Questões de Inglês do ENEM

Resultados

426 questões encontradas. Mostrando a página 16 de 22.

• 22B1911E-30

  Inglês

  Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehensionPUC - Campinas · 2016DifícilEntre para guardar nos favoritos

      Born on April 15, 1452, in Vinci, Italy, Leonardo da Vinci was the son of a prominent attorney notary and a young peasant girl. Born out of wedlock, he was raised by his father, Ser Piero, and several stepmothers. 

     His early years were spent living on his father’s family estate in Vinci. Beyond basic reading, writing and mathematical skills, da Vinci did not receive much of a formal education. Recognizing his potential as an artist, his father sent him at the age of 14 or 15 to apprentice with sculptor and painter Andrea del Verrocchio of Florence. 

     He spent six years honing his technical skills, including metalworking, leather arts, carpentry, drawing and sculpting, and became a member of the Guild of Saint Luke by the age of 20. He remained with Verrocchio until he became an independent master in 1478. Around that time, he took on his first commissioned work, The Adoration of the Magi, for Florence’s San Donato, a Scopeto monastery, but departed for Milan the following year, leaving the painting unfinished. It has been in the Uffizi Gallery in Florence since 1670. 

    Leonardo was, and is, renowned primarily as a painter. Among his works, the Mona Lisa is the most famous and most parodied portrait and The Last Supper the most reproduced religious painting of all time, with their fame approached only by Michelangelo's The Creation of Adam. Leonardo's drawing of The Vitruvian Man, based on the correlations of ideal human proportions with geometry described by the ancient Roman architect Vitruvius, is also regarded as a cultural icon, being reproduced on items as varied as the euro coin, textbooks, and T-shirts. 

    Leonardo is also revered for his technological ingenuity. In the early 1490s, he began chronicling his thoughts about painting, architecture, mechanics and human anatomy. These notebooks contained wide-ranging ideas, including plans for a “flying machine,” bicycle and drawings of a fetus in the womb and the human skeleton. 

     His interests and intellect traversed so many disciplines that he symbolized the term “Renaissance Man”. Unfortunately, these notebooks were not published and his ideas did not advance scientific understanding in the Renaissance period.

     Today, Leonardo is widely recognized as one of the most diversely talented individuals ever to have lived.

  (Adapted form: http://www.livescience.com/39355-leonardo-da-vinci.html)
  

  Which of the paintings below was NOT authored by Leonardo da Vinci?

  
  

  Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 22b1911e-30

  A

  IV.

  B

  I.

  C

  III.

  D

  II.

  E

  V.

  Responder
• 1AA7F8FE-30

  Inglês

  Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehensionUNESP · 2016MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritos

  Observe o cartum.

  
  

  A alternativa que completa corretamente a lacuna do número 4 do cartum, sem prejuízo de sentido, é
  

  Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 1aa7f8fe-30

  A

  It’s too hot in here.

  B

  I don’t want to be tired all day.

  C

  Otherwise, I’ll miss the bus.

  D

  I’m quite hungry

  E

  Breakfast smells good.

  Responder
• 1AA4FA75-30

  Inglês

  Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehensionUNESP · 2016MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritos

  Question: Is there anything I can do to train my body to need less sleep?

  Karen Weintraub

  June 17, 2016

  
  

     Many people think they can teach themselves to need less sleep, but they’re wrong, said Dr. Sigrid Veasey, a professor at the Center for Sleep and Circadian Neurobiology at the University of Pennsylvania’s Perelman School of Medicine. We might feel that we’re getting by fine on less sleep, but we’re deluding ourselves, Dr. Veasey said, largely because lack of sleep skews our self-awareness. “The more you deprive yourself of sleep over long periods of time, the less accurate you are of judging your own sleep perception,” she said.

     Multiple studies have shown that people don’t functionally adapt to less sleep than their bodies need. There is a range of normal sleep times, with most healthy adults naturally needing seven to nine hours of sleep per night, according to the National Sleep Foundation. Those over 65 need about seven to eight hours, on average, while teenagers need eight to 10 hours, and school-age children nine to 11 hours. People’s performance continues to be poor while they are sleep deprived, Dr. Veasey said.

     Health issues like pain, sleep apnea or autoimmune disease can increase people’s need for sleep, said Andrea Meredith, a neuroscientist at the University of Maryland School of Medicine. A misalignment of the clock that governs our sleep-wake cycle can also drive up the need for sleep, Dr. Meredith said. The brain’s clock can get misaligned by being stimulated at the wrong time of day, she said, such as from caffeine in the afternoon or evening, digital screen use too close to bedtime, or even exercise at a time of day when the body wants to be winding down.

  (http://well.blogs.nytimes.com. Adaptado.)
  

