Questões de Inglês do ENEM

Fonte: GANDER, Kashmira. Psychopaths can’t tell if a person is genuinely sad or afraid, study sugests. Disponível em:<https://www.newsweek.com/psychopaths-cant-tell-if-person-genuinely-sad-or-afraid-study-suggests-1055599>. Publicado em: 8 março 2018. Acesso em: 14 out. 2018.

Beyonce, colorism, and why all of this needs to end

by Ernest Owens

    Yes, the Super Bowl was on fire. As one who is very critical of halftime show performances, I cannot deny that Beyoncé brought the energy and attention. All of this led to her releasing her tour dates for the Mrs. Carter Show. As excited as I was to actually buy these tickets, something turned me off. The poster.

   If you haven’t seen the photographs for Beyonce’s new world tour, you probably wouldn’t even recognize her. You will see an image of what looks like a Victorian white woman in the Elizabethan era. Her (prosthetic) blonde hair puffed and extended to reveal a face that is almost as white as snow. Lips red and her skin powdered. This is not the same bronze Beyonce that I saw rocking the stage in an all female band with her darker Destiny’s Child counterparts. I was only left with memories of previous patterns that the multi-Grammy award winning artist had done in previous years in regards to her skin. And I asked myself the question: why, Bey?

     Let’s not act like this is something new. Over the years, it seems as though Beyonce has gotten lighter as she has gotten older. No, this is not genetics and let’s not pretend her skin color in her first Destiny’s Child album cover matches that of her latest album. Whether it is that highly controversial Revlon advertisement or her own album cover art, Beyonce has consistently been called out on alterations done to her pigments.

    What does this say about our society for black women? It tells me that, an independent, confident and successful woman of color still struggles to have the confidence to fully embrace the skin she is in. If one of the most powerful women in entertainment feels she has to lighten her skin for projection, what does that say for the rest of us?

    Believe it or not, colorism, the stigma associated with skin complexion, has been an ill that has not yet been dissolved by the black community. What was first given to us by slave masters in separating the house slaves from the field ones, has now taken place in how we objectify our women and each other.

    This is pretty problematic in many ways. It’s first of all self-loathing and unnecessary for today’s times. The fact that our nation had an African-American first lady with a complexion that isn’t on the lighter side of the spectrum, nor does it try to be, shows a compelling advancement in appreciation for all women of color in many ways.

     Furthermore, the only reason why such stigma in our country continues is contributed to our own behavior that is shaped by the influential people of color around us. It devastated me when I saw that Sammy Sosa had lightened his skin. As successful as he was in a field that was not necessarily fixated on male skin complexion, it saddened me to see him do it. In many ways, it even made me reflect back on the transition of the late great Michael Jackson and what explanations he had for such a more pale white appearance.

    And why does all of this matter? Because I grew up hearing stories of young dark black girls getting their faces scrubbed with skin lightening soaps out of their free will. Tales of young women being abandoned by their mothers because they were too dark.

    If this is the reality that had more implications back in the early 20th century than it does now, please stop it. Stop trying to explain why you are dating the ebony skin girl. Stop making it seem exceptional that a girl of a darker complexion is actually attractive. Celebrities, stop putting extraneous powders and lighteners on your skin: we all know what you used to look like and we still love you. And people of color: let’s not continue to perpetuate an oppressive cycle of self-loathing of our appearance and heritage. If this can be accomplished, then perhaps even in our own race we can truly make our lives not be judged by the color of our skin but by the content of our character.

(adapted from www.huffingtonpost.com, 14/02/2013)

Fill the parentheses with T (True) or F (False).
In reference to eraser and delete keys one can say that

( ) their utility is important only to scientists.

( ) those machines have nothing to do with papers and researches.

( ) those high-tech electronic inventions allow us to erasemistakes, so that we can remake texts again and again.

The correct sequence, from top to bottom, is

Fill in the parentheses with T (True) or F (False).

According to the text, scholars got together in Edge in order todecide the inventions of great influence

( ) of the last two centuries.

( ) for nearly two hundred years.

( ) during the last two thousand years.

The correct sequence, from top to bottom, is

"To cheer up or boost energy, listen to Latin music or anythingwith accented beats, lots of percussion and a fast tempo.”(l. 8-10)

This fragment may be interpreted as a

Fill in the parentheses with T (Tuee) or F (False).According to the text,

( ) music can deeply affect people’s state of mind

.( ) bad-tempered people avoid listening to music after they gethome

.( ) anxious people get even more nervous if they listen to musicin a rush hour traffic jam.

The correct sequence, from top to bottom, is

“and we still don’t know what Frankenstein foods can do tous.” (l. 32-33)

This fragment expresses the ideas of

Connect and Share with the People in your Life

Disponível em: www.facebook.com. Acesso em: 1 out. 2013 (adaptado).

Calvin and Hobbes by Bill Watterson

According to the advertisement it is CORRECT to affirm:

TIME, August 23, 2018. Adaptado.

TIME, August 23, 2018. Adaptado.

Scientific American, October 24, 2014. Adaptado.

Available at: . Retrieved on: 3 May 2018. Adapted. * Automated teller machines

Considere o texto a seguir para responder à questão.

Facebook’s new data policy: Answers to your privacy questions

    Facebook, the world’s largest social network, revamped the policies it uses when collecting data on the more than 2 billion people who use it every month. As part of the new policy, released April 19, the company is also spelling out more clearly how it collects and uses that information about you.

    Where does Facebook get information about me?

    It finds this information from a mixture of photos, videos and thoughts you post on your timeline. It also gleans data from your interactions with Facebook friends, as well as the pages and posts you “like.” Plus, the company collects seven different kinds of information it takes from a phone, computer or tablet you’re using. That includes data about the version of software you’re running, how low your battery is and how much storage you have left on your device. On top of that, Facebook can access information about devices that are connected to the same network you’re on.

    This kind of info is often used for something industry experts call fingerprinting, which is how websites identify you based on all the data they can collect from your device.

(Adaptado de https://www.cnet.com/news/facebook-data-policy-answers-to-your-privacyquestions-cambridge-analytica/. Publicado em: 21 abr. 2018.

Acesso em: 21 ago. 2018, às 16h31.)

Texto 1

“Eu, Marília, não sou algum vaqueiro,

Que vive de guardar alheio gado;

De tosco trato, de expressões grosseiro,

Dos frios gelado e dos sóis queimado.

Tenho próprio casal e nele assisto

Dá-me vinho, legume, fruta, azeite;

Das brancas ovelhinhas tiro o leite,

E mais as finas lãs, de que me visto.

Graças, Marília bela,

Graças à minha Estrela!”

(Tomás Antonio Gonzaga)

Complete the sentence below with the correct verbs. Choose the CORRECT answer.

I ______ you in the park yesterday. You ______ on the grass and ______ a book.

        Fake news can distort people’s beliefs even after being debunked. A study recently published in the journal Intelligence suggests that some people may have an especially difficult time rejecting misinformation. Asked to rate a fictitious person on a range of character traits, people who scored low on a test of cognitive ability continued to be influenced by damaging information about the person even after they were explicitly told the information was false. The study is significant because it identifies what may be a major risk factor for vulnerability to fake news.

       One possible explanation for this finding is based on the theory that a person’s cognitive ability reflects how well they can regulate the contents of working memory – their “mental workspace” for processing information. First proposed by the cognitive psychologists Lynn Hasher and Rose Zacks, this theory holds that some people are more prone to “mental clutter” than other people. In other words, some people are less able to discard (or “inhibit”) information from their working memory that is no longer relevant to the task at hand, or information that has been discredited. Research on cognitive aging indicates that, in adulthood, this ability declines considerably with advancing age, suggesting that older adults may also be especially vulnerable to fake news. Another reason why cognitive ability may predict vulnerability to fake news is that it correlates highly with education. Through education, people may develop meta-cognitive skills – strategies for monitoring and regulating one’s own thinking – that can be used to combat the effects of misinformation.

(www.scientificamerican.com, 06.02.2018. Adaptado.)