Prova de 2021: Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) — questões com gabarito

‘The Complete Stories,’ by Clarice Lispector

By Terrence Rafferty

July 27, 2015

There’s a whiff of madness in the fiction of Clarice Lispector. The “Complete Stories” of the Brazilian writer, edited by Benjamin Moser and sensitively translated by Katrina Dodson, is a dangerous book to read quickly or casually because it’s so consistently delirious. Sentence by sentence, page by page, Lispector is exhilaratingly, arrestingly strange, but her perceptions come so fast, veer so wildly between the mundane and the metaphysical, that after a while you don’t know where you are, either in the book or in the world. So it’s best to approach her with some caution. For the ordinary reader — that is to say, for most of us — immersion in the teeming mind of Clarice Lispector can be an exhausting, even a deranging, experience, not to be undertaken lightly. (Pack food, water, a first aid kit and plenty of sunblock.)

Her stories are full of strange words, in strange combinations, and her “Complete Stories” is a remarkable book, proof that she was — in the company of Jorge Luis Borges, Juan Rulfo and her 19th-century countryman Machado de Assis — one of the true originals of Latin American literature.

THE COMPLETE STORIES

By Clarice Lispector

Edited by Benjamin Moser

Translated by Katrina Dodson

645 pp. New Directions. $28.95.

(Adaptado de https://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/02/books/review/the-completestories-by-clarice-lispector.html. Acessado em 21/07/20.)

No texto acima, o livro de Clarice Lispector recebe uma crítica

Catherine Fletcher, Tue 4 Feb 2020

The decision by a UK University to close history, modern languages and politics degrees in favour of more “careerfocused” courses has been widely criticised. The problem lies in reducing university education to what sells to employers. A society – and a world – urgently needs people who have the education to think about big issues, which aren’t only scientific or technological: they’re also about the ways that people have made, and continue to make, decisions. The humanities matter. And it matters that students from all backgrounds have the opportunity to join in these world-changing discussions.

Roger Brown, Mon 10 Feb 2020

Catherine Fletcher is completely correct to warn about the damage that current policies are doing to the humanities. But her warning comes much too late. As I and other scholars have shown, the problem started with a government green paper which declared that the fundamental purpose of higher education was to serve the economy. Until we recover the idea that higher education is as much about the public good as anything else, we will never be able to sustain the humanities as an essential component of a balanced curriculum. Unfortunately, there is very little sign that this has been grasped by any of our current policymakers.

(Adaptado de www.theguardian.com/education/2020/feb/10/humanities-are-notthe-right-courses-to-cut. Acessado em 22/05/2019.)

Os textos acima concordam quanto à identificação de um problema nos cursos universitários no Reino Unido, mas divergem quanto

TEXTO 1

antipoema

é preciso rasurar o cânone

distorcer as regras

as rimas as métricas

o padrão

a norma que prende a língua

os milionários que se beneficiam do nosso silêncio

do medo de se dizer poeta,

só assim será livre a palavra.

(Ma Njanu é idealizadora do “Clube de Leitoras” na periferia de Fortaleza e da “Pretarau, Sarau das Pretas”, coletivo de artistas negras. Disponível em http://recantodasletras.com.br/poesias/6903974. Acessado em 20/05/2020.)

TEXTO 2

“O povo não é estúpido quando diz ‘vou na escola’, ‘me deixe’, ‘carneirada’, ‘mapear’, ‘farra’, ‘vagão’, ‘futebol’. É antes inteligentíssimo nessa aparente ignorância porque, sofrendo as influências da terra, do clima, das ligações e contatos com outras raças, das necessidades do momento e de adaptação, e da pronúncia, do caráter, da psicologia racial, modifica aos poucos uma língua que já não lhe serve de expressão porque não expressa ou sofre essas influências e a transformará afinal numa outra língua que se adapta a essas influências.”

(Carta de Mário a Drummond, 18 de fevereiro de 1925, em Lélia Coelho Frota, Carlos e Mário: correspondência completa entre Carlos Drummond de Andrade e Mário de Andrade. Rio de Janeiro: Bem-Te-Vi, 2002, p. 101.)

Apesar de passados quase 100 anos, a carta de Mário de Andrade ecoa no poema de Ma Njanu. Ambos os textos manifestam