Questões de Linguagens do ENEM

a questão está baseada no texto Ah, como gastam, escrito por Carolina Araújo para a Folha de São Paulo, no dia 27 de julho de 2008

Em qual das alternativas abaixo, as aspas NÃO foram utilizadas para caracterizar discurso direto?

A questão está baseada no texto Casa de boneca, do escritor gaúcho Moacyr Scliar, publicado em SCLYAR, Moacir. Deu no jornal. Erechim: Edelbra, 2008, p. 18-19. 

“Casa de boneca” abriga morador de rua. Os abrigos, de cerca de um metro e meio de altura, foram construídos por entidade assistencial de São Paulo. Folha de São Paulo 

Por que a palavra “pois”, na oração “Ordenou, pois, ao motorista que parasse”, na linha 3, está entre vírgulas?

A questão está baseada no texto Casa de boneca, do escritor gaúcho Moacyr Scliar, publicado em SCLYAR, Moacir. Deu no jornal. Erechim: Edelbra, 2008, p. 18-19. 

“Casa de boneca” abriga morador de rua. Os abrigos, de cerca de um metro e meio de altura, foram construídos por entidade assistencial de São Paulo. Folha de São Paulo 

Em qual das alternativas abaixo, é possível dizer que há um predicado verbo-nominal?

A questão está baseada no texto Casa de boneca, do escritor gaúcho Moacyr Scliar, publicado em SCLYAR, Moacir. Deu no jornal. Erechim: Edelbra, 2008, p. 18-19. 

“Casa de boneca” abriga morador de rua. Os abrigos, de cerca de um metro e meio de altura, foram construídos por entidade assistencial de São Paulo. Folha de São Paulo 

Em qual das alternativas abaixo, a palavra “que” está sendo utilizada como pronome relativo, iniciando uma oração subordinada adjetiva explicativa?

    As we all know, electricity is a fundamental need. On a daily basis, we consume electricity even without us knowing it. Just a simple task such as listening to your music player consumes electricity. Today, most of our electric generators and power plants are fed with fossil fuels such as petroleum and coal. However, due to the exponential increase of power demand, fossil fuel supplies are slowly being depleted. Not only that, but also burning fossil fuels has given off greenhouse gases and other unwanted byproducts. Because of this, the search for alternative energy sources is now a necessity. One of the most promising alternative energy sources today is Wind Powered Generators. So, what is a wind-powered generator? Basically it is the use of wind as a mechanical force needed to power an electric generator. Utilizing wind as an energy source is not exactly a new idea. The ancient Persians were the first to use wind to pump water, cut wood, and grind food and others by building windmills. Even today you can find windmills still being used on some farms. It was the use of wind as an electric source that came into existence much later. The first practical wind powered generators were built in 1970, but yet we rarely see them in widespread use today, why? Let’s look at the advantages and disadvantages of the wind powered generator.

    The main advantage of wind powered generators is that they have, ideally, zero gas emissions – unlike fossil-fueled power generators. Because of the alarming effects of greenhouse gases and global warming, we want our power generators to be as clean and as environmentally friendly as possible. Since there is no burning process in a wind powered generator that produces toxic gases, it is very safe to build one in residential areas. Also, with proper engineering and enough wind, these generators can provide a high rate of wattage that can go as high as the Megawatt range. Another advantage is that it can be implemented using several small turbines connected together. This is a good thing when there is not enough space for huge structures.

     The major disadvantage of wind powered generators is that wind power varies greatly from one place to another and from day to day and season to season. Sometimes wind may be strong enough to supply energy, but that strength cannot be maintained due to changes in weather patterns. Needing strong, constant wind to most effectively power wind generators is one reason they are often built in coastal areas. Another disadvantage is that the structure of most practical wind powered generators is huge and bulky. Commonly, its size is proportional to the wind power it can collect.

    Research in wind power has now intensified because of its innate advantages over other power generators. With this increase in interest in wind energy and alternative energy sources as a whole, our future will become brighter and more and more remote areas will eventually enjoy the benefits of clean electric energy. In an electricity-dependent world, power supplies must provide the required electricity for communities and businesses. Wind powered generators might just be the solution for power shortages.

Disponível em: http://mysolarcellhome.org/articles/pros-and-cons-of-wind-powered-generators. 

All the statements below, with the exception of one, make use of "that" as a relative pronoun or a conjunction. Select THE EXCEPTION.

A obra Macunaíma, de Mário de Andrade, é composta de lendas variadas, com um vasto repertório de mitos e fábulas, que se mesclam tanto pela realidade, como pelo fantástico. Macunaíma subverte a estrutura da narrativa, transgredindo os princípios de Aristóteles no que se refere às regras da verossimilhança. Sob essa perspectiva e sobre a obra referida, assinale a alternativa correta

A Semana de Arte Moderna juntamente com a poesia modernista são muito expressivas na literatura brasileira. Grandes nomes, propostas temáticas e ideológicas definiram-se na nossa historiografia a partir delas. Assinale a alternativa verdadeira com relação ao contexto de ambas.

Assinale a alternativa que expõe, corretamente, o referente da expressão “essa honra”, na linha 7.

No final da narrativa, o chacal afirma que seu grande mestre na divisão da caça foi “O olho da minha amiga hiena” (l. 20). Essa resposta ao leão contém um sentido irônico e, ao mesmo tempo, condensa a moral de toda a história. Qual das alternativas abaixo expressa essa moral?

Assinale a alternativa que contém apenas afirmações corretas quanto ao texto acima.

I – No texto, os animais possuem sentidos alegóricos ou simbólicos, sugerindo relações de poder e hierarquias entre grupos sociais.

II – O texto possui um caráter intimista e aponta, metaforicamente, para a subjetividade inerente às relações interpessoais.

III – O texto se aproxima do gênero das fábulas, pois seus personagens são animais antropomorfizados.

IV – O texto possui um forte apelo social e critica de forma evidente as desigualdades econômicas na sociedade africana.

O sentido humorístico do texto acima está baseado em uma informação implícita, que o leitor descobre apenas ao ler o segundo quadrinho. Qual das alternativas abaixo expressa essa informação?

Assinale apenas a alternativa correta quanto ao uso da palavra “cujo” no seguinte período:

“Hoje eles estão definindo uma nova geografia do aprender e repensando o professor, cujo dia foi comemorado neste fim de semana.” (l. 9-11)

Que função sintática é exercida pelas orações subordinadas substantivas sublinhadas abaixo?

I – “É evidente que isso é apenas a cereja do bolo.” (l. 25)

II – “A solução foi sair da sala de aula.” (l. 31)

O seguinte período contém uma oração na voz passiva, que está sublinhada e em negrito: “A Summit é uma escola pública independente, gerida com total autonomia por uma instituição sem fins lucrativos.” Em qual das alternativas abaixo, essa oração foi transposta corretamente para a voz ativa?

De acordo com o texto de Gilberto Dimenstein, a escola Summit Preparatory High School adotou um diferencial quanto à gestão de suas aulas. Qual das alternativas abaixo apresenta corretamente esse diferencial?

“Wanna” in the second square is used in informal language, during conversation. It is the short form of:

On the first square, the expression “getting on my nerves”, means:

by Maggie Shiels

Technology reporter,

BBC News, Silicon Valley

    

    “Google has speeded up its internet search engine by launching a product called Instant that displays results as soon as users type in queries.

     The service predicts a user's query and modifies the displayed results as more letters are typed into the search box.

     The company described it as ‘search at the speed of thought’.

    Previously Google's suggested search terms and did not reveal results until the ‘enter’ key was hit or the ‘search’ button was clicked.

Google Instant goes live in the next week and on mobile devices by autumn.

     The service will initially be rolled out in the US, UK, Spain, Germany, France and Russia.

       Challenge to Microsoft?

     In a demo event held at San Francisco's Museum of Modern Art, Marissa Mayer, Google's vice-president of search products and user experience, typed in ‘sfm’ into the search box to demonstrate the new service.

    As she typed, results appeared instantly for ‘SF MOMA’ - the first predicted search result. In another demo, when the letter ‘w’ was entered, a list of links offering the ‘weather’ appeared along with images showing the temperature.

    ‘We've actually predicting what query you are likely to do and we're giving you results for that,’ said Ms Mayer.

       Google estimates that the typical user spends nine seconds entering a query and 15 seconds looking for answers.

        The company says Google Instant could shave between two and five seconds off a typical web search.

    ‘Google is betting all they have that speed is everything,’ Harry McCracken of technology blog Technologizer.com told the BBC.

     ‘Saving one or two seconds isn't that big of a deal. One of my instant thoughts is that I am going to see results I don't want because until I type enough that it knows what I want, it is going to show me links I am not interested in.’

     Technology commentator Robert Scoble said that the new feature would present a real challenge to Microsoft search engine Bing, which has been slowly chipping away at Google's lead in the search market.

    ‘Playing with it, it dramatically changes the way I do searches. I think it is a pretty major leap forward but this means that Bing becomes far less interesting and they now have to step up,’ said Mr. Scoble.

     Microsoft currently commands around 11% of the US search market compared to Google's 66%, according to research firm Comscore.

     Bing has gradually increased its market share since launch, although its growth has recently slowed.”

http://www.bbc.co.uk/newstechnology-11239037. 

Choose the alternative that best completes the sentence:

According to Google, it takes _________ seconds for a typical user to do a web search.

by Maggie Shiels

Technology reporter,

BBC News, Silicon Valley

    

    “Google has speeded up its internet search engine by launching a product called Instant that displays results as soon as users type in queries.

     The service predicts a user's query and modifies the displayed results as more letters are typed into the search box.

     The company described it as ‘search at the speed of thought’.

    Previously Google's suggested search terms and did not reveal results until the ‘enter’ key was hit or the ‘search’ button was clicked.

Google Instant goes live in the next week and on mobile devices by autumn.

     The service will initially be rolled out in the US, UK, Spain, Germany, France and Russia.

       Challenge to Microsoft?

     In a demo event held at San Francisco's Museum of Modern Art, Marissa Mayer, Google's vice-president of search products and user experience, typed in ‘sfm’ into the search box to demonstrate the new service.

    As she typed, results appeared instantly for ‘SF MOMA’ - the first predicted search result. In another demo, when the letter ‘w’ was entered, a list of links offering the ‘weather’ appeared along with images showing the temperature.

    ‘We've actually predicting what query you are likely to do and we're giving you results for that,’ said Ms Mayer.

       Google estimates that the typical user spends nine seconds entering a query and 15 seconds looking for answers.

        The company says Google Instant could shave between two and five seconds off a typical web search.

    ‘Google is betting all they have that speed is everything,’ Harry McCracken of technology blog Technologizer.com told the BBC.

     ‘Saving one or two seconds isn't that big of a deal. One of my instant thoughts is that I am going to see results I don't want because until I type enough that it knows what I want, it is going to show me links I am not interested in.’

     Technology commentator Robert Scoble said that the new feature would present a real challenge to Microsoft search engine Bing, which has been slowly chipping away at Google's lead in the search market.

    ‘Playing with it, it dramatically changes the way I do searches. I think it is a pretty major leap forward but this means that Bing becomes far less interesting and they now have to step up,’ said Mr. Scoble.

     Microsoft currently commands around 11% of the US search market compared to Google's 66%, according to research firm Comscore.

     Bing has gradually increased its market share since launch, although its growth has recently slowed.”

http://www.bbc.co.uk/newstechnology-11239037. 

By saying “We’ve actually been predicting what query you are likely to do and we’re giving you results for that”, Google’s vice-president means: