Prova de 2018: Universidade Federal do Tocantins (UFT) — questões com gabarito

Um estudante gastou R$ 390,00 na compra de uma calculadora, de um tênis e de uma mochila. O preço da mochila corresponde a 60% do preço do tênis e a calculadora custou R$ 50,00 a menos que a mochila. Quanto custou o tênis?

Um produtor de ovos de galinha e de codorna vende seus produtos na feira da cidade. O cliente A comprou meia dúzia de ovos de galinha e duas dúzias de ovos de codorna, pagando R$ 10,00. O cliente B comprou uma dúzia de ovos de galinha e uma dúzia de ovos de codorna, pagando R$ 11,00. Sabendo-se que não houve alteração nos preços dos ovos, é CORRETO afirmar que o valor de meia dúzia de ovos de codorna é:

Ao realizar o estudo de sua produção diária, uma cozinheira que faz e vende pamonhas, descobriu que o lucro em reais é calculado pela função L(x) = – x2 + 30x – 200, onde x é o número de pamonhas feitas e vendidas. Com base nestas informações, é CORRETO afirmar que o lucro máximo diário da cozinheira é:

Em um curso de graduação da UFT, um quinto dos acadêmicos tem altura menor que 1,60 metros, metade tem altura de 1,60 a 1,70 metros e 75 acadêmicos têm mais de 1,70 metros. Quantos acadêmicos, no total, tem o referido curso?

As oito questões que compõem a avaliação de Matemática e suas Tecnologias deste vestibular, possuem quatro alternativas, das quais apenas uma é correta. Se você assinalar, aleatoriamente, uma alternativa de cada uma destas oito questões, a probabilidade de errar todas as questões, corresponde a:

    Judge says entry of immigrants suspended until conditions for ‘humanitarian reception’ are created – activists called it ‘absurd’

      A judge in Brazil has blocked Venezuelans from entering the border state of Roraima as local authorities harden their stance against the flood of migrants fleeing hunger and hardship in their home country.

    Judge Helder Barreto said he had suspended the entry of Venezuelan immigrants until the conditions for a “humanitarian reception” are created but activists working with migrants attacked it as “absurd”.

   Sister Telma Lage from the non-profit Migration and Human Rights Institute, which helps vulnerable migrants in Roraima’s capital Boa Vista, said the judge had overstepped his authority.            “[Venezuelans] are entering Brazil and seeking refuge because of the vulnerable situation they find themselves in,” she said. “What we fear is the lack of options for those near to the border.”

    Since 2015, more than 56,000 Venezuelans have sought refuge or residency in Brazil amid continuing political turmoil and economic collapse in their home country. […]

    But the flood of migrants has severely stretched health and education services in the poor state of Roraima.

Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/aug/06/brazil-shuts-border-venezuelanmigrants)

The reason why Venezuelans are seeking refuge in Brazil is visible in all the following alternatives, EXCEPT:

    Judge says entry of immigrants suspended until conditions for ‘humanitarian reception’ are created – activists called it ‘absurd’

      A judge in Brazil has blocked Venezuelans from entering the border state of Roraima as local authorities harden their stance against the flood of migrants fleeing hunger and hardship in their home country.

    Judge Helder Barreto said he had suspended the entry of Venezuelan immigrants until the conditions for a “humanitarian reception” are created but activists working with migrants attacked it as “absurd”.

   Sister Telma Lage from the non-profit Migration and Human Rights Institute, which helps vulnerable migrants in Roraima’s capital Boa Vista, said the judge had overstepped his authority.            “[Venezuelans] are entering Brazil and seeking refuge because of the vulnerable situation they find themselves in,” she said. “What we fear is the lack of options for those near to the border.”

    Since 2015, more than 56,000 Venezuelans have sought refuge or residency in Brazil amid continuing political turmoil and economic collapse in their home country. […]

    But the flood of migrants has severely stretched health and education services in the poor state of Roraima.

Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/aug/06/brazil-shuts-border-venezuelanmigrants)

    Judge says entry of immigrants suspended until conditions for ‘humanitarian reception’ are created – activists called it ‘absurd’

      A judge in Brazil has blocked Venezuelans from entering the border state of Roraima as local authorities harden their stance against the flood of migrants fleeing hunger and hardship in their home country.

    Judge Helder Barreto said he had suspended the entry of Venezuelan immigrants until the conditions for a “humanitarian reception” are created but activists working with migrants attacked it as “absurd”.

   Sister Telma Lage from the non-profit Migration and Human Rights Institute, which helps vulnerable migrants in Roraima’s capital Boa Vista, said the judge had overstepped his authority.            “[Venezuelans] are entering Brazil and seeking refuge because of the vulnerable situation they find themselves in,” she said. “What we fear is the lack of options for those near to the border.”

    Since 2015, more than 56,000 Venezuelans have sought refuge or residency in Brazil amid continuing political turmoil and economic collapse in their home country. […]

    But the flood of migrants has severely stretched health and education services in the poor state of Roraima.

Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/aug/06/brazil-shuts-border-venezuelanmigrants)

      The reason Pluto lost its planet status is not valid, according to new research from the University of Central Florida in Orlando. In 2006, the International Astronomical Union (IAU), a global group of astronomy experts, established a definition of a planet that required it to "clear" its orbit, or in other words, be the largest gravitational force in its orbit. […]

     Metzger, who is lead author on the study, reviewed scientific literature from the past 200 years and found only one publication -- from 1802 -- that used the clearing-orbit requirement to classify planets, and it was based on since-disproven reasoning.

     "It's a sloppy definition," Metzger said of the IAU's definition. "They didn't say what they meant by clearing their orbit. If you take that literally, then there are no planets, because no planet clears its orbit." […]

     Metzger said that the definition of a planet should be based on its intrinsic properties, rather than ones that can change, such as the dynamics of a planet's orbit. "Dynamics are not constant, they are constantly changing," Metzger said. "So, they are not the fundamental description of a body, they are just the occupation of a body at a current era."

    Instead, Metzger recommends classifying a planet based on if it is large enough that its gravity allows it to become spherical in shape. "And that's not just an arbitrary definition, Metzger said. "It turns out this is an important milestone in the evolution of a planetary body, because apparently when it happens, it initiates active geology in the body." 

      The reason Pluto lost its planet status is not valid, according to new research from the University of Central Florida in Orlando. In 2006, the International Astronomical Union (IAU), a global group of astronomy experts, established a definition of a planet that required it to "clear" its orbit, or in other words, be the largest gravitational force in its orbit. […]

     Metzger, who is lead author on the study, reviewed scientific literature from the past 200 years and found only one publication -- from 1802 -- that used the clearing-orbit requirement to classify planets, and it was based on since-disproven reasoning.

     "It's a sloppy definition," Metzger said of the IAU's definition. "They didn't say what they meant by clearing their orbit. If you take that literally, then there are no planets, because no planet clears its orbit." […]

     Metzger said that the definition of a planet should be based on its intrinsic properties, rather than ones that can change, such as the dynamics of a planet's orbit. "Dynamics are not constant, they are constantly changing," Metzger said. "So, they are not the fundamental description of a body, they are just the occupation of a body at a current era."

    Instead, Metzger recommends classifying a planet based on if it is large enough that its gravity allows it to become spherical in shape. "And that's not just an arbitrary definition, Metzger said. "It turns out this is an important milestone in the evolution of a planetary body, because apparently when it happens, it initiates active geology in the body." 

      The reason Pluto lost its planet status is not valid, according to new research from the University of Central Florida in Orlando. In 2006, the International Astronomical Union (IAU), a global group of astronomy experts, established a definition of a planet that required it to "clear" its orbit, or in other words, be the largest gravitational force in its orbit. […]

     Metzger, who is lead author on the study, reviewed scientific literature from the past 200 years and found only one publication -- from 1802 -- that used the clearing-orbit requirement to classify planets, and it was based on since-disproven reasoning.

     "It's a sloppy definition," Metzger said of the IAU's definition. "They didn't say what they meant by clearing their orbit. If you take that literally, then there are no planets, because no planet clears its orbit." […]

     Metzger said that the definition of a planet should be based on its intrinsic properties, rather than ones that can change, such as the dynamics of a planet's orbit. "Dynamics are not constant, they are constantly changing," Metzger said. "So, they are not the fundamental description of a body, they are just the occupation of a body at a current era."

    Instead, Metzger recommends classifying a planet based on if it is large enough that its gravity allows it to become spherical in shape. "And that's not just an arbitrary definition, Metzger said. "It turns out this is an important milestone in the evolution of a planetary body, because apparently when it happens, it initiates active geology in the body." 

Leia o excerto de Vista parcial da noite, de Luiz Ruffato, para responder a QUESTÃO.

e agora desprendeu a cera-lustosa que tampava a panela-dodente e já a dor pernilonga os ouvidos ambicionando achegar novamente, ferroa, entojada, arrodeando, infla em fogo a bochecha, calafrios relampeiam o corpo moído, de frio curvase a noite azul, ronca a saparia, estrilam grilos, voejam brasas acesas de vagalumes, esconjuro de coruja, vasculha o vento as fantasmáticas árvores, em silêncio o balofo sargento perscruta, espia, fareja, arrulham as escassas águas do Rio Pomba ao longe, perfilados, ambos, o jipe estacado, acesos os faróis alumiam o mato, esfrega as mãos, atento aos mínimos gestos do superior, poderiam permanecer afundados no bem-bom da delegacia não fosse a ocorrência, duro renegar aqueles olhos estatelados, como se, escancarando-os, almejassem agarrar o sopro que se esvaía, e sequer uma nódoa de sangue, a lâmina da faca-de-picar-fumo penetrara com tamanha força na linha do coração que se emaranhara em músculos, tendões, ossos, obstruindo o sangramento, isso explicou o sargento, versado, e sondando vagos indícios buscam acossar o assassino (...)

