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Questões de Inglês do ENEM

Questões de Inglês, da área de Linguagens, com gabarito em cada página.

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624 questões encontradas. Mostrando a página 13 de 32.

  • 9719B503-D5

    Inglês

    Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension    Centro de Estudos Superiores de Maceió - Centro Universitário · 2018MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritos
    Read the text below and answer the following question.


    Do tweens and teens believe “fake news”?


    Let's be clear: "Fake news" has always existed. From P.T. Barnum to Ripley's Believe It or Not to supermarket tabloids, selling outrageous ideas has long been a part of our culture. Most kids can tell the difference between the shocking stories they see in the checkout line and the more evenhanded reporting they see on the local TV news.

    But today's fake online news sources so closely mimic real news that it's challenging even for adults to discern what's real and what's fake. Also, kids have less experience in and context for evaluating news sources, so certain words or images that might immediately tell an adult that something is fake or biased might not have the same effect on kids.

    According to Common Sense Media's report, News and America's Kids: How Young People Perceive and Are Impacted by the News, less than half of kids agree that they know how to tell fake news stories from real ones. When it comes to online news, the stats reveal a serious lack of faith:

    Only about one in four kids who gets news online think that news posted online is "very accurate."

    Only seven percent think news by people they don't know well is "very accurate."

    Tweens are more likely than teens to think that news posted online is "very accurate."

    The good news is that kids who get news from social media sites are trying to be careful readers. Most kids who get their news from social media say they pay "a lot" or "some" attention to the source the link on social media takes them to. And the majority who get news online say that when they come across information in a news story that they think is wrong, they "sometimes" or "often" try to figure out whether or not it's true.

    Adaptado de: < https://www.commonsensemedia.org/news-andmedia-literacy/do-tweens-and-teens-believe-fake-news> Acessado em 19 de outubro de 2018. 
    The good news is that
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 9719b503-d5
  • 9715FC26-D5

    Inglês

    Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension    Centro de Estudos Superiores de Maceió - Centro Universitário · 2018MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritos
    Read the text below and answer the following question.


    Do tweens and teens believe “fake news”?


    Let's be clear: "Fake news" has always existed. From P.T. Barnum to Ripley's Believe It or Not to supermarket tabloids, selling outrageous ideas has long been a part of our culture. Most kids can tell the difference between the shocking stories they see in the checkout line and the more evenhanded reporting they see on the local TV news.

    But today's fake online news sources so closely mimic real news that it's challenging even for adults to discern what's real and what's fake. Also, kids have less experience in and context for evaluating news sources, so certain words or images that might immediately tell an adult that something is fake or biased might not have the same effect on kids.

    According to Common Sense Media's report, News and America's Kids: How Young People Perceive and Are Impacted by the News, less than half of kids agree that they know how to tell fake news stories from real ones. When it comes to online news, the stats reveal a serious lack of faith:

    Only about one in four kids who gets news online think that news posted online is "very accurate."

    Only seven percent think news by people they don't know well is "very accurate."

    Tweens are more likely than teens to think that news posted online is "very accurate."

    The good news is that kids who get news from social media sites are trying to be careful readers. Most kids who get their news from social media say they pay "a lot" or "some" attention to the source the link on social media takes them to. And the majority who get news online say that when they come across information in a news story that they think is wrong, they "sometimes" or "often" try to figure out whether or not it's true.

    Adaptado de: < https://www.commonsensemedia.org/news-andmedia-literacy/do-tweens-and-teens-believe-fake-news> Acessado em 19 de outubro de 2018. 
    Children and adults
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 9715fc26-d5
  • 97131494-D5

    Inglês

    Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension    Centro de Estudos Superiores de Maceió - Centro Universitário · 2018Muito difícilEntre para guardar nos favoritos
    Read the text below and answer the following question.


    Do tweens and teens believe “fake news”?


    Let's be clear: "Fake news" has always existed. From P.T. Barnum to Ripley's Believe It or Not to supermarket tabloids, selling outrageous ideas has long been a part of our culture. Most kids can tell the difference between the shocking stories they see in the checkout line and the more evenhanded reporting they see on the local TV news.

    But today's fake online news sources so closely mimic real news that it's challenging even for adults to discern what's real and what's fake. Also, kids have less experience in and context for evaluating news sources, so certain words or images that might immediately tell an adult that something is fake or biased might not have the same effect on kids.

