Questões: Centro de Educação Superior a Distância do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (CEDERJ) — com gabarito

 Texto 2

 Texto 2

Texto 1

Considere os fragmentos I e II.

I “Não só porque os ouço, mas também porque passei a fazer um.” (linhas 6-7)

II Encontrar podcasts para ouvir é tão simples quanto encontrar qualquer outro conteúdo na rede:...” (linhas 22-23)

Em cada um dos fragmentos, as duas expressões sublinhadas veiculam, respectivamente, uma relação de:

TEXTO 3

A tirinha em tela foi publicada às vésperas do dia internacional da mulher deste ano de 2019. A referência à data está expressa na placa que a menina carrega: “8M” (8 de março).

Nos enunciados “A LUTA”, “HÁ LUTA” e “À LUTA”, observam-se três

TEXTO 2

MINHA INFÂNCIA (trecho)

(Freudiana)

Cora Coralina

A rua... a rua!...

(Atração lúdica, anseio vivo da criança,

mundo sugestivo de maravilhosas descobertas)

- proibida às meninas do meu tempo.

Rígidos preconceitos familiares,

normas abusivas de educação

- emparedavam.

Na quietude sepulcral da casa,

era proibida, incomodava, a fala alta,

a risada franca, o grito espontâneo,

a turbulência ativa das crianças.

Contenção. motivação.Comportamento estreito,

limitando, estreitando exuberâncias,

pisando sensibilidades.

A gesta* dentro de mim...

Um mundo heroico, sublimado,

superposto, insuspeitado,

misturado à realidade.

*Gesta: composição poética que narra feitos memoráveis ou heroicos.

CORALINA, Cora.[coordenação, apresentação crítica e biografia Darcy França Denófrio].(Coleção melhores poemas). São Paulo: Global, 2004. (p. 95 a 100).

Cora Coralina (1889-1985), doutora honoris causa pela Universidade de Goiás, membro da Academia Goiana de Letras, recebeu, como poeta e ficcionista, o troféu Jabuti e o prêmio Juca Pato como intelectual do ano em 1984. Cora cursara somente o primário, mas poetara desde os 14 anos.

TELLES, Norma. Escritoras, escritas, escrituras. In: PRIORE, Mary Del. (org.); PINSKY, Carla Bassanezi (coord. de textos). 10.ed. 6a. reimpr. São Paulo: Contexto, 2018. p.408-409.

“A gesta dentro de mim... / um mundo heroico, sublimado, / superposto, insuspeitado, / misturado à realidade.”

Os vocábulos acima sublinhados foram formados, respectivamente, pelos processos de

TEXTO 2

MINHA INFÂNCIA (trecho)

(Freudiana)

Cora Coralina

A rua... a rua!...

(Atração lúdica, anseio vivo da criança,

mundo sugestivo de maravilhosas descobertas)

- proibida às meninas do meu tempo.

Rígidos preconceitos familiares,

normas abusivas de educação

- emparedavam.

Na quietude sepulcral da casa,

era proibida, incomodava, a fala alta,

a risada franca, o grito espontâneo,

a turbulência ativa das crianças.

Contenção. motivação.Comportamento estreito,

limitando, estreitando exuberâncias,

pisando sensibilidades.

A gesta* dentro de mim...

Um mundo heroico, sublimado,

superposto, insuspeitado,

misturado à realidade.

*Gesta: composição poética que narra feitos memoráveis ou heroicos.

CORALINA, Cora.[coordenação, apresentação crítica e biografia Darcy França Denófrio].(Coleção melhores poemas). São Paulo: Global, 2004. (p. 95 a 100).

Cora Coralina (1889-1985), doutora honoris causa pela Universidade de Goiás, membro da Academia Goiana de Letras, recebeu, como poeta e ficcionista, o troféu Jabuti e o prêmio Juca Pato como intelectual do ano em 1984. Cora cursara somente o primário, mas poetara desde os 14 anos.

TELLES, Norma. Escritoras, escritas, escrituras. In: PRIORE, Mary Del. (org.); PINSKY, Carla Bassanezi (coord. de textos). 10.ed. 6a. reimpr. São Paulo: Contexto, 2018. p.408-409.

                   Fake news could ruin social media, but there’s still hope

by: Guðrun í Jákupsstovu

Camille Francois, director of research and analysis at Graphika, told the audience of her talk at TNW Conference:

“Disinformation campaigns, or fake news is a concept we’ve known about for years, but few people realize how varied the concept can be and how many forms it comes in. When the first instances of fake news started to surface, they were connected with bots. These flooded conversations with alternative stories in order to create noise and, in turn, silence what was actually being said”.

According to Francois, today’s disinformation campaigns are far more varied than just bots – and much harder to detect. For example, targeted harassment campaigns are carried out against journalists and human-rights activists who are critical of governments or big organizations.

“We see this kind of campaigns happening at large scale in countries like the Philippines, Turkey, Ecuador, and Venezuela. The point of these campaigns is to flood the narrative these people try to create with so much noise that their original message gets silenced, their reputation gets damaged, and their credibility undermined. I call this patriotic trolling.”

There are also examples of disinformation campaigns mobilizing people. This was evident during the US elections in 2016 when many fake events suddenly started popping up on Facebook. One Russian Facebook page “organized” an anti-Islam event, while another “organized” a pro-Islam demonstration. The two fake events gathered activists to the same street in Texas, leading to a stand-off.

Francois explains how amazed she is that, in spite of social media being the main medium for these different disinformation campaigns, actual people also still use it to protest properly.

If we look at countries, like Turkey – where there’s a huge amount of censorship and smear campaigns directed at human right defenders and journalists – citizens around the world and in those places still use social media to denounce corruption, to organize human rights movements and this proves that we still haven’t lost the battle of who owns social media.

This is an ongoing battle, and it lets us recognize the actors who are trying to remove the option for people to use social media for good. But everyday you still have people all over the world turning to social media to support their democratic activities. This gives me hope and a desire to protect people’s ability to use social media for good, for denouncing corruption and protecting human rights.

Adapted from:<https://thenextweb.com/socialmedia/2018/05/25/> . Access 09 Oct. 2018.

Glossary

bot: (short for "robot"): um programa automático que roda na Internet; to flood: inundar; trolling: fazer postagem deliberadamente ofensiva para provocar alguém; popping up: surgir, aparecer; stand-off: impasse: smear campaigns: campanhas de difamação.

                  So You Want to Be a Space Tourist? Here Are Your Options

by Adam Mann / Jul.21.2017 /11:30 AM ET

      Though we’ve been living in the Space Age for more than half a century, going into space remains an extreme rarity. Fewer than 600 people have gone above the Kármán line — the point, about 62 miles above Earth, that marks the beginning of space — and all were put there by the U.S. or another nation's government.

      But the rise of private spaceflight companies like Virgin Galactic and Space X means that the final frontier may soon be within reach of a great many more of us. The firms have announced plans to put private astronauts, a.k.a. space tourists, on orbital or suborbital flights within the next few years.

      Initially, the cost of a ride on one of these rockets will be hundreds of thousands of dollars at a minimum. That puts the experience within reach of only the wealthiest people. But advances in rocket and capsule design are expected to lower the price to the point that people of more modest fortunes are able to afford a ticket.

      Some projections put the global space tourism market at approximately $34 billion by 2021.

                           What Space Tourists Can Expect

      What exactly is in store for space tourists? The excitement of a rocket ride and a chance to experience weightlessness, for starters. And the bragging rights are hard to beat. But some say the biggest benefit of going into space is getting a dramatic new outlook on life on the fragile blue marble we call home. It’s a perspective shift that could have profound implications not just for individuals but also for society at large.

      “I personally believe the planetary perspective is going to be crucial to solving humanity’s biggest challenges over the next century,” says Virgin Galactic CEO George Whitesides. “I’m inspired that we’ll take people up so they can experience that view, which is said to change your world view in a fundamental way.”

Adapted from: https://www.nbcnews.com/mach/science/so-you-want-be-space-tourist-here-are-your-options-ncna784166

Glossary

weightlessness: ausência de peso; bragging rights: direito de gabar-se; to afford: poder comprar.

“Em alguns desenhos não há sol. As árvores aparecem desertas de frutos e sem raiz, com a casa a poucos milímetros do chão.” (linhas 4-6)

A construção do enunciado acima configura uma estrutura de

Read the text below and answer the questions which follow it.

TechTank

Political polarization on Facebook

Darrell M. West and Joshua Bleiberg.

Wednesday, May 13, 2015

      Social scientists have built a large body of evidence that people tend to befriend others with similar political beliefs. The research demonstrates that the polarization phenomenon also applies to social networks, like Facebook. The study finds that a Facebook user has approximately five friends with similar political views and only one friend on the other side of the spectrum. In a democracy, to encounter a variety of political opinions is generally seen as a positive value for citizens.

      Facebook is not just a social network. It’s the platform that millions of people use to learn about current events. Taking small steps to help combat political polarization in the long run will add to the trust that users have in Facebook.

Adapted from:<https://www.brookings.edu/blog/techtank/2015/05/13/political-polarization-on-facebook/>. 

“Escuso contar o que se passou depois. Quem não sabe a história simples e eterna de um amor inocente, que começa por um olhar, passa ao sorriso, chega ao aperto de mão às escondidas e acaba afinal por um beijo e por um sim, palavras sinônimas no dicionário do coração? ” (linhas 17-22)

O trecho sublinhado exemplifica a figura de linguagem:

“A viuvinha” é uma das mais conhecidas obras do Romantismo Brasileiro.

A estrutura do fragmento em tela, é de um texto