Prova
110 questões da prova de 2017 de Universidade Estadual do Ceará (UECE), em Física, Geografia, Conhecimentos Gerais, História e mais matérias. Cada uma tem página própria, com enunciado completo, alternativas e gabarito — e dá para responder na própria página.
Leia atentamente o seguinte enunciado: “Os processos associados aos rios, denominados processos fluviais, enquadram-se, num sentido mais amplo, no conjunto de processos aluviais, que compreendem a erosão, transporte e sedimentação em leques aluviais, rios e leques deltaicos”.
Riccomini, C., Giannini, P. C. e Mancini, F. Rios e Processos aluviais. In. Decifrando a Terra. Teixeira, W. et al. São Paulo. Oficina de Textos. 2001.
Os leques aluviais, presentes em várias regiões de clima árido e úmido, constituem um importante tipo de depósito, com grande importância econômica, uma vez que podem conter ouro e diamantes dentre outros tipos de placer. Dentre as principais características desses sistemas, encontra-se
Atente ao seguinte excerto: “Os solos são corpos naturais da superfície terrestre que ocupam áreas e expressam características (cor, textura, estrutura etc.) da ação combinada dos fatores associados aos mecanismos e processos de formação do solo”.
Palmieri, F. e Larach, J. O I. Pedologia e Geomorfologia. Pág. 70. In. Geomorfologia e Meio Ambiente. Guerra, A. J. T. e Cunha, S. B. da. Rio de Janeiro. 1996. Bertrand Brasil.
Considerando o excerto acima e os conceitos de formação do solo, é correto afirmar que solo pedológico é formado
Leia atentamente o seguinte excerto: “O papel de herói da Inconfidência Mineira cabe ainda a Tiradentes porque ele foi o inconfidente que recebeu a pena maior: a morte na forca, uma vez que o próprio réu, durante a devassa, assumiu para si toda a culpa. Sabe-se, no entanto, que sua morte se deve também em grande parte à acusação dos demais inconfidentes, bem como a sua condição social: pertencente à camada média da sociedade mineira, sem importantes ligações de família, sem ilustração nem boas maneiras”.
Cândida Vilares Gancho & Vera Vilhena de Toledo. Inconfidência Mineira. São Paulo, Editora Ática, Série Princípios,1991. p.45.
Sobre a Inconfidência Mineira, ocorrida em Vila Rica no período da mineração aurífera, é correto afirmar que
A notícia é tomada como um gênero textual da
esfera jornalística que tem como objetivo divulgar
temas da atualidade de maneira imparcial. Na notícia
acima, este objetivo é alcançado pelo enunciador por
meio de alguns recursos linguísticos textuais,
EXCETO pelo(a)
A referenciação textual pode ser definida como a retomada de termos e ideias que garantem a coesão e a progressão de sentido do texto por meio de elementos linguísticos. Um exemplo desse procedimento, ao longo da crônica de Lima Barreto, se dá com o uso do termo “cartomantes”, que é retomado por alguns referentes textuais, estabelecendo diferentes sentidos com estes referentes. Atente ao que se diz a seguir a respeito disso:
I. Ao substituir “cartomantes” pelo termo “pitonisas” (linha 05), o autor pretende mostrar que o trabalho da cartomancia tem uma longa tradição histórica.
II. Ao afirmar, no terceiro parágrafo, que não tem “nenhuma ojeriza pelas adivinhas” (linhas 06-07), o autor recupera cartomantes pelo termo adivinhas, justificando que a prática de adivinhar o futuro cumpre sua função útil e necessária no cotidiano das pessoas, que é a função de iludir.
III. Ao se referir às “cartomantes” pela expressão “dessa gente que lida com o destino” (linhas 11-12), o autor se apresenta numa relação afetuosa de muita proximidade com as cartomantes.
IV. Ao empregar o referente “duas sacerdotisas do invisível” (linhas 21-22) para fazer alusão às “duas senhoras” (cartomantes) (linha 17), o autor procura salientar, ironicamente, a dimensão religiosa do ofício profético da cartomancia.
Está correto o que se afirma em
T E X T
If all of the children who currently are sedentary started exercising every day, societies could save enormous amounts of money in the coming decades and have healthier citizens as a whole, according to a remarkable new study. In the United States alone, we could expect to save more than $120 billion every year in health care and associated expenses. The study is the first to use sophisticated computer simulations to arrive at a literal and sobering societal price tag for allowing our children to be sedentary.
Inactivity is, of course, widespread among young people today. Recent research shows that in the United States and Europe, physical activity tends to peak at about age 7 for both boys and girls and tail off continually throughout adolescence. More than two-thirds of children in the United States rarely exercise at all.
The immediate health consequences for inactive children and their families are worrisome. Childhood obesity, which is linked to lack of exercise, is common, as is the incidence of Type 2 diabetes and other health problems related to being overweight among children as young as 6.
But the long-term financial costs of inactivity in the young, both for them and society as a whole, have never been quantified. So for the new study, which was published this week in Health Affairs, researchers with the Global Obesity Prevention Center at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore and other institutions decided to create a bogglingly complex computer model of what the future could look like if we do or do not get more of our children moving.
The researchers began by gathering as much public data as is currently available about the health, weight and physical activity patterns of all 31.7 million American children now aged 8 to 11, using large-scale databases from the Census Bureau, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and other groups.