    According to Common Sense Media's report, News and America's Kids: How Young People Perceive and Are Impacted by the News, less than half of kids agree that they know how to tell fake news stories from real ones. When it comes to online news, the stats reveal a serious lack of faith:

    Only about one in four kids who gets news online think that news posted online is "very accurate."

    Only seven percent think news by people they don't know well is "very accurate."

    Tweens are more likely than teens to think that news posted online is "very accurate."

    The good news is that kids who get news from social media sites are trying to be careful readers. Most kids who get their news from social media say they pay "a lot" or "some" attention to the source the link on social media takes them to. And the majority who get news online say that when they come across information in a news story that they think is wrong, they "sometimes" or "often" try to figure out whether or not it's true.

    Adaptado de: < https://www.commonsensemedia.org/news-andmedia-literacy/do-tweens-and-teens-believe-fake-news> Acessado em 19 de outubro de 2018. 
    Fake news
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 97131494-d5
  • 8E42F9CE-D5

    Inglês

    Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension    Centro de Estudos Superiores de Maceió - Centro Universitário · 2018DifícilEntre para guardar nos favoritos

    Read the comic strip below and answer the following question based on it.


    Imagem da questão de Inglês, Centro de Estudos Superiores de Maceió - Centro Universitário 2018, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

    Disponível em:< http://www.guysports.com/funny/doctor_cartoon.htm>. Acessado em 5 de abril de 2018.

    What the doctor implies is that
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 8e42f9ce-d5
  • 8E3FCC08-D5

    Inglês

    Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension    Centro de Estudos Superiores de Maceió - Centro Universitário · 2018Muito difícilEntre para guardar nos favoritos

    Read the illustration below and answer the following question based on it.


    Imagem da questão de Inglês, Centro de Estudos Superiores de Maceió - Centro Universitário 2018, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

    Disponível em:< https://i.pinimg.com/originals/33/82/af/3382af7d4f90bbed0e333770 abbc317e.jpg>. Acessado em 2 de abril de 2018

    It can be inferred that
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 8e3fcc08-d5
  • 8E3BFB29-D5

    Inglês

    Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension    Centro de Estudos Superiores de Maceió - Centro Universitário · 2018DifícilEntre para guardar nos favoritos

    Read the text below and answer the following question based on it.


    More than half your body is not human


    Human cells make up only 43% of the body's total cell count. The rest are microscopic colonists.

    Understanding this hidden half of ourselves - our microbiome - is rapidly transforming understanding of diseases from allergy to Parkinson's.

    No matter how well you wash, nearly every nook and cranny of your body is covered in microscopic creatures.

    This includes bacteria, viruses, fungi and archaea (organisms originally misclassified as bacteria). The greatest concentration of this microscopic life is in the dark murky depths of our oxygen-deprived bowels.

    The human genome - the full set of genetic instructions for a human being - is made up of 20,000 instructions called genes.

    But add all the genes in our microbiome together and the figure comes out between two and 20 million microbial genes.

    Prof Sarkis Mazmanian, a microbiologist from Caltech, argues: "We don't have just one genome, the genes of our microbiome present essentially a second genome which augment the activity of our own.

    Science is rapidly uncovering the role the microbiome plays in digestion, regulating the immune system, protecting against disease and manufacturing vital vitamins.

    It is a new way of thinking about the microbial world. To date, our relationship with microbes has largely been one of warfare.

    Antibiotics and vaccines have been the weapons unleashed against the likes of smallpox, Mycobacterium tuberculosis or MRSA.

    That's been a good thing and has saved large numbers of lives.

    But some researchers are concerned that our assault on the bad guys has done untold damage to our "good bacteria".

    Prof Knight has performed experiments on mice that were born in the most sanitised world imaginable.

    He says: "We were able to show that if you take lean and obese humans and take their faeces and transplant the bacteria into mice you can make the mouse thinner or fatter depending on whose microbiome it got."

    "This is pretty amazing right, but the question now is will this be translatable to humans"

    This is the big hope for the field, that microbes could be a new form of medicine. It is known as using "bugs as drugs".

    Adaptado de: < http://www.bbc.com/news/health-43674270> Acessado em 13 de abril de 2018.

    Experiments on mice
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 8e3bfb29-d5
  • 8E37EDE6-D5

    Inglês

    Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension    Centro de Estudos Superiores de Maceió - Centro Universitário · 2018Muito difícilEntre para guardar nos favoritos

    Read the text below and answer the following question based on it.


    More than half your body is not human


    Human cells make up only 43% of the body's total cell count. The rest are microscopic colonists.

    Understanding this hidden half of ourselves - our microbiome - is rapidly transforming understanding of diseases from allergy to Parkinson's.

    No matter how well you wash, nearly every nook and cranny of your body is covered in microscopic creatures.

    This includes bacteria, viruses, fungi and archaea (organisms originally misclassified as bacteria). The greatest concentration of this microscopic life is in the dark murky depths of our oxygen-deprived bowels.

    The human genome - the full set of genetic instructions for a human being - is made up of 20,000 instructions called genes.

    But add all the genes in our microbiome together and the figure comes out between two and 20 million microbial genes.

    Prof Sarkis Mazmanian, a microbiologist from Caltech, argues: "We don't have just one genome, the genes of our microbiome present essentially a second genome which augment the activity of our own.

    Science is rapidly uncovering the role the microbiome plays in digestion, regulating the immune system, protecting against disease and manufacturing vital vitamins.

    It is a new way of thinking about the microbial world. To date, our relationship with microbes has largely been one of warfare.

    Antibiotics and vaccines have been the weapons unleashed against the likes of smallpox, Mycobacterium tuberculosis or MRSA.

    That's been a good thing and has saved large numbers of lives.

    But some researchers are concerned that our assault on the bad guys has done untold damage to our "good bacteria".

    Prof Knight has performed experiments on mice that were born in the most sanitised world imaginable.

    He says: "We were able to show that if you take lean and obese humans and take their faeces and transplant the bacteria into mice you can make the mouse thinner or fatter depending on whose microbiome it got."

    "This is pretty amazing right, but the question now is will this be translatable to humans"

    This is the big hope for the field, that microbes could be a new form of medicine. It is known as using "bugs as drugs".

    Adaptado de: < http://www.bbc.com/news/health-43674270> Acessado em 13 de abril de 2018.

    Understanding how our microbiome works
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 8e37ede6-d5
  • 8E34CE0A-D5

    Inglês

    Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension    Centro de Estudos Superiores de Maceió - Centro Universitário · 2018Muito difícilEntre para guardar nos favoritos

    Read the text below and answer the following question based on it.


    More than half your body is not human


    Human cells make up only 43% of the body's total cell count. The rest are microscopic colonists.

    Understanding this hidden half of ourselves - our microbiome - is rapidly transforming understanding of diseases from allergy to Parkinson's.

    No matter how well you wash, nearly every nook and cranny of your body is covered in microscopic creatures.

    This includes bacteria, viruses, fungi and archaea (organisms originally misclassified as bacteria). The greatest concentration of this microscopic life is in the dark murky depths of our oxygen-deprived bowels.

    The human genome - the full set of genetic instructions for a human being - is made up of 20,000 instructions called genes.

    But add all the genes in our microbiome together and the figure comes out between two and 20 million microbial genes.

    Prof Sarkis Mazmanian, a microbiologist from Caltech, argues: "We don't have just one genome, the genes of our microbiome present essentially a second genome which augment the activity of our own.

    Science is rapidly uncovering the role the microbiome plays in digestion, regulating the immune system, protecting against disease and manufacturing vital vitamins.

    It is a new way of thinking about the microbial world. To date, our relationship with microbes has largely been one of warfare.

    Antibiotics and vaccines have been the weapons unleashed against the likes of smallpox, Mycobacterium tuberculosis or MRSA.

    That's been a good thing and has saved large numbers of lives.

    But some researchers are concerned that our assault on the bad guys has done untold damage to our "good bacteria".

    Prof Knight has performed experiments on mice that were born in the most sanitised world imaginable.

    He says: "We were able to show that if you take lean and obese humans and take their faeces and transplant the bacteria into mice you can make the mouse thinner or fatter depending on whose microbiome it got."

    "This is pretty amazing right, but the question now is will this be translatable to humans"

    This is the big hope for the field, that microbes could be a new form of medicine. It is known as using "bugs as drugs".

    Adaptado de: < http://www.bbc.com/news/health-43674270> Acessado em 13 de abril de 2018.

    The human body
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 8e34ce0a-d5
  • 8E31906D-D5

    Inglês

    Sinônimos | Synonyms    Centro de Estudos Superiores de Maceió - Centro Universitário · 2018MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritos
    Read the text below and answer the following question based on it.


    Loneliness may harm sleep quality for young adults

    Researchers from King's College London have found that young adults who reported feeling lonely were more likely to experience poor sleep quality, daytime tiredness, and poor concentration than their non-lonely counterparts.
    Although loneliness is often perceived as a problem that primarily affects older adults, recent research has suggested that this is not the case.
    However, according to the researchers of the new study, less is known about how loneliness affects the health of young adults - in particular, how it impacts sleep quality.
    "In the present study, we tested associations between loneliness and sleep quality in a nationally representative sample of young adults," say Prof. Louise Arseneault, of the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience at King's, and colleagues.
    The researchers analyzed the data of 2,232 young adults aged 18 to 19 years. They asked the participants four questions to measure their feelings of loneliness, including, "How often do you feel that you lack companionship?" and "How often do you feel alone?"
    Additionally, the researchers gathered information on the participants' sleep quality over the past month, including sleep duration, sleep disturbances, and how long it takes them to fall asleep.
    The analysis revealed that the lonely participants were 10 percent more likely to have poor sleep quality than subjects who did not report loneliness, and they were 24 percent more likely to experience daytime tiredness and problems with concentration.
    These findings remained after accounting for a number of possible confounding factors, including symptoms of anxiety, depression, and other mental health disorders.
    Although the study was not designed to investigate the mechanisms underlying the link between loneliness and poor sleep quality, the researchers have some theories.
    For example, they point to previous studies that have identified a link between loneliness and an increase in the "stress hormone" cortisol, which could lead to sleep disruption.
    Adaptado de: < https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/317563.php?sr> Acessado em 02 de abril de 2018. 
    In the sentence "...the lonely participants were 10 percent more likely to have poor sleep quality than subjects who did not report loneliness..." a synonym for likely is
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 8e31906d-d5
  • 8E2E3C59-D5

    Inglês

    Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension    Centro de Estudos Superiores de Maceió - Centro Universitário · 2018DifícilEntre para guardar nos favoritos
    Read the text below and answer the following question based on it.


    Loneliness may harm sleep quality for young adults

    Researchers from King's College London have found that young adults who reported feeling lonely were more likely to experience poor sleep quality, daytime tiredness, and poor concentration than their non-lonely counterparts.
    Although loneliness is often perceived as a problem that primarily affects older adults, recent research has suggested that this is not the case.
    However, according to the researchers of the new study, less is known about how loneliness affects the health of young adults - in particular, how it impacts sleep quality.
    "In the present study, we tested associations between loneliness and sleep quality in a nationally representative sample of young adults," say Prof. Louise Arseneault, of the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience at King's, and colleagues.
    The researchers analyzed the data of 2,232 young adults aged 18 to 19 years. They asked the participants four questions to measure their feelings of loneliness, including, "How often do you feel that you lack companionship?" and "How often do you feel alone?"
    Additionally, the researchers gathered information on the participants' sleep quality over the past month, including sleep duration, sleep disturbances, and how long it takes them to fall asleep.
    The analysis revealed that the lonely participants were 10 percent more likely to have poor sleep quality than subjects who did not report loneliness, and they were 24 percent more likely to experience daytime tiredness and problems with concentration.
    These findings remained after accounting for a number of possible confounding factors, including symptoms of anxiety, depression, and other mental health disorders.
    Although the study was not designed to investigate the mechanisms underlying the link between loneliness and poor sleep quality, the researchers have some theories.
    For example, they point to previous studies that have identified a link between loneliness and an increase in the "stress hormone" cortisol, which could lead to sleep disruption.
    Adaptado de: < https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/317563.php?sr> Acessado em 02 de abril de 2018. 
    As stated in the text, cortisol, a stress hormone,
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 8e2e3c59-d5
  • 8E2A39D9-D5

    Inglês

    Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension    Centro de Estudos Superiores de Maceió - Centro Universitário · 2018MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritos
    Read the text below and answer the following question based on it.


    Loneliness may harm sleep quality for young adults

    Researchers from King's College London have found that young adults who reported feeling lonely were more likely to experience poor sleep quality, daytime tiredness, and poor concentration than their non-lonely counterparts.
    Although loneliness is often perceived as a problem that primarily affects older adults, recent research has suggested that this is not the case.
    However, according to the researchers of the new study, less is known about how loneliness affects the health of young adults - in particular, how it impacts sleep quality.
    "In the present study, we tested associations between loneliness and sleep quality in a nationally representative sample of young adults," say Prof. Louise Arseneault, of the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience at King's, and colleagues.
    The researchers analyzed the data of 2,232 young adults aged 18 to 19 years. They asked the participants four questions to measure their feelings of loneliness, including, "How often do you feel that you lack companionship?" and "How often do you feel alone?"
    Additionally, the researchers gathered information on the participants' sleep quality over the past month, including sleep duration, sleep disturbances, and how long it takes them to fall asleep.
    The analysis revealed that the lonely participants were 10 percent more likely to have poor sleep quality than subjects who did not report loneliness, and they were 24 percent more likely to experience daytime tiredness and problems with concentration.
    These findings remained after accounting for a number of possible confounding factors, including symptoms of anxiety, depression, and other mental health disorders.
    Although the study was not designed to investigate the mechanisms underlying the link between loneliness and poor sleep quality, the researchers have some theories.
    For example, they point to previous studies that have identified a link between loneliness and an increase in the "stress hormone" cortisol, which could lead to sleep disruption.
    Adaptado de: < https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/317563.php?sr> Acessado em 02 de abril de 2018. 
    Loneliness and poor sleep quality
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 8e2a39d9-d5
  • FDAE64EA-D1

    Inglês

    Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension    UEA · 2018MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritos

    Leia o texto para responder à questão.

    Imagem da questão de Inglês, UEA 2018, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

    (Claire Marshall. www.bbc.com, 15.05.2019. Adaptado.)

    In the excerpt from the fourth paragraph “without penetrating them”, the underlined word refers to
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão fdae64ea-d1
  • FDA9C376-D1

    Inglês

    Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension    UEA · 2018MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritos

    Leia o texto para responder à questão.

    Imagem da questão de Inglês, UEA 2018, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

    (Claire Marshall. www.bbc.com, 15.05.2019. Adaptado.)

    O trecho do terceiro parágrafo “Just like an Magnetic Resonance Imaging scan of the brain helps us to understand how the brain works, this global map of the fungi beneath the soil helps us to understand how global ecosystems work” estabelece uma relação de
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão fda9c376-d1
  • FDA600A0-D1

    Inglês

    Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension    UEA · 2018FácilEntre para guardar nos favoritos

    Leia o texto para responder à questão.

    Imagem da questão de Inglês, UEA 2018, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

    (Claire Marshall. www.bbc.com, 15.05.2019. Adaptado.)

    De acordo com o segundo e o terceiro parágrafos, os pesquisadores
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão fda600a0-d1
  • FDA27B72-D1

    Inglês

    Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension    UEA · 2018MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritos

    Leia o texto para responder à questão.

    Imagem da questão de Inglês, UEA 2018, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

    (Claire Marshall. www.bbc.com, 15.05.2019. Adaptado.)

    De acordo com o texto, a “wood wide web”, conhecida como a “internet das florestas”, corresponde
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão fda27b72-d1
  • 9C0E0F18-C5

    Inglês

    Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension    UEG · 2018DifícilEntre para guardar nos favoritos

    Thematic Discussion on Nuclear Weapons

        The United States remains committed to the goal of nuclear disarmament, and to seeking to create conditions toward that end. And history makes clear that important progress can be made when security conditions allow. The easing of Cold War rivalries allowed the United States and Russia to make significant steps toward the shared dream of eventual nuclear disarmament after decades in which such movement was impossible. Disarmament success is predicated on patience, attention to detail, effective verification, and patient attention to the challenges of effecting the changes in the security environment that are necessary for progress. This last element is critical, considering the crucial role that nuclear deterrence plays in preserving and protecting international peace and security, and the potentially catastrophic consequences were deterrence’s restraining effect to be removed while it still remains necessary.

        The “Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons” violates all these tenets. Its obligations are longstanding worded, imprecise, vaguely worded and sometimes internally contradictory, while offering only an empty shell for verification. Worse, it is fundamentally at odds with today’s security challenges. It is not simply an unproductive instrument; it is likely to be a counterproductive one, with the potential to cause lasting harm to the nonproliferation regime and to the cause of disarmament alike.

        The ban treaty is based on the premise that addressing crucial international security issues is not necessary for disarmament. Ban treaty proponents would have us believe that we can do away with nuclear deterrence despite - to cite just one example - the danger posed by North Korea’s relentless pursuit of nuclear weapons and associated delivery systems, which stand in flagrant violation of international law.

         Furthermore, the Treaty does not contain a credible verification mechanism, demurring on the issue almost entirely. It does run counter to decades of progress in nonproliferation verification by endorsing the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Comprehensive Safeguards Agreement as its standard for safeguarding nuclear material.

        Finally, the ban treaty has the potential to do real damage to the Non Proliferation Treaty (NPT) in other ways. It exacerbates political tensions on disarmament, dividing states into overly-simplified camps of “nuclear weapons supporters” and “nuclear weapons banners,” rather than recognizing shared interests – especially on the challenges involved in creating the conditions that would make possible further disarmament progress. Reinforcing this false dichotomy and worsening the world’s polarization on disarmament will make further progress within the institutions that have been vehicles for success, such as the NPT review process, significantly more difficult.

        Inspired by the NPT Preamble’s acknowledgement of the need to ease international tension and strengthen trust between States in order to facilitate disarmament, the United States stands ready to work with others on effective measures to create improved conditions for nuclear disarmament. This work is focused on overcoming technical challenges to make substantive progress when the security conditions improve. We also continue our longstanding work to support and strengthen the global nonproliferation regime against the many challenges it faces today, for who could deny that there can be no way to envision today’s nuclear weapons possessors ever putting down such tools without rock-solid assurances that no one else will take them up?

        There are no shortcuts to nuclear disarmament. Unrealistic attempts to skip to the finish line have the potential to undermine the institutions and standards we have worked so hard to build. Our collective experience demonstrates that inclusiveness and the search for consensus can lead to progress, while polarization is a recipe for failure. We urge all states to work with us in searching for common solutions to collective problems, pursuing a more secure world.

    Considerando-se os elementos de estrutura e forma da língua inglesa, constata-se que
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 9c0e0f18-c5
  • 9C096EA3-C5

    Inglês

    Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension    UEG · 2018MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritos

    Thematic Discussion on Nuclear Weapons

        The United States remains committed to the goal of nuclear disarmament, and to seeking to create conditions toward that end. And history makes clear that important progress can be made when security conditions allow. The easing of Cold War rivalries allowed the United States and Russia to make significant steps toward the shared dream of eventual nuclear disarmament after decades in which such movement was impossible. Disarmament success is predicated on patience, attention to detail, effective verification, and patient attention to the challenges of effecting the changes in the security environment that are necessary for progress. This last element is critical, considering the crucial role that nuclear deterrence plays in preserving and protecting international peace and security, and the potentially catastrophic consequences were deterrence’s restraining effect to be removed while it still remains necessary.

        The “Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons” violates all these tenets. Its obligations are longstanding worded, imprecise, vaguely worded and sometimes internally contradictory, while offering only an empty shell for verification. Worse, it is fundamentally at odds with today’s security challenges. It is not simply an unproductive instrument; it is likely to be a counterproductive one, with the potential to cause lasting harm to the nonproliferation regime and to the cause of disarmament alike.

        The ban treaty is based on the premise that addressing crucial international security issues is not necessary for disarmament. Ban treaty proponents would have us believe that we can do away with nuclear deterrence despite - to cite just one example - the danger posed by North Korea’s relentless pursuit of nuclear weapons and associated delivery systems, which stand in flagrant violation of international law.

         Furthermore, the Treaty does not contain a credible verification mechanism, demurring on the issue almost entirely. It does run counter to decades of progress in nonproliferation verification by endorsing the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Comprehensive Safeguards Agreement as its standard for safeguarding nuclear material.

        Finally, the ban treaty has the potential to do real damage to the Non Proliferation Treaty (NPT) in other ways. It exacerbates political tensions on disarmament, dividing states into overly-simplified camps of “nuclear weapons supporters” and “nuclear weapons banners,” rather than recognizing shared interests – especially on the challenges involved in creating the conditions that would make possible further disarmament progress. Reinforcing this false dichotomy and worsening the world’s polarization on disarmament will make further progress within the institutions that have been vehicles for success, such as the NPT review process, significantly more difficult.

        Inspired by the NPT Preamble’s acknowledgement of the need to ease international tension and strengthen trust between States in order to facilitate disarmament, the United States stands ready to work with others on effective measures to create improved conditions for nuclear disarmament. This work is focused on overcoming technical challenges to make substantive progress when the security conditions improve. We also continue our longstanding work to support and strengthen the global nonproliferation regime against the many challenges it faces today, for who could deny that there can be no way to envision today’s nuclear weapons possessors ever putting down such tools without rock-solid assurances that no one else will take them up?

        There are no shortcuts to nuclear disarmament. Unrealistic attempts to skip to the finish line have the potential to undermine the institutions and standards we have worked so hard to build. Our collective experience demonstrates that inclusiveness and the search for consensus can lead to progress, while polarization is a recipe for failure. We urge all states to work with us in searching for common solutions to collective problems, pursuing a more secure world.

    De acordo com o texto, em termos de sentido, verifica-se que
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    Thematic Discussion on Nuclear Weapons

        The United States remains committed to the goal of nuclear disarmament, and to seeking to create conditions toward that end. And history makes clear that important progress can be made when security conditions allow. The easing of Cold War rivalries allowed the United States and Russia to make significant steps toward the shared dream of eventual nuclear disarmament after decades in which such movement was impossible. Disarmament success is predicated on patience, attention to detail, effective verification, and patient attention to the challenges of effecting the changes in the security environment that are necessary for progress. This last element is critical, considering the crucial role that nuclear deterrence plays in preserving and protecting international peace and security, and the potentially catastrophic consequences were deterrence’s restraining effect to be removed while it still remains necessary.

        The “Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons” violates all these tenets. Its obligations are longstanding worded, imprecise, vaguely worded and sometimes internally contradictory, while offering only an empty shell for verification. Worse, it is fundamentally at odds with today’s security challenges. It is not simply an unproductive instrument; it is likely to be a counterproductive one, with the potential to cause lasting harm to the nonproliferation regime and to the cause of disarmament alike.

        The ban treaty is based on the premise that addressing crucial international security issues is not necessary for disarmament. Ban treaty proponents would have us believe that we can do away with nuclear deterrence despite - to cite just one example - the danger posed by North Korea’s relentless pursuit of nuclear weapons and associated delivery systems, which stand in flagrant violation of international law.

         Furthermore, the Treaty does not contain a credible verification mechanism, demurring on the issue almost entirely. It does run counter to decades of progress in nonproliferation verification by endorsing the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Comprehensive Safeguards Agreement as its standard for safeguarding nuclear material.

        Finally, the ban treaty has the potential to do real damage to the Non Proliferation Treaty (NPT) in other ways. It exacerbates political tensions on disarmament, dividing states into overly-simplified camps of “nuclear weapons supporters” and “nuclear weapons banners,” rather than recognizing shared interests – especially on the challenges involved in creating the conditions that would make possible further disarmament progress. Reinforcing this false dichotomy and worsening the world’s polarization on disarmament will make further progress within the institutions that have been vehicles for success, such as the NPT review process, significantly more difficult.

        Inspired by the NPT Preamble’s acknowledgement of the need to ease international tension and strengthen trust between States in order to facilitate disarmament, the United States stands ready to work with others on effective measures to create improved conditions for nuclear disarmament. This work is focused on overcoming technical challenges to make substantive progress when the security conditions improve. We also continue our longstanding work to support and strengthen the global nonproliferation regime against the many challenges it faces today, for who could deny that there can be no way to envision today’s nuclear weapons possessors ever putting down such tools without rock-solid assurances that no one else will take them up?

        There are no shortcuts to nuclear disarmament. Unrealistic attempts to skip to the finish line have the potential to undermine the institutions and standards we have worked so hard to build. Our collective experience demonstrates that inclusiveness and the search for consensus can lead to progress, while polarization is a recipe for failure. We urge all states to work with us in searching for common solutions to collective problems, pursuing a more secure world.

    According to the information expressed in the text, we verify that
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    Leia o texto a seguir para responder à questão.


    Digitizing Healthcare: How Technology Is Improving Medical Care 

                                                                                                                        by Tricia Hussung


    A wide variety of digital innovations are revolutionizing healthcare — and technology in medicine is here to stay. How are these changes impacting the delivery of care, and what skills are needed to succeed in this bold new world? It’s no secret that, as a society, technology has become a part of our everyday lives. In fact, almost 60 percent of American adults own a smartphone, and 42 percent of that same population (American adults) owns a tablet computer. Though technology has been permeating almost every aspect of our lives, until recent years the medical field has been largely unaffected by the rapid pace of technological innovation that is characteristic of the Digital Age. However, this is changing.


    This ubiquity of technology is beginning to extend into the medical field. Advances in medical technology are changing medicine by giving physicians more information — as well as better, more specific data. 


    New Medical Technology: Innovations

    So just what are these new advances in technology? The following are just a few of the many innovations that have occurred in medical technology over the past year alone. Some of these leading technologies are still being developed, while others are slowly being introduced into mainstream medical practice.


    • The modern hospital experience: Several medical technology companies are looking to update hospital stays to keep pace with the needs of modern patients. To more easily integrate changing technology, these new rooms would feature interchangeable parts that are easily adapted to the specific situation of a patient. The seamless design would have a minimal impact on facility operations while increasing patient comfort and connectivity.
    • Surgery simulation: The Roswell Park Cancer Institute has partnered with the University of Buffalo’s School of Engineering and Applied Sciences to create the Robotic Surgery Simulator (RoSS). This innovation allows real-world views of surgeries while eliminating the need for a live environment to train aspiring surgeons. It gives these medical professionals the space to experiment in a simulated environment, rather than risking making mistakes on real patients.
    • Cloud-based data and software: Applications like referralMD help healthcare providers create referrals digitally and reach millions of patients and providers who are in search of treatment options. The current, paper method of referrals causes almost 50 percent of patient referrals to never actually result in doctor’s visits. This present gap in care “causes patients to lose treatment (and) the healthcare facility to lose money.” Software innovations like these are part of the relatively new field of health informatics, which aims to collect, store, analyze and present health data in a digital format. 

    With widespread innovations like these affecting patient care practices, it is not surprising that the way medical records and information are stored and shared is changing as well. These technological advancements are costeffective and improve the ability of medical professionals to diagnose and treat health issues of all kinds. Two of the main changes that are revolutionizing the future of healthcare are electronic medical records and health information exchange. Future won´t be the same for medical field. Are you ready for what is coming?


    Disponível em:<https://online.king.edu/news/digitizing-healthcare-how-technology-is-improving-medical-care/> . Acesso em: 09 maio 2018. (Adaptado).



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    Leia o texto a seguir para responder à questão.


    Digitizing Healthcare: How Technology Is Improving Medical Care 

                                                                                                                        by Tricia Hussung


    A wide variety of digital innovations are revolutionizing healthcare — and technology in medicine is here to stay. How are these changes impacting the delivery of care, and what skills are needed to succeed in this bold new world? It’s no secret that, as a society, technology has become a part of our everyday lives. In fact, almost 60 percent of American adults own a smartphone, and 42 percent of that same population (American adults) owns a tablet computer. Though technology has been permeating almost every aspect of our lives, until recent years the medical field has been largely unaffected by the rapid pace of technological innovation that is characteristic of the Digital Age. However, this is changing.


    This ubiquity of technology is beginning to extend into the medical field. Advances in medical technology are changing medicine by giving physicians more information — as well as better, more specific data. 


    New Medical Technology: Innovations

    So just what are these new advances in technology? The following are just a few of the many innovations that have occurred in medical technology over the past year alone. Some of these leading technologies are still being developed, while others are slowly being introduced into mainstream medical practice.


    • The modern hospital experience: Several medical technology companies are looking to update hospital stays to keep pace with the needs of modern patients. To more easily integrate changing technology, these new rooms would feature interchangeable parts that are easily adapted to the specific situation of a patient. The seamless design would have a minimal impact on facility operations while increasing patient comfort and connectivity.
    • Surgery simulation: The Roswell Park Cancer Institute has partnered with the University of Buffalo’s School of Engineering and Applied Sciences to create the Robotic Surgery Simulator (RoSS). This innovation allows real-world views of surgeries while eliminating the need for a live environment to train aspiring surgeons. It gives these medical professionals the space to experiment in a simulated environment, rather than risking making mistakes on real patients.
    • Cloud-based data and software: Applications like referralMD help healthcare providers create referrals digitally and reach millions of patients and providers who are in search of treatment options. The current, paper method of referrals causes almost 50 percent of patient referrals to never actually result in doctor’s visits. This present gap in care “causes patients to lose treatment (and) the healthcare facility to lose money.” Software innovations like these are part of the relatively new field of health informatics, which aims to collect, store, analyze and present health data in a digital format. 

    With widespread innovations like these affecting patient care practices, it is not surprising that the way medical records and information are stored and shared is changing as well. These technological advancements are costeffective and improve the ability of medical professionals to diagnose and treat health issues of all kinds. Two of the main changes that are revolutionizing the future of healthcare are electronic medical records and health information exchange. Future won´t be the same for medical field. Are you ready for what is coming?


    Disponível em:<https://online.king.edu/news/digitizing-healthcare-how-technology-is-improving-medical-care/> . Acesso em: 09 maio 2018. (Adaptado).



    Considering the ideas expressed in the text, medical practice
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