Questões de Linguagens do ENEM

Assinale com V(verdadeiro) ou F (falso) as afirmações a seguir, relacionadas à obra Noite na Taverna, de Álvares Azevedo.

( ) As citações filosóficas confirmam a temática oposicionista do livro ao abordar: imortalidade da alma x mortalidade da alma; a afirmação do prazer x negação do prazer; a existência de Deus x a inexistência de Deus.

( ) O tema, no segundo capítulo, é a necrofilia, a morte, a catalepsia e o amor obsessivo. Contudo, a necrofilia pretendida por Bertran não se concretiza, uma vez que a defunta acorda durante o coito.

( ) De acordo com Bertran, no terceiro capítulo, em que Satã mostra o mundo a Cristo, e oferece-o a Ele, Bertran o ironiza por decepcionar-se com o mundo ao verificar que este é árido e amargo diante da fome e da sede.

( ) Através do personagem Gennaro, considerado o mais normal de todos os amigos na taverna, a temática abordada no quarto capítulo é o desencontro, a ingratidão, o aborto, o adultério, o sonambulismo, o amor obsessivo, o suicídio e o arrependimento.

( ) A perversão sexual e o amor obsessivo de Arnold permeiam o quinto capítulo, no qual ele propõe a Eleonora a fuga e ou a morte. Eles fogem, porém o Duque Maffio a encontra só, e quando Arnold , que saíra, retorna ao quarto, encontra-os ensopados de sangue no recanto escuro da alcova. ( ) Johann, no sexto capítulo, comete fratricídio e o incesto, contudo, pratica-os sem saber quem era o seu algoz e sua amante.

( ) Pode-se concluir que, na obra, o homem não passa de uma fera, o qual justifica intelectualmente sua conduta, com argumentos tanto filosóficos quanto literários, os quais remetem o leitor ao romance fantástico, remetendo-o a questionamentos profundos sobre temas não muito comuns para discussão.

A sequência correta de preenchimento dos parênteses, de cima para baixo é:

Leia as afirmações sobre Morte e vida Severina, de João Cabral de Melo Neto.

I - Em toda a narrativa, Severino participa como um espectador desde a sua saída da Serra da Costela até chegar ao seu porto seguro, que é a cidade de Recife.

II - Os fatos narrados são marcados pela morte, até o momento do nascimento do filho do mestre carpina, o que prenuncia a esperança de uma vida nova.

III - A linguagem da narrativa é elaborada com precisão, realista, concreta, como se pode perceber no fragmento “Só os roçados da morte/compensam aqui cultivar,/e cultivá-los é fácil:/simples questão de plantar;/ não se precisa de limpa,/ de adubar nem de regar;/ as estiagens e as pragas” [...], em que vê claramente a privação do retirante em ter uma qualidade de vida.

IV - O título da obra é um contraponto partindo-se da premissa de que antes da vida vem a morte, porém a inversão no auto é proposital, para mostrar a miséria e a falta de perspectiva do homem nordestino.

Assinale a alternativa correta sobre as afirmações:

Leia a tira abaixo para responder a questão

Levando-se em consideração os elementos constitutivos da tira, infere-se que:

Read the ad which Sir Ernest Shackleton, the famed explorer of the Antarctica, supposedly printed in the London newspaper The Times.

(https://shackletonequity.com)

Both the ad and the text mention the following aspect of exploratory expeditions: 

    A ocupação das Américas pelo Homo sapiens pode ter mais do que o dobro de tempo do sustentado pelas teorias tradicionais. Segundo dois artigos publicados em 22 de julho de 2020 na revista científica Nature, um deles com participação de pesquisadores da Universidade de São Paulo (USP), populações humanas estavam presentes na América do Norte por volta de 33 mil anos atrás, ainda antes do início do Último Máximo Glacial (UMG). Esse período, entre 26,5 mil e 19 mil anos atrás, representa o intervalo de tempo, durante a mais recente glaciação, em que as geleiras atingiram sua maior extensão no globo terrestre. Embora cada vez mais questionada ao longo das últimas décadas, a tese historicamente dominante na arqueologia norte-americana defende que a primeira cultura estabelecida no continente teria sido a de Clóvis, preservada em sítios de cerca de 13 mil anos, ricos em pontas de lança bifaciais, situados no estado norte- -americano do Novo México.

(Marcos Pivetta. “O homem moderno entrou nas Américas mais de 30 mil anos atrás.” In: Pesquisa Fapesp, 20.08.2020, https://revistapesquisa.fapesp.br. Adaptado.)

Segundo o artigo, a datação da ocupação humana das Américas

A questão se refere ao texto abaixo.

“A atividade que a televisão desempenha no contexto educacional é externa a ela [...] A televisão depende do entorno. Nesse sentido, a televisão está – ou pode estar mais relacionada, paradoxalmente, com a realidade. A atividade gerada na Internet está intrinsecamente unida ao meio. Tudo é feito dentro da Internet. Essa autosuficiência pode levar à endogamia, ao autismo e à ilusão de uma realidade tecnológica que possa substituir o entorno humano. A televisão tradicional tem uma dimensão mais humanóide, porque a relação com o mundo, na televisão, está estreitamente vinculada à imagem antropocêntrica [...] Por isso, a televisão tende a aprisionar o espectador em seu próprio mundo; a fazer com que ele não se interesse pelo que acontece com os outros. A Internet não pode desenvolver-se sem a participação dos usuários. Isso não obriga ninguém a ter interesse social pelo outro, mas a atividade de cada um depende, sim, da atividade do outro.”

VILCHES, L. A migração digital. São Paulo: Edições Loyola, 2003. 

Com base no texto I e II, analise as afirmativas a seguir:

I - Ao enfocar a variedade linguística de se expressar, Bagno enfatiza que o preconceito deve ser combatido, pois há práticas sociais e hábitos culturais diferenciados.

II - Pode-se verificar no texto II o emprego de dialeto, ou seja, uma variedade linguística regional.

III - O uso da linguagem coloquial pode ocorrer em qualquer situação social, independente do meio em que o falante esteja inserido.

IV - O foco do texto I registra-se no texto II, quando o falante se expressa através da gíria: ‘uai, sô’.

Estão corretas apenas as afirmativas:

Multinacionais na Rússia ainda financiam guerra na Ucrânia

    Das 1 387 empresas ocidentais com subsidiárias russas no início da invasão, em 24 de fevereiro de 2022, apenas 241 (17%) abandonaram inteiramente o país. As que permaneceram, geraram naquele ano 177 bilhões de dólares para os cofres nacionais russos.

(www.dw.com, 05.07.2023. Adaptado.)

No contexto econômico e político mundiais, o excerto explicita a contradição entre

PRISONS AND MOBILE PHONES

Bricking the intruders

If mobile phones can’t be kept out of prisons, can they be made useless?

Oct 14th 2010 | RAIFORD, FLORIDA AND PARCHMAN, MISSISSIPPI

THE striking thing about mobile phones in American prisons is not that they exist—though they do, in great numbers—but the ingenuity used to get and keep them. There are the usual entry methods: from visitors, corrupt guards or in packages hurled over the fence. But phones often take more exotic paths. In South Carolina a potato gun was used to fire phones over prison walls from a distance of a third of a mile. In Mississippi a suspiciously heavy and bounceless basketball in the recreation yard was found to contain 19 phones and chargers. (…)

Available on http://www.economist.com/node/17257847?story_id=17257847, accessed on November 4, 2010

PRISONS AND MOBILE PHONES

Bricking the intruders

If mobile phones can’t be kept out of prisons, can they be made useless?

Oct 14th 2010 | RAIFORD, FLORIDA AND PARCHMAN, MISSISSIPPI

THE striking thing about mobile phones in American prisons is not that they exist—though they do, in great numbers—but the ingenuity used to get and keep them. There are the usual entry methods: from visitors, corrupt guards or in packages hurled over the fence. But phones often take more exotic paths. In South Carolina a potato gun was used to fire phones over prison walls from a distance of a third of a mile. In Mississippi a suspiciously heavy and bounceless basketball in the recreation yard was found to contain 19 phones and chargers. (…)

Available on http://www.economist.com/node/17257847?story_id=17257847, accessed on November 4, 2010

GOOGLE TV: BOOM OR BUST

By: Tim Bajarin (10.18.2010)

The industry has been trying to bring IPTV to your TV since 1997. What makes Google and its partners think they'll be successful?

I have a question for you. Do you want to view the Internet on your TV? With all of the activity in IPTV these days, this is one of the key questions that is at the heart of whether IPTV eventually succeeds or fails. Since TVs were invented, we have been trained to sit in front of them and consume not interact with them. And only recently have we had to multitask with our TV. Even though we've had picture in picture for years, it took news scrolls at the bottom of our TV screens to train our brains. So, how will consumers integrate the new and even more complex IPTV features into their TV viewing experience?

One of the traits of consumers that has emboldened the IPTV crowd to push forward is the fact that many people sit on their couch and use their laptops or tablets while watching TV. They reason that if they multi-task in this fashion, they may be willing do it on the bigger screen. While I accept the fact that people may want Internet content, such as movies, TV shows, YouTube, etc. on their TV screens, it is quite a leap to assume that people also want to read their newspapers and magazines or view Web sites on a big-screen TV.

Source: http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2370894,00.asp, accessed on November 4, 2010.

GOOGLE TV: BOOM OR BUST

By: Tim Bajarin (10.18.2010)

The industry has been trying to bring IPTV to your TV since 1997. What makes Google and its partners think they'll be successful?

I have a question for you. Do you want to view the Internet on your TV? With all of the activity in IPTV these days, this is one of the key questions that is at the heart of whether IPTV eventually succeeds or fails. Since TVs were invented, we have been trained to sit in front of them and consume not interact with them. And only recently have we had to multitask with our TV. Even though we've had picture in picture for years, it took news scrolls at the bottom of our TV screens to train our brains. So, how will consumers integrate the new and even more complex IPTV features into their TV viewing experience?

One of the traits of consumers that has emboldened the IPTV crowd to push forward is the fact that many people sit on their couch and use their laptops or tablets while watching TV. They reason that if they multi-task in this fashion, they may be willing do it on the bigger screen. While I accept the fact that people may want Internet content, such as movies, TV shows, YouTube, etc. on their TV screens, it is quite a leap to assume that people also want to read their newspapers and magazines or view Web sites on a big-screen TV.

Source: http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2370894,00.asp, accessed on November 4, 2010.

GOOGLE TV: BOOM OR BUST

By: Tim Bajarin (10.18.2010)

The industry has been trying to bring IPTV to your TV since 1997. What makes Google and its partners think they'll be successful?

I have a question for you. Do you want to view the Internet on your TV? With all of the activity in IPTV these days, this is one of the key questions that is at the heart of whether IPTV eventually succeeds or fails. Since TVs were invented, we have been trained to sit in front of them and consume not interact with them. And only recently have we had to multitask with our TV. Even though we've had picture in picture for years, it took news scrolls at the bottom of our TV screens to train our brains. So, how will consumers integrate the new and even more complex IPTV features into their TV viewing experience?

One of the traits of consumers that has emboldened the IPTV crowd to push forward is the fact that many people sit on their couch and use their laptops or tablets while watching TV. They reason that if they multi-task in this fashion, they may be willing do it on the bigger screen. While I accept the fact that people may want Internet content, such as movies, TV shows, YouTube, etc. on their TV screens, it is quite a leap to assume that people also want to read their newspapers and magazines or view Web sites on a big-screen TV.

Source: http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2370894,00.asp, accessed on November 4, 2010.

THE NEW ‘OS’ WARS: WINNERS AND LOSERS

By: Tim Bajarin (10.29.2010)

The new OS war will be between operating systems that can work on all types of digital screens.

For decades, when people talked about OS wars, they were mostly referring to the Windows vs. Mac battle. These two operating systems have dominated the PC landscape with Windows owning about 90 percent of the market. This OS war has been great for the PC industry, because as Apple continues to innovate on its OS platform, it forces Microsoft to innovate as well, and in turn, consumers constantly receive new and more powerful OS platforms for their PCs.

Now there is a another OS war developing around smartphones, and if you think the PC OS wars were nasty, just wait for this OS war to heat up. We've already seen charged rhetoric from Apple CEO Steve Jobs over the iPhone, Andy Rubin at Google defending Android against the competition, and RIM's CEO Jim Balsillie ranting about Jobs and company during the iPhone antenna dilemma. All of these folks realize that the stakes are very high and that they need to do whatever is necessary to keep the market looking at them and pushing their platforms forward. To put these OS stakes into perspective, market researchers say that 1.2 billion cell phones will be sold worldwide this year. And while smartphones represent only 22 percent of the cell phone market for 2010, they will make up 60 percent of the market in the U.S. by 2012 and 65 percent of all cell phones sold worldwide will be smartphones by 2015. That means that by 2015 we could see as many as 750 million smartphones sold around the world, which is a massive market and will create amazing market opportunities.

Source: http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2371776,00.asp, accessed on November 4, 2010. 

THE NEW ‘OS’ WARS: WINNERS AND LOSERS

By: Tim Bajarin (10.29.2010)

The new OS war will be between operating systems that can work on all types of digital screens.

For decades, when people talked about OS wars, they were mostly referring to the Windows vs. Mac battle. These two operating systems have dominated the PC landscape with Windows owning about 90 percent of the market. This OS war has been great for the PC industry, because as Apple continues to innovate on its OS platform, it forces Microsoft to innovate as well, and in turn, consumers constantly receive new and more powerful OS platforms for their PCs.

Now there is a another OS war developing around smartphones, and if you think the PC OS wars were nasty, just wait for this OS war to heat up. We've already seen charged rhetoric from Apple CEO Steve Jobs over the iPhone, Andy Rubin at Google defending Android against the competition, and RIM's CEO Jim Balsillie ranting about Jobs and company during the iPhone antenna dilemma. All of these folks realize that the stakes are very high and that they need to do whatever is necessary to keep the market looking at them and pushing their platforms forward. To put these OS stakes into perspective, market researchers say that 1.2 billion cell phones will be sold worldwide this year. And while smartphones represent only 22 percent of the cell phone market for 2010, they will make up 60 percent of the market in the U.S. by 2012 and 65 percent of all cell phones sold worldwide will be smartphones by 2015. That means that by 2015 we could see as many as 750 million smartphones sold around the world, which is a massive market and will create amazing market opportunities.

Source: http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2371776,00.asp, accessed on November 4, 2010.