Fonte: RUFFATO, Luiz. Vista parcial da noite. Rio de Janeiro: Record, 2011, p. 131. 

Considerando a leitura do fragmento de O morto, é CORRETO afirmar que: 

Leia o fragmento de O visitante, de Hilda Hilst, para responder a QUESTÃO.

ANA (tecendo ou próximo do tear, como se estivesse acabado de tecer alguma coisa): muitas vezes tenho saudade das tuas pequenas roupas. Eram tão macias! (sorrindo) Tinha uma touca que, por engano meu, quase te cobria os olhos.

MARIA (seca): É bem do que eu preciso ainda hoje: antolhos.

ANA (meiga): E uma camisola tão comprida... branca. Nos punhos e no decote, coloquei umas fitas. E te arrastavas, choravas se, de repente, na noite, não me vias.

MARIA: Agora vejo-te sempre. Cada noite. Cada dia. (pausa)

ANA: Eras mansa. Me amavas. Ainda me amas agora?

MARIA: Ah, que pergunta! As coisas se transformam. Nós também.

ANA: A casa ainda é a mesma. E a mesa e...

MARIA (interrompendo): A casa, a mesa... todas essas coisas vivem mais do que nós. Ficam aí paradas. E assim mesmo envelhecem. Tu pensas que são as mesmas coisas e não são. (...)

Fonte: HILST, Hilda. Volume I. São Paulo: Nankin Editorial, 2000, p. 101.

Considerando a leitura do trecho de O visitante, assinale a alternativa CORRETA quanto ao gênero literário.

Leia o fragmento do poema Cantoria, de Cora Coralina, para responder a QUESTÃO.

Meti o peito em Goiás

e canto como ninguém.

Canto as pedras,

canto as águas,

as lavadeiras, também.

Cantei um velho quintal

com murada de pedra.

Cantei um portão alto

com escada caída.

Cantei a casinha velha

de velha pobrezinha.

Cantei colcha furada

estendida no lajedo;

muito sentida,

pedi remendos pra ela. (...)

Fonte: CORALINA, Cora. Meu livro de Cordel. São Paulo: Global, 2013, p. 9. 

A partir da leitura do excerto de Cantoria, é INCORRETO afirmar que

Leia o fragmento de Terra Sonâmbula, do escritor moçambicano Mia Couto, para responder a QUESTÃO.

Naquele lugar, a guerra tinha morto a estrada. Pelos caminhos só as hienas se arrastavam, focinhando entre cinzas e poeiras. A paisagem se mestiçara de tristezas nunca vistas, em cores que se pegavam à boca. Eram cores sujas, tão sujas que tinham perdido toda a leveza, esquecidas da ousadia de levantar asas pelo azul. Aqui, o céu se tornara impossível. E os viventes se acostumaram ao chão, em resignada aprendizagem da morte. (...)

COUTO, Mia. Terra sonâmbula. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2007, p. 9.

Observando a passagem do romance, é CORRETO afirmar que

Leia a seguir o fragmento do poema Mundo Pequeno, de Manoel de Barros, para responder a QUESTÃO.

Descobri aos 13 anos que o que me dava prazer nas

leituras não era a beleza das frases, mas a doença delas.

Comuniquei ao Padre Ezequiel, um meu Preceptor,

esse gosto esquisito.

Eu pensava que fosse um sujeito escaleno.

– Gostar de fazer defeitos na frase é muito saudável,

o Padre me disse.

Ele fez um limpamento em meus receios.

O Padre falou ainda: Manoel, isso não é doença,

pode muito que você carregue para o resto da

vida um certo gosto por nadas...

E se riu.

Você não é de bugre? – ele continuou.

Que sim, eu respondi.

Veja que bugre só pega por desvios, não anda em

estradas –

Pois é nos desvios que encontra as melhores

surpresas e os ariticuns maduros.

Há que apenas saber errar bem o seu idioma.

Esse Padre Ezequiel foi o meu primeiro professor de

agramática.

Fonte: BARROS, Manoel de. O livro das Ignorãças. In: Poesia completa. São Paulo: Leya, 2010, p. 319-320.

O excerto do poema traz o descobrimento, inquietação e questionamento do menino Manoel pela “doença das frases”.

É CORRETO afirmar que esta doença pode ser lida como um desvio: