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Prova de 2018: Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Sul de Minas Gerais (IF Sul - MG) — questões com gabarito

93 questões da prova de 2018 de Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Sul de Minas Gerais (IF Sul - MG), em Português, Matemática, Inglês, Biologia e mais matérias. Cada uma tem página própria, com enunciado completo, alternativas e gabarito — e dá para responder na própria página.

  • 93 questões
  • 9 matérias

Resultados: 10 questões

  • Linguagens

    Inglês

    TEXTO 2:


                     Imagem da questão de Inglês, IF Sul - MG 2018, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

     

                                                                                                        24 March 2018


                 Drivers are being temporarily blinded by modern vehicle

                           headlights, according to an RAC survey.


          Two-thirds of drivers say they are "regularly dazzled" by oncoming headlights even though they are dipped, the survey of 2,061 motorists suggests.

          And 67% of those said it can take up to fi ve seconds for their sight to clear with a further 10% claiming the eff ect on their eyes lasts up to 10 seconds.

    The RAC said advances in headlight technology were causing the problem.

          About 15% of those drivers polled said they had nearly suff ered a collision as a result of being dazzled by other drivers using full-beam headlights.


    'Unwanted risk'


          RAC road safety spokesman Pete Williams said: "The intensity and brightness of some new car headlights is clearly causing diffi culty for other road users.

          "Headlight technology has advanced considerably in recent years, but while that may be better for the drivers of those particular vehicles, it is presenting an unwanted, new road safety risk for anyone driving towards them or even trying to pull out at a junction.”

          All cars sold for road use in the UK have to be fi tted with headlamps that conform to standards set by the EU in line with the UN's World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations.

          A UN working party is currently looking at the issue of headlight glare with its next meeting due to be held at the end of next month.

    Available at: <http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-43525525>

    A pesquisa realizada por uma empresa do Reino Unido constatou que os faróis de veículos modernos
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão b13111c4-ce
  • Linguagens

    Inglês

    Texto para a questão.

    These Are The Laziest Countries In The World, According To The United Nations By Bernadette Deron Published September 6, 2018

    The World Health Organization had hoped to reduce inactivity 10 percent by 2025, but these numbers don't bode well for that goal.
    The World Health Organization (WHO) — the agency of the United Nations concerned with international public health — published a report in The Lancet Global Health on Sept. 5 that outlines which nations get the most (and the least) amount of exercise.

    Details Of The Study
    The survey of 168 nations ranked the countries by most to least active by measuring the exercise habits of a given percentage of each country’s population and then comparing that percentage with those samples of the other countries involved in the study. The WHO defines enough exercise as at least 75 minutes of vigorous activity or 150 minutes of moderately intense activity per week — or any combination of the two. The WHO analyzed statistics and trends across different economic backgrounds, and between genders.

    The Laziest Countries
    Overall, there were only four counties in the world where more than 50 percent of the population did not get enough exercise: Kuwait, Iraq, American Samoa, and Saudi Arabia. So these four countries are effectively the “laziest” in the world. Ultimately the nation with the least amount of physical activity was Kuwait, with 67 percent of its adults not exercising enough.
    Other nations towards the bottom of this list were the United States, which ranked 143rd out of 168 countries. A whopping 40 percent of the U.S.’s population doesn’t get enough exercise — meaning approximately 130 million Americans can’t manage to get 2.5 hours of moderate activity per week. The U.K. also ranked fairly inactive, with only 35.9 percent of their population getting the proper amount. Other more inactive countries included Brazil, with 47 percent, the Philippines with 39.7 percent, Singapore with 36.5 percent, and India with 34 percent of the population not getting enough exercise.
    The Most Active Nations
    In Uganda, only about five percent of their sample population did not exercise enough. China also displayed high rates of activity, with just 14.1 percent of their sample population not getting sufficient exercise. Other fairly active countries included Mozambique, with just over five percent, as well as Myanmar, with around 10 percent of their population insufficiently active.

    Surprising Trends
    According to their survey results, women tended to get less exercise than men, with an overall eight percent difference between the two. The report states:
    “In 159 of 168 countries, prevalence of insufficient physical activity was lower in men than in women, with a difference of at least 10 percentage points in 65 countries, and a difference of more than 20 percentage points in nine countries: Barbados, Bahamas, Saint Lucia, Palau, Iraq, Bangladesh, Trinidad and Tobago, Iran, and Saudi Arabia.” 
    The organization also noted some interesting trends across different economic backgrounds. Generally, people in poorer countries tended to be more than twice as active as richer ones. The report explains that this trend could be related to the fact that those with higher incomes tend to have “more sedentary occupations” and that greater access to automobile transportation results in lesser physical activity.
    After pooling all of the data together, the WHO found that one in four adults the world over does not get enough exercise — which is a pretty jarring statistic. “This puts more than 1.4 billion adults at risk of developing or exacerbating diseases linked to inactivity, and needs to be urgently addressed,” the report states.
    The WHO had previously outlined a goal of lowering global inactivity by 10 percent by the year 2025, but considering the fact that these statistics have not differed much since 2001, the WHO estimates that their goal will likely not be met.

    Disponível em: <https://allthatsinteresting.com/worlds-laziest-countries> Acesso em 10 set. 2018
    As referências dos pronomes its e which, destacados no 3º parágrafo, são, respectivamente:
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 7c755f8d-b3
  • Linguagens

    Inglês

    Leia a tirinha:


    Imagem da questão de Inglês, IF Sul - MG 2018, Voz Ativa e Passiva | Passive and Active Voice

    Fonte: http://englishteachermargarita.blogspot.com


    A construção “... most of our problems are caused by a lack of communication” está na voz passiva. Assinale a opção que a transforma em voz ativa.

    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 7c6eef61-b3
  • Linguagens

    Inglês

    Texto para a questão.

    Brazil National Museum: as much as 90% of collection destroyed in fire
    Building was not insured, the museum’s deputy director said, but some pieces survived including the Bendegó meteorite.

    As much as 90% of the collection at Brazil’s National Museum was destroyed in a devastating fire on Sunday and – compounding the disaster – the building was not insured, according to the museum’s deputy director.
    Some pieces survived, including the famous Bendegó meteorite and a library of 500,000 books – including works dating back to the days of the Portuguese empire – which was kept in a separate annex, Cristiana Serejo told reporters in front of the building’s blackened shell.
    But it was still not possible to say how much of the collection had escaped the flames, Serejo said. “It could be 10%, it could be 15, it could be 20,” she said. “We had a very big loss.”
    The museum’s Egyptology collection was completely destroyed, Serejo said.
    Researchers who were able to enter one area of the building in Rio de Janeiro are starting to catalogue what little is left, said Serejo, who appealed to members of the public to return any items they found.
    Asked if the museum was insured, she screwed up her face in mock anguish, and shook her head.
    “I hope we learn from this,” she said. “Other public buildings are in the same situation.”

    Disponível em: <https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/sep/04/brazil-national-museum-fire-collection-destroyed-notinsured> Acesso em 07 set. 2018 (Adaptado)
    O verbo modal could nas construções “It could be 10%, it could be 15, it could be 20” expressa ideia de:
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 7c6b62f8-b3
  • Linguagens

    Inglês

    Texto para a questão.

    Brazil National Museum: as much as 90% of collection destroyed in fire
    Building was not insured, the museum’s deputy director said, but some pieces survived including the Bendegó meteorite.

    As much as 90% of the collection at Brazil’s National Museum was destroyed in a devastating fire on Sunday and – compounding the disaster – the building was not insured, according to the museum’s deputy director.
    Some pieces survived, including the famous Bendegó meteorite and a library of 500,000 books – including works dating back to the days of the Portuguese empire – which was kept in a separate annex, Cristiana Serejo told reporters in front of the building’s blackened shell.
    But it was still not possible to say how much of the collection had escaped the flames, Serejo said. “It could be 10%, it could be 15, it could be 20,” she said. “We had a very big loss.”
    The museum’s Egyptology collection was completely destroyed, Serejo said.
    Researchers who were able to enter one area of the building in Rio de Janeiro are starting to catalogue what little is left, said Serejo, who appealed to members of the public to return any items they found.
    Asked if the museum was insured, she screwed up her face in mock anguish, and shook her head.
    “I hope we learn from this,” she said. “Other public buildings are in the same situation.”

    Disponível em: <https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/sep/04/brazil-national-museum-fire-collection-destroyed-notinsured> Acesso em 07 set. 2018 (Adaptado)
    O texto acima tem por objetivo
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 7c67fc28-b3
  • Linguagens

    Inglês

    TEXTO 1:


                   YOUTUBE TO BAN VIDEOS PROMOTING GUN SALES

                                                                By NIRAJ CHOKSHI    MARCH 22, 2018


          YouTube said this week that it would tighten restrictions on some firearm videos, its latest policy announcement since coming under scrutiny after last month’s mass shooting at a high school in Parkland, Fla.

          The video-streaming service, which is owned by Google, said it would ban videos that promote either the construction or sale of firearms and their accessories. The new policy, developed with expert advice over the last four months, will go into effect next month, it said.

          “While we’ve long prohibited the sale of firearms, we recently notified creators of updates we will be making around content promoting the sale or manufacture of firearms and their accessories, specifically, items like ammunition, gatling triggers, and drop-in auto sears,” YouTube said in a statement.

          YouTube, which described the move as part of “regular changes” to policy, notified users in a Monday forum post. The company had previously banned videos showing how to make firearms discharge faster, a technique used by the gunman who killed 58 people in Las Vegas last fall.

          The announcement comes days before planned student-led protests against gun violence on Saturday. It was met with frustration from gun rights advocates.

          “Much like Facebook, YouTube now acts as a virtual public square,” the National Shooting Sports Foundation, a private group representing gun makers, said in a statement. “The exercise of what amounts to censorship, then, can legitimately be viewed as the stifling of commercial free speech, which has constitutional protection. Such actions also impinge on the Second Amendment.”

          The policy shift comes as YouTube and other technology platforms face increased scrutiny after the Parkland shooting, in which 17 people were killed at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School.

          Days after that massacre, a video promoting a baseless conspiracy about a shooting survivor became the top-trending video on YouTube, prompting a crackdown on such videos. YouTube’s chief executive also said that the platform planned to fight misinformation by working in partnership with Wikipedia, the nonprofit userrun online encyclopedia. But Wikipedia said it knew nothing about that plan.

          Other businesses have also made changes amid growing pressure following the Parkland attack.

          Dick’s Sporting Goods, Walmart and Kroger all raised the age limit for firearm purchases to 21. The retail chains REI and Mountain Equipment Co-op suspended orders of some popular products because the company that owns those brands, Vista Outdoor, also manufactures assault-style rifles.

          In 2016, Facebook announced a ban on private gun sales on its flagship website as well as on Instagram, the photo-sharing social network it owns. Anti-gun activists have complained that sellers still found ways around Facebook’s ban.

    Available at:<https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/22/business/youtube-gun-ban.h...m_unit&version=latest&contentPlacement=5&pgtype=sectionfront>. 

    A palavra “But” em “YouTube’s chief executive also said that the platform planned to fi ght misinformation by working in partnership with Wikipedia, the nonprofi t user-run online encyclopedia. But Wikipedia said it knew nothing about that plan.” (8th paragraph)
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão b12d383f-ce
  • Linguagens

    Inglês

    TEXTO 3:


    THIS SIMPLE MIND TRICK CAN INSTANTLY BOOST

    YOUR WILLPOWER BY

    ELISA ROLAND


    Imagem da questão de Inglês, IF Sul - MG 2018, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension


    A good dose of willpower is often necessary to see any task through, whether it’s sticking to a spending plan or finishing that great American novel.

    And if you want to increase that willpower, you just simply have to believe you have it, suggests a new study supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation.

    “What matters most is what we think about our willpower,” leader study author Christopher Napolitano, educational psychology professor at the University of Illinois told the University of Illinois News Bureau. “When we view our willpower as limited, it’s similar to a muscle that gets tired and needs rest. If we believe it is a finite resource, we act that way, feeling exhausted and needing breaks between demanding mental tasks, while people who view their willpower as a limitless resource get energized instead.”

    Napolitano and study co-author Veronika Job of the University of Zurich tested the validity of the Implicit Theory of Willpower for Strenuous Mental Activities Scale, a psychological assessment tool. They asked 1,100 Americans and 1,600 Europeans to weigh in on statements such as “After a strenuous mental activity, your energy is depleted, and you must rest to get it refueled again.”

    Although there was little difference between men and women overall, Americans were more likely to admit to needing breaks after completing mentally challenging tasks, while European participants became more invigorated to keep going.

    Based on the findings, Napolitano suggests that the key to amp up your willpower is to believe that you have an abundant supply of it.

    “Your feelings about your willpower affect the way you behave—but these feelings are changeable,” he said. “Changing your beliefs about the nature of your self-control can have positive effects on development, leading to healthier behaviors and perceptions of others.”

    Now that you have the drive, make sure you have the other winning attributes all successful people have in common.

    Available at: <https://www.rd.com/advice/work-career/trick-boost-willpower/>.


    Verifique se as sentenças abaixo são verdadeiras ou falsas de acordo com o texto:


    ( ) Um novo estudo sugere que a chave para aumentar sua força de vontade é acreditar que você tem uma oferta abundante dela.

    ( ) Pessoas que acreditam que sua força de vontade é finita não conseguem realizar tarefas mentais mais exigentes.

    ( ) O estudo revelou que os Americanos eram propensos a admitir a necessidade de pausas após a conclusão de tarefas mentalmente desafiadoras.

    ( ) Segundo Napolitano, os sentimentos sobre a força de vontade afetam a maneira como um indivíduo se comporta, porém esses sentimentos não são mutáveis.


    Assinale a sequência correta:

    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão b1387dbb-ce
  • Linguagens

    Inglês

    TEXTO 2:


                     Imagem da questão de Inglês, IF Sul - MG 2018, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

     

                                                                                                        24 March 2018


                 Drivers are being temporarily blinded by modern vehicle

                           headlights, according to an RAC survey.


          Two-thirds of drivers say they are "regularly dazzled" by oncoming headlights even though they are dipped, the survey of 2,061 motorists suggests.

          And 67% of those said it can take up to fi ve seconds for their sight to clear with a further 10% claiming the eff ect on their eyes lasts up to 10 seconds.

    The RAC said advances in headlight technology were causing the problem.

          About 15% of those drivers polled said they had nearly suff ered a collision as a result of being dazzled by other drivers using full-beam headlights.


    'Unwanted risk'


          RAC road safety spokesman Pete Williams said: "The intensity and brightness of some new car headlights is clearly causing diffi culty for other road users.

          "Headlight technology has advanced considerably in recent years, but while that may be better for the drivers of those particular vehicles, it is presenting an unwanted, new road safety risk for anyone driving towards them or even trying to pull out at a junction.”

          All cars sold for road use in the UK have to be fi tted with headlamps that conform to standards set by the EU in line with the UN's World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations.

          A UN working party is currently looking at the issue of headlight glare with its next meeting due to be held at the end of next month.

    Available at: <http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-43525525>

    A referência da palavra “them” em "Headlight technology has advanced considerably in recent years, but while that may be better for the drivers of those particular vehicles, it is presenting an unwanted, new road safety risk for anyone driving towards them or even trying to pull out at a junction.” (6th paragraph) é:
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão b134d08c-ce
  • Linguagens

    Inglês

    TEXTO 1:


                   YOUTUBE TO BAN VIDEOS PROMOTING GUN SALES

                                                                By NIRAJ CHOKSHI    MARCH 22, 2018


          YouTube said this week that it would tighten restrictions on some firearm videos, its latest policy announcement since coming under scrutiny after last month’s mass shooting at a high school in Parkland, Fla.

          The video-streaming service, which is owned by Google, said it would ban videos that promote either the construction or sale of firearms and their accessories. The new policy, developed with expert advice over the last four months, will go into effect next month, it said.

          “While we’ve long prohibited the sale of firearms, we recently notified creators of updates we will be making around content promoting the sale or manufacture of firearms and their accessories, specifically, items like ammunition, gatling triggers, and drop-in auto sears,” YouTube said in a statement.

          YouTube, which described the move as part of “regular changes” to policy, notified users in a Monday forum post. The company had previously banned videos showing how to make firearms discharge faster, a technique used by the gunman who killed 58 people in Las Vegas last fall.

          The announcement comes days before planned student-led protests against gun violence on Saturday. It was met with frustration from gun rights advocates.

          “Much like Facebook, YouTube now acts as a virtual public square,” the National Shooting Sports Foundation, a private group representing gun makers, said in a statement. “The exercise of what amounts to censorship, then, can legitimately be viewed as the stifling of commercial free speech, which has constitutional protection. Such actions also impinge on the Second Amendment.”

          The policy shift comes as YouTube and other technology platforms face increased scrutiny after the Parkland shooting, in which 17 people were killed at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School.

          Days after that massacre, a video promoting a baseless conspiracy about a shooting survivor became the top-trending video on YouTube, prompting a crackdown on such videos. YouTube’s chief executive also said that the platform planned to fight misinformation by working in partnership with Wikipedia, the nonprofit userrun online encyclopedia. But Wikipedia said it knew nothing about that plan.

          Other businesses have also made changes amid growing pressure following the Parkland attack.

          Dick’s Sporting Goods, Walmart and Kroger all raised the age limit for firearm purchases to 21. The retail chains REI and Mountain Equipment Co-op suspended orders of some popular products because the company that owns those brands, Vista Outdoor, also manufactures assault-style rifles.

          In 2016, Facebook announced a ban on private gun sales on its flagship website as well as on Instagram, the photo-sharing social network it owns. Anti-gun activists have complained that sellers still found ways around Facebook’s ban.

    Available at:<https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/22/business/youtube-gun-ban.h...m_unit&version=latest&contentPlacement=5&pgtype=sectionfront>. 

    O serviço de streaming de vídeo You Tube, anunciou a decisão de
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão b129ada3-ce
  • Linguagens

    Inglês

    Texto para a questão.

    These Are The Laziest Countries In The World, According To The United Nations By Bernadette Deron Published September 6, 2018

    The World Health Organization had hoped to reduce inactivity 10 percent by 2025, but these numbers don't bode well for that goal.
    The World Health Organization (WHO) — the agency of the United Nations concerned with international public health — published a report in The Lancet Global Health on Sept. 5 that outlines which nations get the most (and the least) amount of exercise.

    Details Of The Study
    The survey of 168 nations ranked the countries by most to least active by measuring the exercise habits of a given percentage of each country’s population and then comparing that percentage with those samples of the other countries involved in the study. The WHO defines enough exercise as at least 75 minutes of vigorous activity or 150 minutes of moderately intense activity per week — or any combination of the two. The WHO analyzed statistics and trends across different economic backgrounds, and between genders.

    The Laziest Countries
    Overall, there were only four counties in the world where more than 50 percent of the population did not get enough exercise: Kuwait, Iraq, American Samoa, and Saudi Arabia. So these four countries are effectively the “laziest” in the world. Ultimately the nation with the least amount of physical activity was Kuwait, with 67 percent of its adults not exercising enough.
    Other nations towards the bottom of this list were the United States, which ranked 143rd out of 168 countries. A whopping 40 percent of the U.S.’s population doesn’t get enough exercise — meaning approximately 130 million Americans can’t manage to get 2.5 hours of moderate activity per week. The U.K. also ranked fairly inactive, with only 35.9 percent of their population getting the proper amount. Other more inactive countries included Brazil, with 47 percent, the Philippines with 39.7 percent, Singapore with 36.5 percent, and India with 34 percent of the population not getting enough exercise.
    The Most Active Nations
    In Uganda, only about five percent of their sample population did not exercise enough. China also displayed high rates of activity, with just 14.1 percent of their sample population not getting sufficient exercise. Other fairly active countries included Mozambique, with just over five percent, as well as Myanmar, with around 10 percent of their population insufficiently active.

    Surprising Trends
    According to their survey results, women tended to get less exercise than men, with an overall eight percent difference between the two. The report states:
    “In 159 of 168 countries, prevalence of insufficient physical activity was lower in men than in women, with a difference of at least 10 percentage points in 65 countries, and a difference of more than 20 percentage points in nine countries: Barbados, Bahamas, Saint Lucia, Palau, Iraq, Bangladesh, Trinidad and Tobago, Iran, and Saudi Arabia.” 
    The organization also noted some interesting trends across different economic backgrounds. Generally, people in poorer countries tended to be more than twice as active as richer ones. The report explains that this trend could be related to the fact that those with higher incomes tend to have “more sedentary occupations” and that greater access to automobile transportation results in lesser physical activity.
    After pooling all of the data together, the WHO found that one in four adults the world over does not get enough exercise — which is a pretty jarring statistic. “This puts more than 1.4 billion adults at risk of developing or exacerbating diseases linked to inactivity, and needs to be urgently addressed,” the report states.
    The WHO had previously outlined a goal of lowering global inactivity by 10 percent by the year 2025, but considering the fact that these statistics have not differed much since 2001, the WHO estimates that their goal will likely not be met.

    Disponível em: <https://allthatsinteresting.com/worlds-laziest-countries> Acesso em 10 set. 2018
    Verifique se as alternativas abaixo são verdadeiras ou falsas de acordo com o texto:
    ( ) A fim de identificar os países mais preguiçosos do mundo, The World Health Organization (WHO) analisou estatísticas e tendências de diferentes gêneros e classes socioeconômicas.
    ( ) Nos países onde a população menos se exercita, mais de 50% das pessoas não fazem atividades suficientes.
    ( ) O estudo mostrou que, geralmente, as pessoas dos países mais pobres economicamente são três vezes mais ativas do que as pessoas mais ricas.
    ( ) De acordo com a pesquisa, um em cada quatro adultos não faz atividades físicas, porém não correm o risco de desenvolverem doenças relacionadas à inatividade.
    ( ) Possivelmente, a meta de diminuir a inatividade global em 10% até 2025 não será atingida.

    Assinale a sequência correta:
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 7c71b41a-b3