The researchers fed this information into a computerized modeling program that created an electronic avatar for every American child today. In line with reality, two-thirds of these children were programmed to rarely exercise and many were overweight or obese.
The scientists then had the simulated children grow up. Using estimations about how calorie intake and activity patterns affect body weight, the program changed each virtual child’s body day-by-day and year-by-year into adulthood. Most became increasingly overweight.
As the simulated children became adults, the scientists then modeled each one’s health, based on obesity-associated risks for heart disease, diabetes, stroke and cancer, and also the probable financial price of dealing with those diseases (adjusted for future inflation), both in terms of direct expenses for hospitalizations, drugs and so on, and lost productivity because of someone’s being ill.
The results were staggering. According to the computer model, the costs of today’s 8- to 11- year-olds being inactive and consequently overweight would be almost $3 trillion in medical expenses and lost productivity every year once the children reached adulthood and for decades until their deaths.
But when the researchers tweaked children’s activity levels within their model, the numbers began to look quite different. If they presumed that, in an imaginary America, half of all children exercised vigorously for about 25 minutes three times a week, such as during active recess or sports or, more ambitiously, ran around and moved for at least an hour every day, which is the amount of youth exercise recommended by the C.D.C., their virtual lives were transformed.
Most obviously, the incidence of childhood obesity fell by more than 4 percent, a change that resonated throughout the simulated children’s lives and society. There were about half a million fewer cases of adult-onset heart disease, diabetes, cancer and strokes in this simulation, and the society-wide costs associated with these illnesses dropped by about $32 billion every year if the children romped about for 25 minutes three times per week and by almost $37 billion if they moved for an hour every day.
The impacts were even more substantial when the researchers assumed that 100 percent of the children who are now sedentary got regular exercise. In this scenario, the annual total costs during adulthood from obesity-associated medical expenses and lost productivity plummeted by about $62 billion when children were active three times a week and by more than $120 billion every year when all of the virtual children played and moved for at least an hour each day.
From: https://www.nytimes.com May 3, 2017
T E X T
If all of the children who currently are sedentary started exercising every day, societies could save enormous amounts of money in the coming decades and have healthier citizens as a whole, according to a remarkable new study. In the United States alone, we could expect to save more than $120 billion every year in health care and associated expenses. The study is the first to use sophisticated computer simulations to arrive at a literal and sobering societal price tag for allowing our children to be sedentary.
Inactivity is, of course, widespread among young people today. Recent research shows that in the United States and Europe, physical activity tends to peak at about age 7 for both boys and girls and tail off continually throughout adolescence. More than two-thirds of children in the United States rarely exercise at all.
The immediate health consequences for inactive children and their families are worrisome. Childhood obesity, which is linked to lack of exercise, is common, as is the incidence of Type 2 diabetes and other health problems related to being overweight among children as young as 6.
But the long-term financial costs of inactivity in the young, both for them and society as a whole, have never been quantified. So for the new study, which was published this week in Health Affairs, researchers with the Global Obesity Prevention Center at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore and other institutions decided to create a bogglingly complex computer model of what the future could look like if we do or do not get more of our children moving.
The researchers began by gathering as much public data as is currently available about the health, weight and physical activity patterns of all 31.7 million American children now aged 8 to 11, using large-scale databases from the Census Bureau, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and other groups.
The researchers fed this information into a computerized modeling program that created an electronic avatar for every American child today. In line with reality, two-thirds of these children were programmed to rarely exercise and many were overweight or obese.
The scientists then had the simulated children grow up. Using estimations about how calorie intake and activity patterns affect body weight, the program changed each virtual child’s body day-by-day and year-by-year into adulthood. Most became increasingly overweight.
As the simulated children became adults, the scientists then modeled each one’s health, based on obesity-associated risks for heart disease, diabetes, stroke and cancer, and also the probable financial price of dealing with those diseases (adjusted for future inflation), both in terms of direct expenses for hospitalizations, drugs and so on, and lost productivity because of someone’s being ill.
The results were staggering. According to the computer model, the costs of today’s 8- to 11- year-olds being inactive and consequently overweight would be almost $3 trillion in medical expenses and lost productivity every year once the children reached adulthood and for decades until their deaths.
But when the researchers tweaked children’s activity levels within their model, the numbers began to look quite different. If they presumed that, in an imaginary America, half of all children exercised vigorously for about 25 minutes three times a week, such as during active recess or sports or, more ambitiously, ran around and moved for at least an hour every day, which is the amount of youth exercise recommended by the C.D.C., their virtual lives were transformed.
Most obviously, the incidence of childhood obesity fell by more than 4 percent, a change that resonated throughout the simulated children’s lives and society. There were about half a million fewer cases of adult-onset heart disease, diabetes, cancer and strokes in this simulation, and the society-wide costs associated with these illnesses dropped by about $32 billion every year if the children romped about for 25 minutes three times per week and by almost $37 billion if they moved for an hour every day.
The impacts were even more substantial when the researchers assumed that 100 percent of the children who are now sedentary got regular exercise. In this scenario, the annual total costs during adulthood from obesity-associated medical expenses and lost productivity plummeted by about $62 billion when children were active three times a week and by more than $120 billion every year when all of the virtual children played and moved for at least an hour each day.
From: https://www.nytimes.com May 3, 2017
