Questões de Linguagens do ENEM

    In 1799 — about a year into Napoleon Bonaparte’s occupation of Egypt — French engineers doing demolition work in the delta town of El-Rashid made a remarkable find. While tearing down a wall, they unearthed a large black granite stone with parallel inscriptions in two languages and three scripts. The stone, which (1) ______ into British hands in 1801 and now (2) ______ in the British Museum, was crucial to the (3) ______ of Egyptian hieroglyphics by scholars in the 19th century. Today the Rosetta Stone is one of the world’s bestknown archaeological artifacts, (4) ______ by millions of visitors a year.

Disponível em: https://www.britannica.com/story/what-does-the-rosetta-stone-say. Acesso em: 23 nov. 2025.

Fill in the blanks with the words which best complete the text. Choose the correct answer.  

    Before Halo became the killer app for Microsoft's Xbox console, it was actually supposed to be a thirdperson shooter for Apple's Macs. CEO and company founder Steve Jobs even introduced the game to the world on stage during 1999's Macworld Conference, which still had an epic theme tune and aliens but was otherwise very different to the Halo we know now.

     “We got up on stage with Steve Jobs at Macworld and we talked about it there,” co-creator Marcus Lehto remembered in an interview with Kent State Magazine […]

     Looking for studios and exclusives to bulk up its Xbox launch slate, Microsoft eventually called the studio, which was at that point in a spiky financial situation. “And then Microsoft said, ‘Steve Jobs can't have that. We're going to buy you and move you all to the Pacific Northwest, and then we're going to have you build this game for the Xbox.’”

     I'm guessing that was creative, incomplete paraphrasing on Lehto's part, but imagining Bill Gates and Steve Jobs embroiled in some kind of tech billionaire civil war over the rights to Halo does bring a smile to my face. The rest is history, though – Halo: Combat Evolved launched alongside the OG Xbox and the series has become synonymous with Microsoft's consoles ever since.

Disponível em: https://tech.yahoo.com. Acesso em: 9 dez. 2025.

According to the text, why did Microsoft decide to secure Halo for itself? 

    Obesity is an epidemic that represents a public health challenge. According to the World Obesity Atlas 2025, the total number of adults living with obesity is expected to increase by more than 115% between 2010 and 2030, rising from 524 million to 1.13 billion. The scenario is even more concerning because most countries worldwide lack sufficient plans and policies to address rising obesity levels.

    It is in this context that the so-called “weight-loss pens” are gaining increasing traction. These are injectable medications that mimic the action of the intestinal hormone GLP-1 (and, in some cases, also GIP), increasing satiety and improving glycemic control. Initially developed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, these drugs are also now among the main approved therapies for obesity treatment.

     GLP-1 agonists are medications that mimic the action of the body’s natural hormone called GLP-1 (glucagon‐like peptide‐1), which plays a role in blood sugar control. They bind to receptors on cells – like fitting into a “lock” – and activate these receptors to produce effects similar to those the hormone itself would cause. This is the case with semaglutide.

    Dual agonists work similarly but act on two different receptors simultaneously: in addition to GLP-1, they also act on GIP, an acronym for gastric inhibitory polypeptide. This is the case with tirzepatide, which acts on the brain and gastrointestinal tract to reduce appetite, increase satiety, and slow gastric emptying.

    Although effective for weight loss, the rapid weight reduction promoted by these medications is not limited to the loss of body fat. Part of the weight lost can also come from lean mass, which is composed of muscles, bones, and organs.

Disponível em: https://myminerva.minervafoods.com. Acesso em: 9 dez. 2025.

Com base no texto, analise as asserções. 

I. De acordo com o Atlas Mundial da Obesidade de 2025, estima-se que os índices de obesidade terão mais que o dobro do crescimento entre 2010 e 2030.

II. A maioria dos países possui estratégias e políticas eficazes para combater as crescentes taxas de obesidade.

III. As chamadas “canetas emagrecedoras” atuam na mimetização dos hormônios do intestino, tais como o GLP-1 e, em alguns casos, o GIP.

IV. Os agentes agonistas ou imitadores, tais como a tirzepatida, atuam em dois receptores hormonais simultaneamente.

V. A perda de peso causada por esses medicamentos impacta na diminuição da gordura corporal e não reduz a massa magra.

Assinale a alternativa que apresenta apenas asserções corretas. 