  De acordo com o terceiro parágrafo, o relógio cerebral que regula o ciclo de sono e de vigília pode ficar alterado devido

  Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 1aa4fa75-30

  A

  ao barulho de televisão na hora de dormir.

  B

  a algumas doenças crônicas.

  C

  ao excesso de ingestão de cafeína ao longo do dia.

  D

  a estímulos em horários inadequados.

  E

  à falta de exercícios físicos.

  Responder
• 1AA1EFAF-30

  Inglês

  Tradução | TranslationUNESP · 2016FácilEntre para guardar nos favoritos

  Question: Is there anything I can do to train my body to need less sleep?

  Karen Weintraub

  June 17, 2016

  
  

     Many people think they can teach themselves to need less sleep, but they’re wrong, said Dr. Sigrid Veasey, a professor at the Center for Sleep and Circadian Neurobiology at the University of Pennsylvania’s Perelman School of Medicine. We might feel that we’re getting by fine on less sleep, but we’re deluding ourselves, Dr. Veasey said, largely because lack of sleep skews our self-awareness. “The more you deprive yourself of sleep over long periods of time, the less accurate you are of judging your own sleep perception,” she said.

     Multiple studies have shown that people don’t functionally adapt to less sleep than their bodies need. There is a range of normal sleep times, with most healthy adults naturally needing seven to nine hours of sleep per night, according to the National Sleep Foundation. Those over 65 need about seven to eight hours, on average, while teenagers need eight to 10 hours, and school-age children nine to 11 hours. People’s performance continues to be poor while they are sleep deprived, Dr. Veasey said.

     Health issues like pain, sleep apnea or autoimmune disease can increase people’s need for sleep, said Andrea Meredith, a neuroscientist at the University of Maryland School of Medicine. A misalignment of the clock that governs our sleep-wake cycle can also drive up the need for sleep, Dr. Meredith said. The brain’s clock can get misaligned by being stimulated at the wrong time of day, she said, such as from caffeine in the afternoon or evening, digital screen use too close to bedtime, or even exercise at a time of day when the body wants to be winding down.

  (http://well.blogs.nytimes.com. Adaptado.)
  

  No trecho do segundo parágrafo “Those over 65 need about seven to eight hours, on average, while teenagers need eight to 10 hours”, o termo em destaque tem sentido de

  Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 1aa1efaf-30

  A

  durante.

  B

  como.

  C

  ao longo de.

  D

  já que.

  E

  enquanto.

  Responder
• 1A9EE5DB-30

  Inglês

  Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehensionUNESP · 2016MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritos

  Question: Is there anything I can do to train my body to need less sleep?

  Karen Weintraub

  June 17, 2016

  
  

     Many people think they can teach themselves to need less sleep, but they’re wrong, said Dr. Sigrid Veasey, a professor at the Center for Sleep and Circadian Neurobiology at the University of Pennsylvania’s Perelman School of Medicine. We might feel that we’re getting by fine on less sleep, but we’re deluding ourselves, Dr. Veasey said, largely because lack of sleep skews our self-awareness. “The more you deprive yourself of sleep over long periods of time, the less accurate you are of judging your own sleep perception,” she said.

     Multiple studies have shown that people don’t functionally adapt to less sleep than their bodies need. There is a range of normal sleep times, with most healthy adults naturally needing seven to nine hours of sleep per night, according to the National Sleep Foundation. Those over 65 need about seven to eight hours, on average, while teenagers need eight to 10 hours, and school-age children nine to 11 hours. People’s performance continues to be poor while they are sleep deprived, Dr. Veasey said.

     Health issues like pain, sleep apnea or autoimmune disease can increase people’s need for sleep, said Andrea Meredith, a neuroscientist at the University of Maryland School of Medicine. A misalignment of the clock that governs our sleep-wake cycle can also drive up the need for sleep, Dr. Meredith said. The brain’s clock can get misaligned by being stimulated at the wrong time of day, she said, such as from caffeine in the afternoon or evening, digital screen use too close to bedtime, or even exercise at a time of day when the body wants to be winding down.

  (http://well.blogs.nytimes.com. Adaptado.)
  

  According to the information presented in the second paragraph, one can say that

  Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 1a9ee5db-30

  A

  most people, no matter their age, sleep from seven to nine hours.

  B

  people need less sleep as they age.

  C

  teenagers belong to the age group that needs more sleep.

  D

  elderly people should sleep more than they actually do

  E

  an average of seven hours sleep is enough.

  Responder
• 1A98D884-30

  Inglês

  Sinônimos | SynonymsUNESP · 2016MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritos

  Question: Is there anything I can do to train my body to need less sleep?

  Karen Weintraub

  June 17, 2016

  
  

     Many people think they can teach themselves to need less sleep, but they’re wrong, said Dr. Sigrid Veasey, a professor at the Center for Sleep and Circadian Neurobiology at the University of Pennsylvania’s Perelman School of Medicine. We might feel that we’re getting by fine on less sleep, but we’re deluding ourselves, Dr. Veasey said, largely because lack of sleep skews our self-awareness. “The more you deprive yourself of sleep over long periods of time, the less accurate you are of judging your own sleep perception,” she said.

     Multiple studies have shown that people don’t functionally adapt to less sleep than their bodies need. There is a range of normal sleep times, with most healthy adults naturally needing seven to nine hours of sleep per night, according to the National Sleep Foundation. Those over 65 need about seven to eight hours, on average, while teenagers need eight to 10 hours, and school-age children nine to 11 hours. People’s performance continues to be poor while they are sleep deprived, Dr. Veasey said.

     Health issues like pain, sleep apnea or autoimmune disease can increase people’s need for sleep, said Andrea Meredith, a neuroscientist at the University of Maryland School of Medicine. A misalignment of the clock that governs our sleep-wake cycle can also drive up the need for sleep, Dr. Meredith said. The brain’s clock can get misaligned by being stimulated at the wrong time of day, she said, such as from caffeine in the afternoon or evening, digital screen use too close to bedtime, or even exercise at a time of day when the body wants to be winding down.

  (http://well.blogs.nytimes.com. Adaptado.)
  

  No trecho do primeiro parágrafo “We might feel that we’re getting by fine on less sleep”, o termo em destaque pode ser substituído, sem alteração de sentido, por

  Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 1a98d884-30

  A

  could.

  B

  ought to.

  C

  will.

  D

  should

  E

  has to.

  Responder
• 1A960E0E-30

  Inglês

  Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehensionUNESP · 2016MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritos

  Question: Is there anything I can do to train my body to need less sleep?

  Karen Weintraub

  June 17, 2016

  
  

     Many people think they can teach themselves to need less sleep, but they’re wrong, said Dr. Sigrid Veasey, a professor at the Center for Sleep and Circadian Neurobiology at the University of Pennsylvania’s Perelman School of Medicine. We might feel that we’re getting by fine on less sleep, but we’re deluding ourselves, Dr. Veasey said, largely because lack of sleep skews our self-awareness. “The more you deprive yourself of sleep over long periods of time, the less accurate you are of judging your own sleep perception,” she said.

     Multiple studies have shown that people don’t functionally adapt to less sleep than their bodies need. There is a range of normal sleep times, with most healthy adults naturally needing seven to nine hours of sleep per night, according to the National Sleep Foundation. Those over 65 need about seven to eight hours, on average, while teenagers need eight to 10 hours, and school-age children nine to 11 hours. People’s performance continues to be poor while they are sleep deprived, Dr. Veasey said.

     Health issues like pain, sleep apnea or autoimmune disease can increase people’s need for sleep, said Andrea Meredith, a neuroscientist at the University of Maryland School of Medicine. A misalignment of the clock that governs our sleep-wake cycle can also drive up the need for sleep, Dr. Meredith said. The brain’s clock can get misaligned by being stimulated at the wrong time of day, she said, such as from caffeine in the afternoon or evening, digital screen use too close to bedtime, or even exercise at a time of day when the body wants to be winding down.

  (http://well.blogs.nytimes.com. Adaptado.)
  

  No primeiro parágrafo, a resposta da Dra. Sigrid Veasey à questão “Is there anything I can do to train my body to need less sleep?” indica que

  Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 1a960e0e-30

  A

  é incorreto pensar que seja possível aprender a dormir menos que o necessário.

  B

  leva um longo tempo para o corpo se acostumar com menos horas de sono.

  C

  a maioria das pessoas não percebe a sua real necessidade de descanso.

  D

  é ilusório pensar que dormir em demasia melhora o rendimento quando se está acordado.

  E

  algumas pessoas conseguem dormir cada vez menos sem prejuízo à saúde.

  Responder
• 1A933E9B-30

  Inglês

  Pronome relativo | Relative clausesUNESP · 2016FácilEntre para guardar nos favoritos

  
  

  Assinale a alternativa que completa corretamente a lacuna numerada no texto.

  Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 1a933e9b-30

  A

  which.

  B

  when.

  C

  while.

  D

  whoever.

  E

  who.

  Responder
• 1A9046FD-30

  Inglês

  Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehensionUNESP · 2016FácilEntre para guardar nos favoritos

  
  

  Lola thinks that

  Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 1a9046fd-30

  A

  she is a genius.

  B

  it is wise to go to bed no later than midnight.

  C

  the less she sleeps, the more intelligent she’ll become.

  D

  she’ll please her mother if she gets better grades.

  E

  her mom wants her to sleep for at least nine hours.

  Responder
• 1A8D5D08-30

  Inglês

  Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehensionUNESP · 2016MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritos

  
  

  According to the cartoon, Lola

  Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 1a8d5d08-30

  A

  has already slept for seven hours.

  B

  will sleep until 7 am.

  C

  is planning to go to bed at midnight.

  D

  used to sleep for nine hours.

  E

  went to sleep at 10 pm.

  Responder
• 6F1925A0-1D

  Inglês

  Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehensionUNICAMP · 2016MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritos

  Roman documents discovered

  We often think that the best information from the Roman world comes from Egypt, where the dryness preserves papyri. However, in Britain the reverse conditions occur. At Vindolanda – a Roman fort located two miles behind Hadrian’s Wall – the humidity preserved wooden writing tablets that were thrown into a bonfire when the fort was evacuated in CE 105.

  These wooden tablets were one of the most important discoveries made in Roman Britain in the 20th century.

  They were used not for grand writings but for memoranda and accounts, so they provide the best insight into life in the Roman army found anywhere in the world. One of the tablets says:

  Octavius to Candidus: “I need money. I have bought 5,000 bushels of grain, and unless you send me some money, I shall lose my deposit and be embarrassed”.

  (Adaptado de http://www.archaeology.co.uk/specials/the-timeline-ofbritain/vindolanda-2.htm. Acessado em 28/08/2016.)

  
  

  Os documentos descobertos em Vindolanda

  Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 6f1925a0-1d

  A

  são papiros preservados pelo clima seco da região em que foram encontrados.

  B

  contêm informações sobre a evacuação do forte no ano 105 da Era Cristã.

  C

  preservam registros de disputas financeiras entre cidadãos comuns.

  D

  são registros em madeira, com informações preciosas sobre a vida no exército romano.

  Responder
• 6F158E6C-1D

  Inglês

  Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehensionUNICAMP · 2016FácilEntre para guardar nos favoritos

  
  

  
  

  Depreende-se das informações da figura que
  

  Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 6f158e6c-1d

  A

  38% das jovens engravidam antes dos 18 anos.

  B

  38% das jovens concluem o ensino médio aos 22 anos.

  C

  a gravidez na adolescência interfere na vida escolar das jovens.

  D

  a gravidez após os 18 anos interfere na vida escolar das jovens.

  Responder
• 6F122087-1D

  Inglês

  Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehensionUNICAMP · 2016MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritos

  Why Everyone Should Read Harry Potter

  September 9, 2014

  
  

  Harry Potter is the best selling book series of all time. But it’s had its reproaches. Various Christian groups claimed the books promoted paganism and witchcraft to children. Washington Post book critic Ron Charles called the fact that adults were also hooked on Potter a "bad case of cultural infantilism.” Charles and others also cited a certain artistic banality in massively commercial story-telling, while others criticized Hogwarts, the wizardry academy attended by Potter, for only rewarding innate talents.

  The Anglo-American writer Christopher Hitchens, on the other hand, praised J. K. Rowling for freeing English children’s literature from dreams of riches and class and snobbery and giving us a world of youthful democracy and diversity. A growing body of evidence suggests that reading Rowling’s work, at least as a youth, might be a good thing.

  (Adaptado de http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/why-everyone-shouldread-harry-potter/. Acessado em 02/09/2016.)

  
  

  A leitura do excerto permite concluir adequadamente que:
  

  Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 6f122087-1d

  A

  A série Harry Potter é aprovada por críticos literários e grupos religiosos com base nos mesmos argumentos.

  B

  As qualidades literárias de Harry Potter justificam seu sucesso entre os adultos.

  C

  A abordagem educacional de Hogwarts recompensa as habilidades desenvolvidas por meio do esforço pessoal.

  D

  Para os personagens da série Harry Potter, o sonho de ascendência social e poder financeiro é pouco relevante.

  Responder
• 6E724FE4-1D

  Inglês

  Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehensionUNICAMP · 2016MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritos

  Survey of geopolitics

  Geopolitics is a product of its time, and its definitions have evolved accordingly. Rudolphh Kjellén, who coined the term in 1899, described geopolitics as "the theory of the state as a geographical organism or phenomenon in space." For Karl Haushofer, the father of German geopolotik, "Geopolitics is the new national science of the state,(…) a doctrine on the spatial determinism of all political processes, based on the broad foundations of geography, especially of political geography". On the eve of World War II, Derwent Whittlesey, the American political geographer, considered geopolitics "a dogma*... the faith that the state is inherently entitled to its place in the sun". Richard Hartshorne defined it as "geography utilized for particular purposes that lie beyond the pursuit of scientific knowledge".

  (Adaptado de Saul Bernard Cohen, Geopolitics of the world system. Boston: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2003. p.11.)

  Conforme o texto,

  Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 6e724fe4-1d

  A

  Kjellén e Haushofer possuem visão semelhante quanto à geopolítica, pois concordam que ela faz referência ao Estado.

  B

  Whittlesey concorda com seus antecessores ao afirmar que a geopolítica havia se transformado em um dogma.

  C

  Hartshorne concorda com Kjellén ao afirmar que a geopolítica mantém-se dentro dos parâmetros estritos de uma ciência.

  D

  apesar dos posicionamentos distintos, os autores mencionados estão de acordo quanto aos fundamentos da geopolítica.

  Responder
• 6E6F9A03-1D

  Inglês

  Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehensionUNICAMP · 2016DifícilEntre para guardar nos favoritos

  Leia os versos iniciais do poema The White Man’s Burden

  (O fardo do homem branco). 

  Take up the White Man’s burden

  Send forth the best ye breed -

  Go send your sons to exile

  To serve your captives' need

  To wait in heavy harness

  On fluttered folk and wildYour

  new-caught, sullen peoples,

  Half devil and half child (...)

  (Rudyard Kipling, Rudyard Kipling’s Verse. Disponível em

  http://kiplingsociety.co.uk/poems_burden.htm. Acessado em 17/10/2016.) 

  O poema de Rudyard Kipling foi escrito em Londres, em 1898, após a estadia do autor nos EUA. Considerando-se o contexto do imperialismo do século XIX, o poeta expressa 
  

  Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 6e6f9a03-1d

  A

  a defesa do expansionismo norte-americano, justificado como um dever moral explicitado no título “The White Man’s Burden”.

  B

  o olhar caridoso em relação aos povos dominados no contexto do imperialismo do século XIX, como se observa no verso “half devil and half child”.

  C

  uma crítica à visão da superioridade branca vigente durante a corrida imperialista do século XIX, ao enaltecer as características “folk and wild”.

  D

  a visão de que as famílias americanas não devem ser punidas pela política expansionista dos EUA, como se observa na recomendação “Go send your sons to exile”.

  Responder
• 0B57E829-0D

  Inglês

  Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehensionUECE · 2016MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritos

                                             TEXT

        Nearly 250 million young children across the world – 43% of under-fives – are unlikely to fulfil their potential as adults because of stunting and extreme poverty, new figures show.

        The first three years of life are crucial to a child’s development, according to a series of research papers published in the Lancet medical journal, which says there are also economic costs to the failure to help them grow. Those who do not get the nutrition, care and stimulation they need will earn about 26% less than others as adults.

        “The costs of not acting immediately to expand services to improve early childhood development are high for individuals and their families, as well as for societies,” say the researchers. The cost to some countries in GDP (gross domestic product), they estimate, is as much as twice their spending on healthcare.

        The figures come as the World Bank prepares for a summit meeting with finance ministers around the globe to discuss how nurturing children in their early years will help their countries’ economic development. The World Bank president, Jim Yong Kim, has told the Guardian that he intends to use the World Economic Forum in Davos each year to name and shame countries that do not reduce their high stunting rates.

         The Lancet series says the first 24 months of life are the critical time for avoiding stunting. Undernourished children living in extreme poverty end up small and their brain development is affected, so that they find it hard to learn. “Some catch-up is possible in height-for-age after 24 months, with uncertain cognitive gains,” says one of the papers. 

        In sub-Saharan Africa, 66% of children are estimated to be at risk of poor development because of stunting and poverty. In south Asia, the figure is 65%, and 18% in the Caribbean and South America.  

        Mothers need to be well nourished to give their babies a good start in life and be able to breastfeed. Families need help to give children the nutrition and nurturing they need, say researchers. That includes breastfeeding, free pre-school education – which is available in only two-thirds of high-income countries – paid leave for parents and a minimum wage to pull more families out of poverty.

        There are children at risk in all countries, rich and poor. The series points to early childhood programs that have been effective, including Sure Start in the UK, Early Head Start in the US, Chile’s Crece Contigo and Grade R in South Africa

        In a Comment piece in the journal, Dr Margaret Chan, director general of the World Health Organization, Anthony Lake, executive director of the United Nations Children’s Fund, and Keith Hansen, vice-president for human development at the World Bank, write: “The early childhood agenda is truly global, because the need is not limited to low-income countries. Children living in disadvantaged households in middle-income and wealthy countries are also at risk.

        “In targeting our investments, we should give priority to populations in the greatest need, such as families and children in extreme poverty and those who require humanitarian assistance. In addition, we have to build more resilient systems in vulnerable communities to mitigate the disruptive influence of natural disasters, fragility, conflict, and violence.”

        Wanda Wyporska, executive director of the Equality Trust, said: “It’s no surprise that the richer you are, the better your health is likely to be”. But the chasm of health inequality between rich and poor has widened in recent years.

        “Being born into a poor family shouldn’t mean decades of poorer health and even premature death, but that’s the shameful reality of the UK’s health gap. If you rank neighborhoods in the UK from the richest to the poorest, you have almost perfectly ranked health from the best to the worst.”

                                       https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2016/oct/04
  

  According to the figures presented in the article, the highest rate of children who suffer, in their development, the consequences of stunting and poverty is in

  Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 0b57e829-0d

  A

  South America.

  B

  Asia.

  C

  Africa.

  D

  UK.

  Responder
• 0B55783D-0D

  Inglês

  Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehensionUECE · 2016MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritos

                                             TEXT

        Nearly 250 million young children across the world – 43% of under-fives – are unlikely to fulfil their potential as adults because of stunting and extreme poverty, new figures show.

        The first three years of life are crucial to a child’s development, according to a series of research papers published in the Lancet medical journal, which says there are also economic costs to the failure to help them grow. Those who do not get the nutrition, care and stimulation they need will earn about 26% less than others as adults.

        “The costs of not acting immediately to expand services to improve early childhood development are high for individuals and their families, as well as for societies,” say the researchers. The cost to some countries in GDP (gross domestic product), they estimate, is as much as twice their spending on healthcare.

        The figures come as the World Bank prepares for a summit meeting with finance ministers around the globe to discuss how nurturing children in their early years will help their countries’ economic development. The World Bank president, Jim Yong Kim, has told the Guardian that he intends to use the World Economic Forum in Davos each year to name and shame countries that do not reduce their high stunting rates.

         The Lancet series says the first 24 months of life are the critical time for avoiding stunting. Undernourished children living in extreme poverty end up small and their brain development is affected, so that they find it hard to learn. “Some catch-up is possible in height-for-age after 24 months, with uncertain cognitive gains,” says one of the papers. 

        In sub-Saharan Africa, 66% of children are estimated to be at risk of poor development because of stunting and poverty. In south Asia, the figure is 65%, and 18% in the Caribbean and South America.  

        Mothers need to be well nourished to give their babies a good start in life and be able to breastfeed. Families need help to give children the nutrition and nurturing they need, say researchers. That includes breastfeeding, free pre-school education – which is available in only two-thirds of high-income countries – paid leave for parents and a minimum wage to pull more families out of poverty.

        There are children at risk in all countries, rich and poor. The series points to early childhood programs that have been effective, including Sure Start in the UK, Early Head Start in the US, Chile’s Crece Contigo and Grade R in South Africa

        In a Comment piece in the journal, Dr Margaret Chan, director general of the World Health Organization, Anthony Lake, executive director of the United Nations Children’s Fund, and Keith Hansen, vice-president for human development at the World Bank, write: “The early childhood agenda is truly global, because the need is not limited to low-income countries. Children living in disadvantaged households in middle-income and wealthy countries are also at risk.

        “In targeting our investments, we should give priority to populations in the greatest need, such as families and children in extreme poverty and those who require humanitarian assistance. In addition, we have to build more resilient systems in vulnerable communities to mitigate the disruptive influence of natural disasters, fragility, conflict, and violence.”

        Wanda Wyporska, executive director of the Equality Trust, said: “It’s no surprise that the richer you are, the better your health is likely to be”. But the chasm of health inequality between rich and poor has widened in recent years.

        “Being born into a poor family shouldn’t mean decades of poorer health and even premature death, but that’s the shameful reality of the UK’s health gap. If you rank neighborhoods in the UK from the richest to the poorest, you have almost perfectly ranked health from the best to the worst.”

                                       https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2016/oct/04
  

  The World Bank president has said that each year in the World Economic Forum he intends to

  Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 0b55783d-0d

  A

  announce new measures to reduce stunting rates around the globe.

  B

  list the names of countries that are not reducing high stunting rates.

  C

  establish new standards to be followed by nations worldwide.

  D

  highlight the example of countries that reduce their stunting rates.

  Responder
• 0B51EB0E-0D

  Inglês

  Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehensionUECE · 2016MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritos

                                             TEXT

        Nearly 250 million young children across the world – 43% of under-fives – are unlikely to fulfil their potential as adults because of stunting and extreme poverty, new figures show.

        The first three years of life are crucial to a child’s development, according to a series of research papers published in the Lancet medical journal, which says there are also economic costs to the failure to help them grow. Those who do not get the nutrition, care and stimulation they need will earn about 26% less than others as adults.

        “The costs of not acting immediately to expand services to improve early childhood development are high for individuals and their families, as well as for societies,” say the researchers. The cost to some countries in GDP (gross domestic product), they estimate, is as much as twice their spending on healthcare.

        The figures come as the World Bank prepares for a summit meeting with finance ministers around the globe to discuss how nurturing children in their early years will help their countries’ economic development. The World Bank president, Jim Yong Kim, has told the Guardian that he intends to use the World Economic Forum in Davos each year to name and shame countries that do not reduce their high stunting rates.

         The Lancet series says the first 24 months of life are the critical time for avoiding stunting. Undernourished children living in extreme poverty end up small and their brain development is affected, so that they find it hard to learn. “Some catch-up is possible in height-for-age after 24 months, with uncertain cognitive gains,” says one of the papers. 

        In sub-Saharan Africa, 66% of children are estimated to be at risk of poor development because of stunting and poverty. In south Asia, the figure is 65%, and 18% in the Caribbean and South America.  

        Mothers need to be well nourished to give their babies a good start in life and be able to breastfeed. Families need help to give children the nutrition and nurturing they need, say researchers. That includes breastfeeding, free pre-school education – which is available in only two-thirds of high-income countries – paid leave for parents and a minimum wage to pull more families out of poverty.

        There are children at risk in all countries, rich and poor. The series points to early childhood programs that have been effective, including Sure Start in the UK, Early Head Start in the US, Chile’s Crece Contigo and Grade R in South Africa

        In a Comment piece in the journal, Dr Margaret Chan, director general of the World Health Organization, Anthony Lake, executive director of the United Nations Children’s Fund, and Keith Hansen, vice-president for human development at the World Bank, write: “The early childhood agenda is truly global, because the need is not limited to low-income countries. Children living in disadvantaged households in middle-income and wealthy countries are also at risk.

        “In targeting our investments, we should give priority to populations in the greatest need, such as families and children in extreme poverty and those who require humanitarian assistance. In addition, we have to build more resilient systems in vulnerable communities to mitigate the disruptive influence of natural disasters, fragility, conflict, and violence.”

        Wanda Wyporska, executive director of the Equality Trust, said: “It’s no surprise that the richer you are, the better your health is likely to be”. But the chasm of health inequality between rich and poor has widened in recent years.

        “Being born into a poor family shouldn’t mean decades of poorer health and even premature death, but that’s the shameful reality of the UK’s health gap. If you rank neighborhoods in the UK from the richest to the poorest, you have almost perfectly ranked health from the best to the worst.”

                                       https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2016/oct/04
  

  In terms of the availability of free pre-school education, it is mentioned in the text that it

  Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 0b51eb0e-0d

  A

  is now part of nearly all developed countries.

  B

  hardly exists in low-income countries.

  C

  is a reality in only two-thirds of high-income countries.

  D

  is a privilege of all children in the UK.

  Responder
• 0B4F3B55-0D

  Inglês

  Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehensionUECE · 2016MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritos

                                             TEXT

        Nearly 250 million young children across the world – 43% of under-fives – are unlikely to fulfil their potential as adults because of stunting and extreme poverty, new figures show.

        The first three years of life are crucial to a child’s development, according to a series of research papers published in the Lancet medical journal, which says there are also economic costs to the failure to help them grow. Those who do not get the nutrition, care and stimulation they need will earn about 26% less than others as adults.

        “The costs of not acting immediately to expand services to improve early childhood development are high for individuals and their families, as well as for societies,” say the researchers. The cost to some countries in GDP (gross domestic product), they estimate, is as much as twice their spending on healthcare.

        The figures come as the World Bank prepares for a summit meeting with finance ministers around the globe to discuss how nurturing children in their early years will help their countries’ economic development. The World Bank president, Jim Yong Kim, has told the Guardian that he intends to use the World Economic Forum in Davos each year to name and shame countries that do not reduce their high stunting rates.

         The Lancet series says the first 24 months of life are the critical time for avoiding stunting. Undernourished children living in extreme poverty end up small and their brain development is affected, so that they find it hard to learn. “Some catch-up is possible in height-for-age after 24 months, with uncertain cognitive gains,” says one of the papers. 

        In sub-Saharan Africa, 66% of children are estimated to be at risk of poor development because of stunting and poverty. In south Asia, the figure is 65%, and 18% in the Caribbean and South America.  

        Mothers need to be well nourished to give their babies a good start in life and be able to breastfeed. Families need help to give children the nutrition and nurturing they need, say researchers. That includes breastfeeding, free pre-school education – which is available in only two-thirds of high-income countries – paid leave for parents and a minimum wage to pull more families out of poverty.

        There are children at risk in all countries, rich and poor. The series points to early childhood programs that have been effective, including Sure Start in the UK, Early Head Start in the US, Chile’s Crece Contigo and Grade R in South Africa

        In a Comment piece in the journal, Dr Margaret Chan, director general of the World Health Organization, Anthony Lake, executive director of the United Nations Children’s Fund, and Keith Hansen, vice-president for human development at the World Bank, write: “The early childhood agenda is truly global, because the need is not limited to low-income countries. Children living in disadvantaged households in middle-income and wealthy countries are also at risk.

        “In targeting our investments, we should give priority to populations in the greatest need, such as families and children in extreme poverty and those who require humanitarian assistance. In addition, we have to build more resilient systems in vulnerable communities to mitigate the disruptive influence of natural disasters, fragility, conflict, and violence.”

        Wanda Wyporska, executive director of the Equality Trust, said: “It’s no surprise that the richer you are, the better your health is likely to be”. But the chasm of health inequality between rich and poor has widened in recent years.

        “Being born into a poor family shouldn’t mean decades of poorer health and even premature death, but that’s the shameful reality of the UK’s health gap. If you rank neighborhoods in the UK from the richest to the poorest, you have almost perfectly ranked health from the best to the worst.”

                                       https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2016/oct/04
  

  Among the factors related to family environment for good development and health of children, the text mentions the

  Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 0b4f3b55-0d

  A

  nourishment of mothers in order to breastfeed.

  B

  level of education of parents.

  C

  average age of mothers.

  D

  presence of other relatives in the family.

  Responder
• 0B4CB765-0D

  Inglês

  Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehensionUECE · 2016FácilEntre para guardar nos favoritos

                                             TEXT

        Nearly 250 million young children across the world – 43% of under-fives – are unlikely to fulfil their potential as adults because of stunting and extreme poverty, new figures show.

        The first three years of life are crucial to a child’s development, according to a series of research papers published in the Lancet medical journal, which says there are also economic costs to the failure to help them grow. Those who do not get the nutrition, care and stimulation they need will earn about 26% less than others as adults.

        “The costs of not acting immediately to expand services to improve early childhood development are high for individuals and their families, as well as for societies,” say the researchers. The cost to some countries in GDP (gross domestic product), they estimate, is as much as twice their spending on healthcare.

        The figures come as the World Bank prepares for a summit meeting with finance ministers around the globe to discuss how nurturing children in their early years will help their countries’ economic development. The World Bank president, Jim Yong Kim, has told the Guardian that he intends to use the World Economic Forum in Davos each year to name and shame countries that do not reduce their high stunting rates.

         The Lancet series says the first 24 months of life are the critical time for avoiding stunting. Undernourished children living in extreme poverty end up small and their brain development is affected, so that they find it hard to learn. “Some catch-up is possible in height-for-age after 24 months, with uncertain cognitive gains,” says one of the papers. 

        In sub-Saharan Africa, 66% of children are estimated to be at risk of poor development because of stunting and poverty. In south Asia, the figure is 65%, and 18% in the Caribbean and South America.  

        Mothers need to be well nourished to give their babies a good start in life and be able to breastfeed. Families need help to give children the nutrition and nurturing they need, say researchers. That includes breastfeeding, free pre-school education – which is available in only two-thirds of high-income countries – paid leave for parents and a minimum wage to pull more families out of poverty.

        There are children at risk in all countries, rich and poor. The series points to early childhood programs that have been effective, including Sure Start in the UK, Early Head Start in the US, Chile’s Crece Contigo and Grade R in South Africa

        In a Comment piece in the journal, Dr Margaret Chan, director general of the World Health Organization, Anthony Lake, executive director of the United Nations Children’s Fund, and Keith Hansen, vice-president for human development at the World Bank, write: “The early childhood agenda is truly global, because the need is not limited to low-income countries. Children living in disadvantaged households in middle-income and wealthy countries are also at risk.

        “In targeting our investments, we should give priority to populations in the greatest need, such as families and children in extreme poverty and those who require humanitarian assistance. In addition, we have to build more resilient systems in vulnerable communities to mitigate the disruptive influence of natural disasters, fragility, conflict, and violence.”

        Wanda Wyporska, executive director of the Equality Trust, said: “It’s no surprise that the richer you are, the better your health is likely to be”. But the chasm of health inequality between rich and poor has widened in recent years.

        “Being born into a poor family shouldn’t mean decades of poorer health and even premature death, but that’s the shameful reality of the UK’s health gap. If you rank neighborhoods in the UK from the richest to the poorest, you have almost perfectly ranked health from the best to the worst.”

                                       https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2016/oct/04
  

  One of the facts mentioned in the article is that in recent years

  Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 0b4cb765-0d

  A

  the World Economic Forum has not discussed some countries' high stunting rates.

  B

  many childhood programs in the UK have been ineffective.

  C

  only children in wealthy countries are not at risk of poor development.

  D

  the chasm of health inequality between rich and poor has widened.

  Responder