Prova de 2017: Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC) — questões com gabarito

Figura 3

Fonte: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2B9unRdTvXw

Na Figura 3 é mostrado um cariótipo. Analise as proposições em relação aos cariótipos e assinale (V) para verdadeira e (F) para falsa.

( ) Pelo cariótipo apresentado, pode-se deduzir que o número haploide (n) desta espécie é igual a 23.

( ) Neste cariótipo são observados 23 pares de homólogos.

( ) Constata-se um caso de trissomia com translocação no par de número 22, neste cariótipo.

( ) Neste cariótipo o primeiro par de cromossomos homólogos é do tipo metacêntrico.

( ) Se este cariótipo fosse um indivíduo que apresentasse Mosaisismo poder-se-ia encontrar cariótipos diferentes.

Assinale a alternativa que contém a sequência correta, de cima para baixo.

No quadro a seguir, as colunas A, B e C indicam, respectivamente, glândulas, hormônios e suas ações.

Coluna A

Glândula

I - Hipófise

II - Ovário

III - Testículo

Coluna B

Hormônio

A) - FSH 

B) - LH

C) - Prolactina

D) - Estrógeno

E) - Progesterona

F) - Testosterona

Coluna C

Principais ações

1) Maturação dos órgãos reprodutores.   

2) Desenvolvimento das glândulas mamárias.  

3) Estimula o desenvolvimento do folículo, a secreção de estrógeno e a ovulação.

4) Estimula a ovulação.

5) Estimula a produção de leite após o desenvolvimento das glândulas mamárias.

6) Desenvolvimento de características sexuais secundárias.

Adaptado de Amabis e Martho, Biologia dos Organismos, vol 2, 2ª ed., Moderna, p. 574

Assinale a alternativa que contempla todas as associações corretas.

TEXT 1

Fruit Juice, in Moderation, Not Tied to Obesity in Children

…………………….experts believe that drinking fruit juice may lead to obesity in children, but a new review has found that juice in moderation does not cause excess weight gain in children under 18.

Researchers pooled data……………… eight prospective observational studies of the association between regular 100 percent fruit juice consumption and weight gain. The analysis, published in Pediatrics, includes 34,470 boys and girls under 18.

The studies used something called the B.M.I. z score, …………………….statistically adjusts body mass index according to age. Changes in these scores of 0.25 to 0.50 are generally considered to put the child at risk for obesity.

After controlling for total energy intake, birth weight, ethnicity and other factors, a 6- to 8-ounce daily serving of 100 percent fruit juice was associated with a 0.087 unit average increase in B.M.I. z score in children 1 to 6 — equivalent to about 0.3 pounds. In those 7 to 18, there was no link ……………….. all between drinking fruit juice and weight gain.

The lead author, Dr. Brandon J. Auerbach, an acting instructor in medicine at the University of Washington, said that based ……………………. the current evidence, “consuming one daily serving of fruit juice is not associated with weight gain in children. So fruit juice in moderation, not more than a serving a day, is safe.”

By NICHOLAS BAKALAR. Avaiable at: www.nytimes.com/section/health. (accessed on March 27th, 2017)

Answer the question, according to Text 1

TEXT 1

Fruit Juice, in Moderation, Not Tied to Obesity in Children

…………………….experts believe that drinking fruit juice may lead to obesity in children, but a new review has found that juice in moderation does not cause excess weight gain in children under 18.

Researchers pooled data……………… eight prospective observational studies of the association between regular 100 percent fruit juice consumption and weight gain. The analysis, published in Pediatrics, includes 34,470 boys and girls under 18.

The studies used something called the B.M.I. z score, …………………….statistically adjusts body mass index according to age. Changes in these scores of 0.25 to 0.50 are generally considered to put the child at risk for obesity.

After controlling for total energy intake, birth weight, ethnicity and other factors, a 6- to 8-ounce daily serving of 100 percent fruit juice was associated with a 0.087 unit average increase in B.M.I. z score in children 1 to 6 — equivalent to about 0.3 pounds. In those 7 to 18, there was no link ……………….. all between drinking fruit juice and weight gain.

The lead author, Dr. Brandon J. Auerbach, an acting instructor in medicine at the University of Washington, said that based ……………………. the current evidence, “consuming one daily serving of fruit juice is not associated with weight gain in children. So fruit juice in moderation, not more than a serving a day, is safe.”

By NICHOLAS BAKALAR. Avaiable at: www.nytimes.com/section/health. (accessed on March 27th, 2017)

Answer the question, according to Text 1

TEXT 1

Fruit Juice, in Moderation, Not Tied to Obesity in Children

…………………….experts believe that drinking fruit juice may lead to obesity in children, but a new review has found that juice in moderation does not cause excess weight gain in children under 18.

Researchers pooled data……………… eight prospective observational studies of the association between regular 100 percent fruit juice consumption and weight gain. The analysis, published in Pediatrics, includes 34,470 boys and girls under 18.

The studies used something called the B.M.I. z score, …………………….statistically adjusts body mass index according to age. Changes in these scores of 0.25 to 0.50 are generally considered to put the child at risk for obesity.

After controlling for total energy intake, birth weight, ethnicity and other factors, a 6- to 8-ounce daily serving of 100 percent fruit juice was associated with a 0.087 unit average increase in B.M.I. z score in children 1 to 6 — equivalent to about 0.3 pounds. In those 7 to 18, there was no link ……………….. all between drinking fruit juice and weight gain.

The lead author, Dr. Brandon J. Auerbach, an acting instructor in medicine at the University of Washington, said that based ……………………. the current evidence, “consuming one daily serving of fruit juice is not associated with weight gain in children. So fruit juice in moderation, not more than a serving a day, is safe.”

By NICHOLAS BAKALAR. Avaiable at: www.nytimes.com/section/health. (accessed on March 27th, 2017)

Answer the question, according to Text 1

TEXT 2

Dilbert Classics by Scott Adams. Avaiable at: http://www.gocomics.com/dilbert-classics (accessed on March 27th, 2017)

Answer the question, according to Text 2.

TEXT 2

Dilbert Classics by Scott Adams. Avaiable at: http://www.gocomics.com/dilbert-classics (accessed on March 27th, 2017)

Answer the question, according to Text 2.

TEXT 2

Dilbert Classics by Scott Adams. Avaiable at: http://www.gocomics.com/dilbert-classics (accessed on March 27th, 2017)

Answer the question, according to Text 2.

TEXT 3

Before the wall: life along the U.S. - Mexico border

President´s Trump executive order to begin the construction of a wall between the United States and Mexico has left many wondering what it will mean for them and the future. For nearly 700 miles along the American border with Mexico, a wall already exists.

It passes through the silt deserts of Sonora, where cacti grow like organ pipes. Farther east, heavy steel X-frames cut through the flat miles of sun-bleached grass like battlefield markers. In Texas, the red-tinged beams that make up parts of the border fence are cold, hard and rough to the touch. In Tijuana, two fences – one old, the other more recent – plunge all the way into the ocean, where waves corrode the stanchioned metal.

The border spans 1,900 miles across four states – California, New Mexico, Arizona and Texas. Where a fence already stands, the surrounding dirt and grass tell the stories of those who try to cross it, those who patrol it and those who live next to it.

There are old cell phones between the beams. Wind-torn plastic bags with toothpaste and toothbrushes inside. Discarded clothing. Scattered sunflower seeds, spit out by Border Patrol agents sitting in their vehicles as they watch, and watch, and watch.

About 40 miles past Ciudad Juárez, the wall of metal mesh abruptly ends, like a half-finished thought. The remaining border is marked by the Rio Grande. But hundreds of miles in rural Texas, including Big Bend National Park, are unfenced and lack any man-made barriers or walls whatsoever.

by Azam Ahmed, Manny Fernandez and Paulina Villegas. Avaiable at: www.nytimes.com. (accessed on March 27th, 2017)

Answer the question and, according to Text 3.

TEXT 3

Before the wall: life along the U.S. - Mexico border

President´s Trump executive order to begin the construction of a wall between the United States and Mexico has left many wondering what it will mean for them and the future. For nearly 700 miles along the American border with Mexico, a wall already exists.

It passes through the silt deserts of Sonora, where cacti grow like organ pipes. Farther east, heavy steel X-frames cut through the flat miles of sun-bleached grass like battlefield markers. In Texas, the red-tinged beams that make up parts of the border fence are cold, hard and rough to the touch. In Tijuana, two fences – one old, the other more recent – plunge all the way into the ocean, where waves corrode the stanchioned metal.

The border spans 1,900 miles across four states – California, New Mexico, Arizona and Texas. Where a fence already stands, the surrounding dirt and grass tell the stories of those who try to cross it, those who patrol it and those who live next to it.

There are old cell phones between the beams. Wind-torn plastic bags with toothpaste and toothbrushes inside. Discarded clothing. Scattered sunflower seeds, spit out by Border Patrol agents sitting in their vehicles as they watch, and watch, and watch.

About 40 miles past Ciudad Juárez, the wall of metal mesh abruptly ends, like a half-finished thought. The remaining border is marked by the Rio Grande. But hundreds of miles in rural Texas, including Big Bend National Park, are unfenced and lack any man-made barriers or walls whatsoever.

by Azam Ahmed, Manny Fernandez and Paulina Villegas. Avaiable at: www.nytimes.com. (accessed on March 27th, 2017)

Answer the question and, according to Text 3.

TEXTO 4

A PARTE BOA ERA LU.

TENTOU ESCOLA.

DOIS DIAS.

NO TERCEIRO,

SE JOGOU NO CHÃO.

NEM ARRASTADO.

JÁ NÃO FALAVA,

DESCONFIARAM:

ELE ESTAVA COM

ALGUM PROBLEMA.

SÓ PODIA SER A MÃE.

FUGIU DALI.

ISSO DÁ PROBLEMA,

MÃE FUGIR.

TODO MUNDO ACHA.

PROBLEMA CERTO.

CLARO QUE É.

MAS TINHA MAIS.

LU PODIA NÃO FALAR,

MAS COMPUTAVA.

E A MÃE LEVOU O NOTE.

ESTÁ CERTO.

RUIM, MÃE IR.

MAS LU POUCO A VIA.

ERA CHEGADA

A UMA BALADA.

ALI, NO MEIO DO NADA.

QUEM CUIDAVA DELE

ERA O PAI.

SEMPRE FOI.

SEM A MÃE, FOI RUIM.

SEM O NOTE, FOI PIOR.

DAÍ QUEREREM

UMA BABÁ.

PRESENÇA FEMININA.

PODIA AJUDAR.

E CHAMARAM CARLA.

VIGNA, Elvira. Vitória Valentina.1ª. ed. Rio de Janeiro: Lamparina, 2016.