Prova de 2019: Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri de Minas Gerais — questões com gabarito

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ASSINALE a alternativa que contém o tema do texto:

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O texto cita diversos exemplos dos sérios efeitos negativos das mídias sociais em adolescentes. ASSINALE a alternativa apresenta o efeito que NÃO consta no texto.

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ASSINALE a afirmativa INCORRETA de acordo com o texto.

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No contexto, a frase "Parents must get off the sidelines and get involved!" (linhas 22 e 23) pode ser entendida como:

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O pronome ―themselves‖ (linha 12) refere-se a: 

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Texto I

While some dictionaries define the word right as ―a privilege,‖ when used in the context of ―human rights,‖ we are talking about something more basic.

Every person is entitled to certain fundamental rights, simply by the fact of being human. These are called ―human rights‖ rather than a privilege (which can be taken away at someone’s whim).

They are "rights" because they are things you are allowed to be, to do or to have. These rights are there for your protection against people who might want to harm or hurt you.They are also there to help us get along with each other and live in peace.

Many people know something about their rights. Generally they know they have the right to food and a safe place to stay.They know they have a right to be paid for the work they do. But there are many other rights.

When human rights are not well known by people, abuses such as discrimination, intolerance, injustice, oppression and slavery can arise.

Born out of the atrocities and enormous loss of life during World War II, the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights was signed in 1948 to provide a common understanding of what everyone’s rights are. It forms the basis for a world built on freedom, justice and peace.

Fonte: Disponível em < https://www.youthforhumanrights.org/what-are-human-rights/ >. Acesso em: 17 de setembro de 2019. (Adaptado)

Entitled to: direito a

Taken away: retirado

Whim: capricho

Allowed: permitido

Get along: se dar bem

Arise: surgir

Born out: nascida

A ideia central do texto compreende:

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Texto I

While some dictionaries define the word right as ―a privilege,‖ when used in the context of ―human rights,‖ we are talking about something more basic.

Every person is entitled to certain fundamental rights, simply by the fact of being human. These are called ―human rights‖ rather than a privilege (which can be taken away at someone’s whim).

They are "rights" because they are things you are allowed to be, to do or to have. These rights are there for your protection against people who might want to harm or hurt you.They are also there to help us get along with each other and live in peace.

Many people know something about their rights. Generally they know they have the right to food and a safe place to stay.They know they have a right to be paid for the work they do. But there are many other rights.

When human rights are not well known by people, abuses such as discrimination, intolerance, injustice, oppression and slavery can arise.

Born out of the atrocities and enormous loss of life during World War II, the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights was signed in 1948 to provide a common understanding of what everyone’s rights are. It forms the basis for a world built on freedom, justice and peace.

Fonte: Disponível em < https://www.youthforhumanrights.org/what-are-human-rights/ >. Acesso em: 17 de setembro de 2019. (Adaptado)

Entitled to: direito a

Taken away: retirado

Whim: capricho

Allowed: permitido

Get along: se dar bem

Arise: surgir

Born out: nascida

De acordo com o texto, é INCORRETO afirmar sobre a Declaração Universal dos Direitos Humanos:

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Texto I

While some dictionaries define the word right as ―a privilege,‖ when used in the context of ―human rights,‖ we are talking about something more basic.

Every person is entitled to certain fundamental rights, simply by the fact of being human. These are called ―human rights‖ rather than a privilege (which can be taken away at someone’s whim).

They are "rights" because they are things you are allowed to be, to do or to have. These rights are there for your protection against people who might want to harm or hurt you.They are also there to help us get along with each other and live in peace.

Many people know something about their rights. Generally they know they have the right to food and a safe place to stay.They know they have a right to be paid for the work they do. But there are many other rights.

When human rights are not well known by people, abuses such as discrimination, intolerance, injustice, oppression and slavery can arise.

Born out of the atrocities and enormous loss of life during World War II, the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights was signed in 1948 to provide a common understanding of what everyone’s rights are. It forms the basis for a world built on freedom, justice and peace.

Fonte: Disponível em < https://www.youthforhumanrights.org/what-are-human-rights/ >. Acesso em: 17 de setembro de 2019. (Adaptado)

Entitled to: direito a

Taken away: retirado

Whim: capricho

Allowed: permitido

Get along: se dar bem

Arise: surgir

Born out: nascida

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Texto II

Originally, people had rights only because of their membership in a group, such as a family. Then, in 539 BC, Cyrus the Great, after conquering the city of Babylon, did something totally unexpected—he freed all slaves to return home. Moreover, he declared people should choose their own religion. The Cyrus Cylinder, a clay tablet containing his statements, is the first human rights declaration in history.

The idea of human rights spread quickly to India, Greece and eventually Rome. The most important advances since then have included:

1215: The Magna Carta - gave people new rights and made the king subject to the law.

1628: The Petition of Right - set out the rights of the people.

1776: The United States Declaration of Independence - proclaimed the right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.

1789: The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen - a document of France, stating that all citizens are equal under the law.

1948: The Universal Declaration of Human Rights - the first document listing the 30 rights to which everyone is entitled.

Fonte: Disponível em< https://www.youthforhumanrights.org/what-are-human-rights/background-of-human-rights.html >. Acesso em: 17 de setembro de 2019.(Adaptado)

Conquering: conquistar

Clay tablet: bloco de argila

Spread: espalhou

Pursuit of: em busca de

O texto II tem como principal ideia

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Texto II

Originally, people had rights only because of their membership in a group, such as a family. Then, in 539 BC, Cyrus the Great, after conquering the city of Babylon, did something totally unexpected—he freed all slaves to return home. Moreover, he declared people should choose their own religion. The Cyrus Cylinder, a clay tablet containing his statements, is the first human rights declaration in history.

The idea of human rights spread quickly to India, Greece and eventually Rome. The most important advances since then have included:

1215: The Magna Carta - gave people new rights and made the king subject to the law.

1628: The Petition of Right - set out the rights of the people.

1776: The United States Declaration of Independence - proclaimed the right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.

1789: The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen - a document of France, stating that all citizens are equal under the law.

1948: The Universal Declaration of Human Rights - the first document listing the 30 rights to which everyone is entitled.

Fonte: Disponível em< https://www.youthforhumanrights.org/what-are-human-rights/background-of-human-rights.html >. Acesso em: 17 de setembro de 2019.(Adaptado)

Conquering: conquistar

Clay tablet: bloco de argila

Spread: espalhou

Pursuit of: em busca de

De acordo com esse texto, é INCORRETO afirmar que: