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Questões: Universidade de São Paulo (USP) — com gabarito

1.072 questões de Universidade de São Paulo (USP), de 2009 a 2024. Cada uma tem página própria, com enunciado completo, alternativas e gabarito — e dá para responder na própria página.

  • 1.072 questões
  • 14 provas

Resultados: 315 questões

Página 1 de 16

  • Linguagens

    Inglês

        The expression “dark doldrums” chills the hearts of renewable-energy engineers, who use it to refer to the lulls when solar panels and wind turbines are thwarted by clouds, night, or still air. On a bright, cloudless day, a solar farm can generate prodigious amounts of electricity. But at night solar cells do little, and in calm air turbines sit useless.
         The dark doldrums make it difficult for us to rely totally on renewable energy. Power companies need to plan not just for individual storms or windless nights but for difficulties that can stretch for days. Last year, Europe experienced a weekslong “wind drought,” and in 2006 Hawaii endured six weeks of consecutive rainy days. On a smaller scale, communities that want to go all-renewable need to fill the gaps. The obvious solution is batteries, which power everything from mobile phones to electric vehicles; they are relatively inexpensive to make and getting cheaper. But typical models exhaust their stored energy after only three or four hours of maximum output, and—as every smartphone owner knows—their capacity dwindles with each recharge. Moreover, it is expensive to collect enough batteries to cover longer discharges.
        We already have one kind of renewable energy storage: more than ninety per cent of the world’s energy-storage capacity is in reservoirs, as part of a technology called pumped-storage hydropower, used to smooth out sharp increases in electricity demand. Motors pump water uphill from a river or a reservoir to a higher reservoir; when the water is released downhill, it spins a turbine, generating power. A pumped-hydro installation is like a giant, permanent battery, charged when water is pumped uphill and depleted as it flows down. Some countries are expanding their use of pumped hydro, but the right geography is hard to find, permits are difficult to obtain, and construction is slow and expensive. The hunt is on for new approaches to energy storage.

    The New Yorker. Abril, 2022. Adaptado. 
    No texto, a expressão “dark doldrums” descreve
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 9a494bfe-7a
  • Linguagens

    Português

    Imagem da questão de Português, USP 2022, Funções da Linguagem: emotiva, apelativa, referencial, metalinguística, fática e poética.
    Disponível em https://incrivel.club/admiracao-fotografia/. Adaptado.

    Com base na peça publicitária da Anistia Internacional, é correto afirmar que 
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 9a049607-7a
  • Linguagens

    Português

    I.

    “É indispensável romper com todas as diplomacias nocivas, mandar pro diabo qualquer forma de hipocrisia, suprimir as políticas literárias e conquistar uma profunda sinceridade pra com os outros e pra consigo mesmo. A convicção dessa urgência foi pra mim a melhor conquista até hoje do movimento que chamam de ‘modernismo’. Foi ela que nos permitiu a intuição de que carecemos, sob pena de morte, de procurar uma arte de expressão nacional”.

    HOLANDA, Sérgio Buarque de. O lado oposto e outros lados, 1926.


    II.

    “Trazendo de países distantes nossas formas de convívio, nossas instituições, nossas ideias, e timbrando em manter tudo isso em ambiente muitas vezes desfavorável e hostil, somos ainda hoje uns desterrados em nossa terra”.

    HOLANDA, Sérgio Buarque de. Raízes do Brasil, 1936.

    Os dois excertos do historiador e crítico literário Sérgio Buarque de Holanda salientam que a cultura brasileira somente completará a sua formação quando 
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 99ed2cc0-7a
  • Linguagens

    Português

         “O voto feminino no Brasil completou 90 anos. Desde que a professora Celina Guimarães se alistou para votar em Mossoró, em 1927, e Alzira Soriano, primeira mulher eleita para um cargo público no país, assumiu a Prefeitura de Lajes, em 1929, ambos municípios do Rio Grande do Norte, muita coisa mudou. Em que pesem os avanços legais, o cenário nacional segue desfavorável, e a participação das mulheres na política ainda é irrisória considerando-se o perfil demográfico brasileiro. Mulheres somam 52% dos votantes, mas representam apenas 15% dos parlamentares do Congresso. A maioria da população feminina é negra, ao contrário da parlamentar, que é majoritariamente não negra. Indígena, apenas uma. Verdade que o percentual de participação feminina na Câmara e no Senado cresceu na comparação com legislaturas anteriores. Ainda assim, é pouco. Na prática, a política no Brasil é feita por homens brancos. Dados da União Interparlamentar, que reúne países ligados à ONU, colocam o Brasil na posição 145º do ranking Mulheres nos Parlamentos Nacionais. Numa nação onde em 2021 quatro mulheres foram vítimas de feminicídio por dia, e os casos de estupro voltaram a crescer, já passou da hora de usar a via democrática para tentar mudar esse cenário. É necessário que as mulheres assumam o protagonismo nesse pleito, reivindiquem cabeças de chapas majoritárias e exijam transparência na distribuição dos recursos do fundo partidário. Claro que não há garantias de transformação, mas pode ser uma bela oportunidade de ao menos dar uma sacolejada no jogo e incluir em pauta a discussão de alguns problemas reais do Brasil”.  

    ROSA, Ana Cristina. “Com mulheres na cabeça”. Folha de S. Paulo.
    27.02.2022. Adaptado.

    É correto afirmar que o cenário nacional ao qual se refere a autora do texto 
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 995de431-7a
  • Linguagens

    Inglês

    Imagem da questão de Inglês, USP 2021, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension


    Considerando os elementos visuais e verbais da figura, é possível interpretar a fala da mulher como 

    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão d8998599-73
  • Linguagens

    Inglês

            If you take a look at my smartphone, you’ll know that I like to order out. But am I helping the small local businesses? You would think that if you own a restaurant you’d be thrilled to have an outsourced service that would take care of your delivery operations while leveraging their marketing might to expand your businesses’ brand. However, restaurant owners have complained of lack of quality control once their food goes out the door. They don’t like that the delivery people are the face of their product when it gets into the customer’s hand. Some of the delivery services have been accused of listing restaurants on their apps without the owners’ permission, and oftentimes publish menu items and prices that are incorrect or out of date.

            But there is another reason why restaurant owners aren’t fond of delivery services. It’s the costs, which, for some, are becoming unsustainable. Even with the increased revenues from the delivery services, the fees wind up killing a restaurant’s margins to the extent that it’s at best marginally profitable. Therefore, some restaurants are pushing harder to drive orders from their own websites and offering special deals for customers that use their in-house delivery people.

            The simple fact is that these delivery apps are here to stay. They are enormously popular and have significantly grown. I believe that restaurant owners that resist these apps are hurting their brands by missing out on potential customers. The good news is that the delivery platforms are not as evil as some would portray them. They have some skin in the game. They are competing against other services. They want their listed restaurants to profit. Maybe instead of fighting, the nation’s restaurant industry needs to proactively embrace the delivery service industry and figure out ways to profitably work together.

    The Guardian. 02 December, 2020. Adaptado.

    Em “I believe that restaurant owners that resist these apps are hurting their brands by missing out on potential customers” (3º parágrafo), a expressão sublinhada pode ser substituída, sem prejuízo de sentido, por: 
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão d894453d-73
  • Linguagens

    Português

    A escrita faz de tal modo parte de nossa civilização que poderia servir de definição dela própria. A história da humanidade se divide em duas imensas eras: antes e a partir da escrita. Talvez venha o dia de uma terceira era — depois da escrita. Vivemos os séculos da civilização escrita. Todas as nossas sociedades baseiam-se no escrito. A lei escrita substitui a lei oral, o contrato escrito substitui a convenção verbal, a religião escrita se seguiu à tradição lendária. E sobretudo não existe história que não se funde sobre textos.

    Charles Higounet. A história da escrita. Adaptado.  

    A escrita poderia servir de definição da nossa civilização, uma vez que 
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão d852ebe6-73
  • Linguagens

    Português

    Imagem da questão de Português, USP 2018, Figuras de Linguagem

    O oxímoro é uma “figura em que se combinam palavras de sentido oposto que parecem excluir‐se mutuamente, mas que, no contexto, reforçam a expressão” (HOUAISS, 2001). No poema “Sonetilho do falso Fernando Pessoa”, o emprego dessa figura de linguagem ocorre em:
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão d15ca6d1-f2
  • Linguagens

    Português

    Revelação do subúrbio

    Quando vou para Minas, gosto de ficar de pé, contra a[vidraça do carro*,vendo o subúrbio passar.O subúrbio todo se condensa para ser visto depressa, com medo de não repararmos suficientemente em suas luzes que mal têm tempo de brilhar.A noite come o subúrbio e logo o devolve, ele reage, luta, se esforça,até que vem o campo onde pela manhã repontam laranjais e à noite só existe a tristeza do Brasil. Para a caracterização do subúrbio, o poeta lança mão, principalmente, da(o)
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 851c9efe-ab
  • Linguagens

    Português

    Imagem da questão de Português, USP 2010, Interpretação de Textos

    Um trecho que justifica o título atribuído ao texto é:
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão b2ab7bdd-b1
  • Linguagens

    Inglês

    Imagem da questão de Inglês, USP 2022, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

    No meme, a inadequação da resposta à questão está baseada no efeito de sentido proveniente da presença de 
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 9a645134-7a
  • Linguagens

    Inglês

        The expression “dark doldrums” chills the hearts of renewable-energy engineers, who use it to refer to the lulls when solar panels and wind turbines are thwarted by clouds, night, or still air. On a bright, cloudless day, a solar farm can generate prodigious amounts of electricity. But at night solar cells do little, and in calm air turbines sit useless.
         The dark doldrums make it difficult for us to rely totally on renewable energy. Power companies need to plan not just for individual storms or windless nights but for difficulties that can stretch for days. Last year, Europe experienced a weekslong “wind drought,” and in 2006 Hawaii endured six weeks of consecutive rainy days. On a smaller scale, communities that want to go all-renewable need to fill the gaps. The obvious solution is batteries, which power everything from mobile phones to electric vehicles; they are relatively inexpensive to make and getting cheaper. But typical models exhaust their stored energy after only three or four hours of maximum output, and—as every smartphone owner knows—their capacity dwindles with each recharge. Moreover, it is expensive to collect enough batteries to cover longer discharges.
        We already have one kind of renewable energy storage: more than ninety per cent of the world’s energy-storage capacity is in reservoirs, as part of a technology called pumped-storage hydropower, used to smooth out sharp increases in electricity demand. Motors pump water uphill from a river or a reservoir to a higher reservoir; when the water is released downhill, it spins a turbine, generating power. A pumped-hydro installation is like a giant, permanent battery, charged when water is pumped uphill and depleted as it flows down. Some countries are expanding their use of pumped hydro, but the right geography is hard to find, permits are difficult to obtain, and construction is slow and expensive. The hunt is on for new approaches to energy storage.

    The New Yorker. Abril, 2022. Adaptado. 
    Segundo o texto, quando a geração de energia por células solares ou turbinas eólicas é insuficiente para atender à demanda, uma fonte de energia alternativa envolveria a conversão de 
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 9a50d464-7a
  • Linguagens

    Inglês

        The expression “dark doldrums” chills the hearts of renewable-energy engineers, who use it to refer to the lulls when solar panels and wind turbines are thwarted by clouds, night, or still air. On a bright, cloudless day, a solar farm can generate prodigious amounts of electricity. But at night solar cells do little, and in calm air turbines sit useless.
         The dark doldrums make it difficult for us to rely totally on renewable energy. Power companies need to plan not just for individual storms or windless nights but for difficulties that can stretch for days. Last year, Europe experienced a weekslong “wind drought,” and in 2006 Hawaii endured six weeks of consecutive rainy days. On a smaller scale, communities that want to go all-renewable need to fill the gaps. The obvious solution is batteries, which power everything from mobile phones to electric vehicles; they are relatively inexpensive to make and getting cheaper. But typical models exhaust their stored energy after only three or four hours of maximum output, and—as every smartphone owner knows—their capacity dwindles with each recharge. Moreover, it is expensive to collect enough batteries to cover longer discharges.
        We already have one kind of renewable energy storage: more than ninety per cent of the world’s energy-storage capacity is in reservoirs, as part of a technology called pumped-storage hydropower, used to smooth out sharp increases in electricity demand. Motors pump water uphill from a river or a reservoir to a higher reservoir; when the water is released downhill, it spins a turbine, generating power. A pumped-hydro installation is like a giant, permanent battery, charged when water is pumped uphill and depleted as it flows down. Some countries are expanding their use of pumped hydro, but the right geography is hard to find, permits are difficult to obtain, and construction is slow and expensive. The hunt is on for new approaches to energy storage.

    The New Yorker. Abril, 2022. Adaptado. 
    Na frase “But typical models exhaust their stored energy after only three or four hours of maximum output, and—as every smartphone owner knows—their capacity dwindles with each recharge.” (2º parágrafo), “dwindles” poderia ser substituído, sem prejuízo de sentido, por 
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 9a4d8d4b-7a
  • Linguagens

    Inglês

    Imagem da questão de Inglês, USP 2022, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

    Disponível em https://br.pinterest.com/.


    Em relação à compreensão do idioma inglês, o texto ilustra

    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 99cfd923-7a
  • Linguagens

    Inglês

        From French electronic and Japanese indie to K-pop and Spanish jazz, it’s common for people to listen to songs they don’t necessarily understand. Not knowing the language of the lyrics, it seems, doesn’t stop people from liking—and sometimes even singing along to—a song. Unless the listener is looking up the dictionary meaning of the lyrics, then the dictionary meaning of the lyrics doesn’t make or break their appreciation of a song. But why?
        “It’s a complicated answer,” said musicologist Lisa Decenteceo, adding that it all starts with what’s called “sound symbolism.” Sound symbolism refers to the study of the relationships between utterances and their meaning. This doesn’t have to do only with music. Marketers, for example, can tune into sound symbolism as part of their strategy in coming up with appealing brand names. In music as well as in branding, Decenteceo explained, there’s something about the appeal of words as sounds, beyond their meaning in a language. While things like culture and personal experiences affect people’s responses to different kinds of music, she explained there are certain musical techniques that are generally used to convey certain moods. One of which is scale. “Songs in a major scale usually have brighter, happier sounds, while minor scales usually have the slightly darker, melancholic feel,” explains Thea Tolentino, a music teacher.
        The human brain is wired to respond to sound, she added. In a process called entrainment, the brain “synchronizes our breathing, our movement, even neural activities with the sounds we hear.” This is why fast-paced music is so popular for running, for example, or why some yoga teachers play rhythmic and melodic tracks in their classes. And there are also the things that accompany the words. “Elements of sound and music like pitch, melody, harmony, timbre, and amplitude have an affective, emotional, psychological, cognitive, and even physical impact on listeners. Music adds so much meaning and dimension to texts through a complex of these avenues,” said Decenteceo. What all these things do, she added, is liberate the words. “Song frees the voice from any burden of saying anything meaningful”. It’s important, then, to understand music as a discourse between musical elements. But all in all, Decenteceo said there’s value in whatever immediate appeal people find in the music they listen to, whether or not they understand the words. Music, after all, is the universal language. 

    Disponível em https://www.vice.com/. March, 2022. Adaptado.
    Na frase “there are certain musical techniques that are generally used to convey certain moods” (2º parágrafo), a palavra “convey” poderia ser substituída, sem prejuízo de sentido, por 
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 99c9011e-7a
  • Linguagens

    Inglês

        From French electronic and Japanese indie to K-pop and Spanish jazz, it’s common for people to listen to songs they don’t necessarily understand. Not knowing the language of the lyrics, it seems, doesn’t stop people from liking—and sometimes even singing along to—a song. Unless the listener is looking up the dictionary meaning of the lyrics, then the dictionary meaning of the lyrics doesn’t make or break their appreciation of a song. But why?
        “It’s a complicated answer,” said musicologist Lisa Decenteceo, adding that it all starts with what’s called “sound symbolism.” Sound symbolism refers to the study of the relationships between utterances and their meaning. This doesn’t have to do only with music. Marketers, for example, can tune into sound symbolism as part of their strategy in coming up with appealing brand names. In music as well as in branding, Decenteceo explained, there’s something about the appeal of words as sounds, beyond their meaning in a language. While things like culture and personal experiences affect people’s responses to different kinds of music, she explained there are certain musical techniques that are generally used to convey certain moods. One of which is scale. “Songs in a major scale usually have brighter, happier sounds, while minor scales usually have the slightly darker, melancholic feel,” explains Thea Tolentino, a music teacher.
        The human brain is wired to respond to sound, she added. In a process called entrainment, the brain “synchronizes our breathing, our movement, even neural activities with the sounds we hear.” This is why fast-paced music is so popular for running, for example, or why some yoga teachers play rhythmic and melodic tracks in their classes. And there are also the things that accompany the words. “Elements of sound and music like pitch, melody, harmony, timbre, and amplitude have an affective, emotional, psychological, cognitive, and even physical impact on listeners. Music adds so much meaning and dimension to texts through a complex of these avenues,” said Decenteceo. What all these things do, she added, is liberate the words. “Song frees the voice from any burden of saying anything meaningful”. It’s important, then, to understand music as a discourse between musical elements. But all in all, Decenteceo said there’s value in whatever immediate appeal people find in the music they listen to, whether or not they understand the words. Music, after all, is the universal language. 

    Disponível em https://www.vice.com/. March, 2022. Adaptado.
    De acordo com o texto, os estudos sobre as propriedades do som
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 99c5bf61-7a
  • Linguagens

    Português

    “Mas não medimos os tempos que passam, quando os medimos pela sensibilidade. Quem pode medir os tempos passados que já não existem ou os futuros que ainda não chegaram? Só se alguém se atrever a dizer que pode medir o que não existe! Quando está decorrendo o tempo, pode percebê-lo e medi-lo. Quando, porém, já estiver decorrido, não o pode perceber nem medir, porque esse tempo já não existe”.

    Santo Agostinho. Confissões.

    O tempo físico e o tempo psicológico se diferenciam na medida em que o primeiro se firma na objetividade e o segundo, na subjetividade. De acordo com os argumentos de Santo Agostinho, pode-se dizer que, no romance Angústia, de Graciliano Ramos, a passagem que melhor exprime a duração interior é:  
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 99beb9f4-7a
  • Linguagens

    Português

       Luc Boltanski e Ève Chiapello demonstram com clareza e sagacidade a capacidade antropofágica do capitalismo financeiro que “engole” a linguagem do protesto e da libertação para transformá-la e utilizá-la para legitimar a dominação social e política a partir do próprio mercado.
        Na dimensão do mundo do trabalho, por exemplo, todo um novo vocabulário teve que ser inventado para escamotear as novas transformações e melhor oprimir o trabalhador. Com essa linguagem aparentemente libertadora, passa-se a impressão de que o ambiente de trabalho melhorou e o trabalhador se emancipou.
        Assim houve um esforço dirigido para transformar o trabalhador em "colaborador", para eufemizar e esconder a consciência de sua superexploração; tenta-se também exaltar os supostos valores de liderança para possibilitar que, a partir de agora, o próprio funcionário, não mais o patrão, passe a controlar e vigiar o colega de trabalho. Ou, ainda, há a intenção de difundir a cultura do empreendedorismo, segundo a qual todo mundo pode ser empresário de si mesmo. E, o mais importante, se ele falhar nessa empreitada, a culpa é apenas dele. É necessário sempre culpar individualmente a vítima pelo fracasso socialmente construído.

    SOUZA, Jessé. Como o racismo criou o Brasil. Rio de Janeiro: Estação Brasil, 2021. 
    De acordo com o texto, o uso de "colaborador” no lugar de “trabalhador”, no campo das relações de trabalho, indica  
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 9968dfae-7a
  • Linguagens

    Inglês

            If you take a look at my smartphone, you’ll know that I like to order out. But am I helping the small local businesses? You would think that if you own a restaurant you’d be thrilled to have an outsourced service that would take care of your delivery operations while leveraging their marketing might to expand your businesses’ brand. However, restaurant owners have complained of lack of quality control once their food goes out the door. They don’t like that the delivery people are the face of their product when it gets into the customer’s hand. Some of the delivery services have been accused of listing restaurants on their apps without the owners’ permission, and oftentimes publish menu items and prices that are incorrect or out of date.

            But there is another reason why restaurant owners aren’t fond of delivery services. It’s the costs, which, for some, are becoming unsustainable. Even with the increased revenues from the delivery services, the fees wind up killing a restaurant’s margins to the extent that it’s at best marginally profitable. Therefore, some restaurants are pushing harder to drive orders from their own websites and offering special deals for customers that use their in-house delivery people.

            The simple fact is that these delivery apps are here to stay. They are enormously popular and have significantly grown. I believe that restaurant owners that resist these apps are hurting their brands by missing out on potential customers. The good news is that the delivery platforms are not as evil as some would portray them. They have some skin in the game. They are competing against other services. They want their listed restaurants to profit. Maybe instead of fighting, the nation’s restaurant industry needs to proactively embrace the delivery service industry and figure out ways to profitably work together.

    The Guardian. 02 December, 2020. Adaptado.

    Segundo o texto, uma das soluções encontradas pelos donos de restaurante para amenizar os problemas com os serviços de entrega é 
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão d891983d-73
  • Linguagens

    Inglês

            If you take a look at my smartphone, you’ll know that I like to order out. But am I helping the small local businesses? You would think that if you own a restaurant you’d be thrilled to have an outsourced service that would take care of your delivery operations while leveraging their marketing might to expand your businesses’ brand. However, restaurant owners have complained of lack of quality control once their food goes out the door. They don’t like that the delivery people are the face of their product when it gets into the customer’s hand. Some of the delivery services have been accused of listing restaurants on their apps without the owners’ permission, and oftentimes publish menu items and prices that are incorrect or out of date.

            But there is another reason why restaurant owners aren’t fond of delivery services. It’s the costs, which, for some, are becoming unsustainable. Even with the increased revenues from the delivery services, the fees wind up killing a restaurant’s margins to the extent that it’s at best marginally profitable. Therefore, some restaurants are pushing harder to drive orders from their own websites and offering special deals for customers that use their in-house delivery people.

            The simple fact is that these delivery apps are here to stay. They are enormously popular and have significantly grown. I believe that restaurant owners that resist these apps are hurting their brands by missing out on potential customers. The good news is that the delivery platforms are not as evil as some would portray them. They have some skin in the game. They are competing against other services. They want their listed restaurants to profit. Maybe instead of fighting, the nation’s restaurant industry needs to proactively embrace the delivery service industry and figure out ways to profitably work together.

    The Guardian. 02 December, 2020. Adaptado.

    De acordo com o texto, para os proprietários de restaurante, a principal vantagem dos aplicativos de entrega de comida é que eles  
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão d88e8817-73