# Questão ebf1c48c-cd — Inglês

> Questão de múltipla escolha com gabarito, do acervo do Dicas do ENEM.
> Página com a questão respondível: https://dicasdoenem.com.br/questao/ebf1c48c-cd

- **Código:** ebf1c48c-cd
- **Disciplina:** [Inglês](https://dicasdoenem.com.br/disciplina/16-ingles)
- **Área:** [Linguagens](https://dicasdoenem.com.br/area/linguagens)
- **Ano:** [2025](https://dicasdoenem.com.br/ano/2025)
- **Instituição:** Qualin - Faculdade de Saúde
- **Assuntos:** Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension
- **Nível:** Fácil
- **Gabarito:** alternativa C

## Enunciado

NCDs at a Glance 2025. NCDs surveillance and monitoring:
Noncommunicable disease mortality and risk factor
prevalence in the Americas

Effective surveillance and monitoring of noncommunicable
diseases (NCDs) and their risk factors are essential for informing
evidence-based public health policies, addressing health
inequities, and ensuring progress toward global and regional
targets. By tracking trends in NCDs, their modifiable risk factors
such as tobacco use, unhealthy diets, physical inactivity, harmful
use of alcohol, and air pollution, along with biological risk factors
such as overweight and obesity, high blood pressure
(hypertension), and elevated blood glucose (diabetes),
policymakers can identify emerging threats, target vulnerable
populations, allocating resources efficiently. Reliable data also
enable countries to evaluate interventions, adjust policies, and
strengthen health systems to reduce the burden of NCDs. This
brochure presents data on NCD and suicide mortality, along with
trends by sex, in the Region of the Americas and 35 Member
States of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) from
2000 to 2021. It also highlights progress toward the 2025 global
NCD targets. While the number of NCD-related deaths in the
region increased to six million in 2021, the age-standardized NCD
mortality rate declined by 16.2%, reflecting the impact of
population growth and aging. However, premature NCD
mortality — the key indicator for the Global Action Plan for NCD
Prevention and Control — declined by only 0.71% annually
between 2010 and 2021, falling short of the 1.92% annual
reduction required to meet the 2025 target. Among modifiable risk
factors, tobacco use showed the most significant decline from
2000 to 2021, while insufficient physical activity has been on the
rise. Metabolic risks, including high fasting blood glucose,
overweight, and obesity, exhibited concerning upward trends
during this period. Hypertension control remains suboptimal, with
only 36.4% of individuals achieving adequate blood pressure
levels (≤140/90 mmHg). While ambient air pollution slightly
decreased between 2000 and 2019, current levels remain above
WHO guideline thresholds. To achieve global and regional NCD
targets and improve population health in the Americas, countries
must prioritize cost-effective interventions to reduce NCD
mortality and address these persistent challenges.

Disponível em: https://iris.paho.org/handle/10665.2/65818. Acesso em: 2 abr. 2025.

What is the main purpose of surveillance and monitoring in the
context of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) as described in
the text?

## Alternativas

- **A)** To argue that metabolic risk factors are the sole contributors
 to NCDs-related deaths.
- **B)** To analyze the stability of NCDs mortality rates over the past
 two decades.
- **C)** To recognize developing risks and optimize resource
 distribution. ✔ **correta**
- **D)** To suggest reducing investments in NCDs data collection
 initiatives.
- **E)** To promote the eradication of NCDs through vaccination
 programs.

## Resposta correta

Alternativa **C**.

## Como citar

Dicas do ENEM. Questão ebf1c48c-cd. Disponível em: https://dicasdoenem.com.br/questao/ebf1c48c-cd