    Every year, 6.5 million dogs, cats, and other former pets are abandoned or lost and enter shelters. But of all these animals, only 3.2 million are adopted and many see shelters again after less than a year of finding a new home.

    Deciding to adopt a pet is an enormous responsibility. As such, many people choose to foster these pets as the shelters search for a permanent home. If you yourself choose to adopt permanently, be sure you are financially stable enough to support a living creature, have enough space for the pet to be comfortable, and that all other living creatures in the house (other pets, children, adults) are willing for such a big change.

    With publicly available data from the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, the Humane Society and People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals, we can better understand the unfortunate circumstances so many pets find themselves in, to better improve their short lives.

Disponível em: https://www.thezebra.com. Acesso em: 9 dez. 2025.

De acordo com o texto, o que deve ser considerado por alguém interessado na adoção de um animal de estimação?  

Disponível em: https://ingles-para-todos1.webnode.page/charges/. Acesso em: 9 dez. 2025.

What does the expression “Well, I’ll be!”, used by the girl, convey? 

    O processo Kraft é um método químico de obtenção de celulose. A madeira é picada e cozida em um meio alcalino chamado licor branco, uma solução composta principalmente por hidróxido de sódio (NaOH) e sulfeto de sódio (Na₂S). Esse licor promove a quebra das ligações da lignina, permitindo a liberação das fibras de celulose. Após o cozimento, a mistura resultante — contendo celulose e o licor que dissolveu a lignina — forma o licor negro, rico em lignina degradada, compostos orgânicos e reagentes químicos remanescentes. A celulose é separada, lavada e segue para branqueamento. O licor negro é então concentrado e queimado em caldeiras especiais, permitindo recuperar parte dos reagentes químicos, que são posteriormente reprocessados para regenerar o licor branco, fechando o ciclo químico do processo.

Disponível em: https://www.quimica.com.br/producao-de-acido-sulfurico-a-partir-de-gases-odoriferos/. Acesso em: 5 de dez. 2025.

Com base no texto sobre o processo Kraft de obtenção de celulose, assinale a alternativa correta. 

Use as informações do texto e da figura a seguir para a escolha da alternativa correta.

Images generated with artificial intelligence (AI) are often not faithful representations of reality. The chart illustrates the level of disparity between a realistic representation of race and gender in various professions and the images generated by AI. The center line in this graph means equal representation. In one case, AI-generated images exclusively represented a certain profession as being held by white males, even though it is actually held by a range of men, women, white, and non-white people. In another case, although more than half of the people holding this position self-identified as white, AI represented it as being held solely by women who were primarily non-white.

Considerando as informações da figura, quais as duas profissões referidas no texto? 

The fact that so few African Americans write science fiction is perplexing since they, in a very real sense, inhabit a sci-fi nightmare in which unseen but no less palpable acts of intolerance frustrate their movement; official histories undo what has been done; and technology is too often brought to bear on black bodies. Moreover, the sublegitimate status of science fiction in literature mirrors the subaltern position to which blacks have been relegated throughout American history. The notion of Afrofuturism gives rise to a troubling antinomy: can a community whose past has been deliberately rubbed out, and whose energies have been consumed by the search for legible traces of its history, imagine possible futures?

(Adaptado de DERY, M. Black to the future: interviews with Samuel R. Delany, Greg Tate, and Tricia Rose. In: ___. (Ed.) The Discourse of cyberculture. Durham; London: Duke University Press, p. 179-222, 1994.)

De acordo com o texto 1, a escassez de autores afro-americanos em obras de ficção científica representa um

The fact that so few African Americans write science fiction is perplexing since they, in a very real sense, inhabit a sci-fi nightmare in which unseen but no less palpable acts of intolerance frustrate their movement; official histories undo what has been done; and technology is too often brought to bear on black bodies. Moreover, the sublegitimate status of science fiction in literature mirrors the subaltern position to which blacks have been relegated throughout American history. The notion of Afrofuturism gives rise to a troubling antinomy: can a community whose past has been deliberately rubbed out, and whose energies have been consumed by the search for legible traces of its history, imagine possible futures?

(Adaptado de DERY, M. Black to the future: interviews with Samuel R. Delany, Greg Tate, and Tricia Rose. In: ___. (Ed.) The Discourse of cyberculture. Durham; London: Duke University Press, p. 179-222, 1994.)

(Octavia E. Butler)

“To survive,

Let the past

Teach you--

Past customs,

Struggles,

Leaders and thinkers.

Let

These

Help you.

Let them inspire you,

Warn you,

Give you strength.

But beware:

God is Change.

O post a seguir foi retirado da rede social de ALOK, artista cujos trabalhos abordam questões de gênero e identidade.

No post, a argumentação é articulada a partir dos diferentes sentidos das palavras

Leia o resumo de uma pesquisa que, em 2021, já alertava para questões climáticas e fatores a elas relacionados.

Climate change shapes weather events. However, describing it as the cause of disasters can be misleading, since disasters are caused by pre-existing fragilities and inequalities on the ground. Attribution is not neutral. Hence, analytic frames that attribute disaster to climate can divert attention from place-based vulnerabilities and their sociopolitical causes. While politicians may blame climate change, the public may hold the government accountable for inadequate investments in flood or drought prevention. To be strategic and moral, framing choices must therefore be sensitive to context and to how the values implicit within analytic frames about the causes of disasters shape policy responses. Such sensitivity requires multicausal analysis of weather-linked disasters to reduce the damages. Through examples from around the world, especially Brazil, we discuss how and why climate-centric disaster framing can erase from view—and, thus, from policy agendas—the very socioeconomic and political factors that centrally cause vulnerability and suffering in weather extremes.

(Adaptado de https://wires.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/wcc.750. Acesso em 15/05/2024.)

Qual alternativa expressa corretamente os argumentos dos autores do texto?

Leia o trabalho da grafiteira e muralista Simone Siss (Texto 1), reconhecida por abordar temáticas femininas em sua obra.

Leia o trabalho da grafiteira e muralista Simone Siss (Texto 1), reconhecida por abordar temáticas femininas em sua obra.

Maria era uma boa moça

Pra turma lá do Gantois*

Era Maria vai com as outras

Maria de coser, Maria de casar

Porém o que ninguém sabia

É que tinha um particular

Além de coser, além de rezar

Também era Maria de pecar

(Fragmento da canção Maria vai com as outras, de Vinícius de Moraes e Toquinho, gravada em 1971.)

------

* Um dos principais terreiros de candomblé da cidade de Salvador. Pronuncia-se gantoá

A partir da forma e do significado da expressão “maria vai com as outras”, podemos afirmar que

Enquanto o povo da cidade se sentia muito importante, eu, por minha vez, me sentia necessário. Eles, porém, não me viam como alguém necessário, me viam como alguém útil. Para eles eu era um servidor, um serviçal. Eu era útil, mas poderia ser substituído porque não era necessário. Percebi que o povo da cidade tinha relações de utilidade e importância, mas não tinha relações de necessidade. Para nós, a pessoa que é importante não é quase nada. É aquela pessoa que se acha ótima, mas não serve. O termo que tem valor para nós é necessário. Há pessoas que são necessárias e há pessoas que são importantes. As pessoas que são importantes acham que as outras pessoas existem para servi-las. As pessoas necessárias são diferentes, são pessoas que fazem falta. Pessoas que precisam estar presentes, de quem se vai atrás.

(SANTOS, Antônio Bispo dos. A terra dá, a terra quer. São Paulo: UBU/Piseagrama, p. 24, 2023.)

Considerando o ponto de vista apresentado no texto de Antônio Bispo dos Santos sobre os “tipos de pessoa”, a personagem que fala nos quadrinhos de Wesley Samp pode ser caracterizada como alguém que

Macetar, verbo transitivo: “golpear (alguém ou algo) com maceta ou macete, um martelo de cabo curto”. A definição está nos dicionários, mas o carnaval, como de praxe, mascarou o significado a seu bel-prazer. O coro da multidão que acompanhou Ivete Sangalo na abertura da folia de Salvador comprova que essa é a época ideal para enriquecer o vocabulário. Música gravada pela cantora baiana com participação de Ludmilla, “Macetando” despontou como hit nacional ao encher a boca do povo com o refrão-chiclete: “Ah, bebê, é a Veveta que tá no comando / Macetando, macetando, macetando...”.

(Adaptado de CUNHA, G. Qual o macete de ‘macetando’? O Globo (versão online), 10/02/2024.)

Na letra da música em questão, um dos aspectos que contribuem para o mascaramento do significado de macetar é