Questões: Faculdade de Medicina de Marília — com gabarito

         Drinking coffee could help you live longer Coffee not only helps you feel full of beans, it might add years to your life as well, two major studies have shown. Scientists in Europe and the US have uncovered the clearest evidence yet that drinking coffee reduces the risk of death.

         One study of more than half a million people from 10 European countries found that men who downed at least three cups of coffee a day were 18% less likely to die from any cause than non-coffee drinkers. Women drinking the same amount benefited less, but still experienced an 8% reduction in mortality over the period measured.

        Similar results were reported by American scientists who conducted a separate investigation, recruiting 185855 participants from different ethnic backgrounds. Irrespective of ethnicity, people who drank two to three cups of coffee daily had an 18% reduced risk of death.

        Each of the studies, both published in the journal Annals of Internal Medicine, showed no advantage from drinking either caffeinated or decaffeinated coffee. Experts believe the antioxidant plant compounds in coffee rather than caffeine are responsible for the life-extending effect. Previous research has suggested that drinking coffee can reduce the risk of heart disease, diabetes, liver disease, and some cancers.

         Dr Marc Gunter, from the International Agency for Research on Cancer, who led the European study with colleagues from Imperial College London, said: “We found that higher coffee consumption was associated with a lower risk of death from any cause and specifically for circulatory diseases and digestive diseases. Importantly, these results were similar across all of the 10 European countries, with variable coffee drinking habits and customs. Our study also offers important insights into the possible mechanisms for the beneficial health effects of coffee.”

(www.huffingtonpost.co.uk, 11.07.2017. Adaptado.)

         Drinking coffee could help you live longer Coffee not only helps you feel full of beans, it might add years to your life as well, two major studies have shown. Scientists in Europe and the US have uncovered the clearest evidence yet that drinking coffee reduces the risk of death.

         One study of more than half a million people from 10 European countries found that men who downed at least three cups of coffee a day were 18% less likely to die from any cause than non-coffee drinkers. Women drinking the same amount benefited less, but still experienced an 8% reduction in mortality over the period measured.

        Similar results were reported by American scientists who conducted a separate investigation, recruiting 185855 participants from different ethnic backgrounds. Irrespective of ethnicity, people who drank two to three cups of coffee daily had an 18% reduced risk of death.

        Each of the studies, both published in the journal Annals of Internal Medicine, showed no advantage from drinking either caffeinated or decaffeinated coffee. Experts believe the antioxidant plant compounds in coffee rather than caffeine are responsible for the life-extending effect. Previous research has suggested that drinking coffee can reduce the risk of heart disease, diabetes, liver disease, and some cancers.

         Dr Marc Gunter, from the International Agency for Research on Cancer, who led the European study with colleagues from Imperial College London, said: “We found that higher coffee consumption was associated with a lower risk of death from any cause and specifically for circulatory diseases and digestive diseases. Importantly, these results were similar across all of the 10 European countries, with variable coffee drinking habits and customs. Our study also offers important insights into the possible mechanisms for the beneficial health effects of coffee.”

(www.huffingtonpost.co.uk, 11.07.2017. Adaptado.)

A figura representa um satélite geoestacionário em movimento circular e uniforme a uma distância (d) da superfície da Terra. A trajetória desse satélite está contida no plano equatorial terrestre e seu período de translação é igual ao de rotação da Terra, cerca de 24h.

Considerando que o raio equatorial da Terra mede R e adotando π = 3, a velocidade orbital desse satélite é de

Um raio de luz monocromático propaga-se por um meio A,que apresenta índice de refração absoluto nA = 1, e passapara outro meio B, de índice de refração nB = √2, conforme a figura

Considere que o raio incidente forma com a normal à superfície o ângulo de 45º. Nessas condições, o ângulo de desvio (d), indicado na figura, é igual a

A figura representa um instrumento musical de sopro constituído por um tubo de comprimento L, aberto nas duas extremidades. Ao soprar esse instrumento, estimula-se a vibração do ar, produzindo ondas estacionárias, que se propagam com velocidade (v), dentro desse tubo, conforme a figura.

Considerando essas informações, a frequência do som emitido por esse instrumento será

Raios cósmicos constantemente arrancam elétrons das moléculas do ar da atmosfera terrestre. Esses elétrons se movimentam livremente, ficando sujeitos às forças eletrostáticas associadas ao campo elétrico existente na região que envolve a Terra. Considere que, em determinada região da atmosfera, atue um campo elétrico uniforme de intensidade E = 100 N/C, conforme representado na figura.

Se um elétron de carga 1,6 × 10–19 C e de massa desprezível, sujeito a uma força constante, se movimenta verticalmente para cima nessa região, percorrendo uma distância d = 500 m, a variação de energia potencial elétrica sofrida por ele, nesse trajeto, será de

A tabela apresenta parte das informações contidas em uma conta de energia elétrica de determinada residência.

Considere que, nessa residência, 8 lâmpadas de 60 W fiquem acessas durante 4 horas por dia, durante um mês de 30 dias. O valor a ser pago por esse consumo será de