Questões de Inglês do ENEM

It is surprising that Machado, considered the greatest Latin American writer by Sontag, was never

The author mentions a point of connection that he personally sees in the works of Machado de Assis and Alice Munro, which is the fact that they both

The sentences “Out of a regimen of ferocious self-education, he established himself, initially as a writer of slender romances for and about the women of the ruling elite” (lines 42-46) and “In the Anglophone world, a similar kind of confusion surrounds Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis (1839-1908), the son and sly chronicler of Rio de Janeiro” (lines 10-14) are classified, respectively, as 

The sentences “Though he never roved far from his hometown he read widely” (lines 108- 110) and “The gentle romantic blossomed into a wicked ironist whose authorial intrusions, jump cuts and sheer mischief influenced American experimentalists like John Barth and Donald Barthelme” (lines 51-56) are classified, respectively, as

The sentence “The Collected Stories reveals the arc of Machado’s career…” (lines 67-68) and “This creation of a personal cartography… might explain one of the lingering frustrations with Machado’s work” (lines 113-117) contain, respectively, a/an

The sentences “The endings are frequently murky and strange, often abruptly truncated” (lines 80-81) and “Like his characters, Machado was a creature of literature” (lines 106-107) contain, respectively, a/an

The sentences “In one tale, a dictator, bald since youth, decrees that all his subjects must also shave their heads” (lines 73-75) and “In another, a father intent on grooming his son to become ‘a bigwig’ demands he cultivate the necessary vapidity” (139-142) contain, respectively, a/an

The verb tenses in “Machado’s stories pulse with life” (line 79) and “Yet Machado is always writing...” (line 124), are

In terms of voice of the verb, the sentences “To Machado, your identity and the contours of your world are formed not just by your circumstances but by what you think about habitually” (lines 147- 150) and “Prolonged illness (Machado was epileptic), and the near loss of his sight, snapped him to attention” (lines 48-51) are classified, respectively as

The sentences “...it still offers a different and valuable vantage point — especially for readers who like to keep an eye on the life as well as the art” (lines 63-66) and “The gentle romantic blossomed into a wicked ironist whose authorial intrusions, jump cuts and sheer mischief influenced American experimentalists like John Barth and Donald Barthelme” (lines 51-56) contain, respectively, relative clauses which are

As to the sentences “Few fiction writers have written so affectionately about ideas” (127-129), “You are what you contemplate, so choose wisely” (lines 150-151), “slavery ended in Brazil only in 1888” (lines 119-120) and “Above all looms the figure of the bibliomane” (lines 94-95), it is correct to state that

The –ING words “training” (line 40), “ruling” (line 46), and “flitting” (line122) function respectively as

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Modern-day slavery: an explainer

Photograph: Mario Tama/Getty

   About 150 years after most countries banned slavery – Brazil was the last to abolish its participation in the transatlantic slave trade, in 1888 – millions of men, women and children are still enslaved. Contemporary slavery takes many forms, from women forced into prostitution, to child slavery in agriculture supply chains or whole families working for nothing to pay off generational debts. Slavery thrives on every continent and in almost every country. Forced labour, people trafficking, debt bondage and child marriage are all forms of modern-day slavery that affect the world’s most vulnerable people.

  Slavery is prohibited under the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which states: “No one shall be held in slavery or servitude: slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all their forms.”

  Definitions of modern-day slavery are mainly taken from the 1956 UN supplementary convention, which says: “debt bondage, serfdom, forced marriage and the delivery of a child for the exploitation of that child are all slavery-like practices and require criminalisation and abolishment”. The 1930 Forced Labour Convention defines forced labour as “all work or service which is exacted from any person under the menace of any penalty and for which the said person has not offered himself voluntarily”. As contemporary systems of slavery have evolved, new definitions, including trafficking and distinguishing child slavery from child labour, have developed. 

  Due to its illegality, data on modern-day slavery is difficult to collate. The UN’s International Labour Organisation (ILO) estimates that about 21 million people are in forced labour at any point in time. The ILO says this estimate includes trafficking and other forms of modern slavery. The only exceptions are trafficking for organ removal, forced marriage and adoption, unless the last two practices result in forced labour. The ILO calculates that 90% of the 21 million are exploited by individuals or companies, while 10% are forced to work by the state, rebel military groups, or in prisons under conditions that violate ILO standards. Sexual exploitation accounts for 22% of slaves.

Leia o primeiro parágrafo, em que se responde à pergunta “What is modern-day slavery?”. De acordo com esse parágrafo, uma das formas que a escravidão moderna assume é

Leia o texto para responder a questão.

Modern-day slavery: an explainer

Photograph: Mario Tama/Getty

   About 150 years after most countries banned slavery – Brazil was the last to abolish its participation in the transatlantic slave trade, in 1888 – millions of men, women and children are still enslaved. Contemporary slavery takes many forms, from women forced into prostitution, to child slavery in agriculture supply chains or whole families working for nothing to pay off generational debts. Slavery thrives on every continent and in almost every country. Forced labour, people trafficking, debt bondage and child marriage are all forms of modern-day slavery that affect the world’s most vulnerable people.

  Slavery is prohibited under the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which states: “No one shall be held in slavery or servitude: slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all their forms.”

  Definitions of modern-day slavery are mainly taken from the 1956 UN supplementary convention, which says: “debt bondage, serfdom, forced marriage and the delivery of a child for the exploitation of that child are all slavery-like practices and require criminalisation and abolishment”. The 1930 Forced Labour Convention defines forced labour as “all work or service which is exacted from any person under the menace of any penalty and for which the said person has not offered himself voluntarily”. As contemporary systems of slavery have evolved, new definitions, including trafficking and distinguishing child slavery from child labour, have developed. 

  Due to its illegality, data on modern-day slavery is difficult to collate. The UN’s International Labour Organisation (ILO) estimates that about 21 million people are in forced labour at any point in time. The ILO says this estimate includes trafficking and other forms of modern slavery. The only exceptions are trafficking for organ removal, forced marriage and adoption, unless the last two practices result in forced labour. The ILO calculates that 90% of the 21 million are exploited by individuals or companies, while 10% are forced to work by the state, rebel military groups, or in prisons under conditions that violate ILO standards. Sexual exploitation accounts for 22% of slaves.

No trecho do terceiro parágrafo – all work or service which is exacted from any person under the menace of any penalty and for which the said person has not offered himself voluntarily – o termo em destaque se refere a

Leia o texto para responder a questão.

Modern-day slavery: an explainer

Photograph: Mario Tama/Getty

   About 150 years after most countries banned slavery – Brazil was the last to abolish its participation in the transatlantic slave trade, in 1888 – millions of men, women and children are still enslaved. Contemporary slavery takes many forms, from women forced into prostitution, to child slavery in agriculture supply chains or whole families working for nothing to pay off generational debts. Slavery thrives on every continent and in almost every country. Forced labour, people trafficking, debt bondage and child marriage are all forms of modern-day slavery that affect the world’s most vulnerable people.

  Slavery is prohibited under the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which states: “No one shall be held in slavery or servitude: slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all their forms.”

  Definitions of modern-day slavery are mainly taken from the 1956 UN supplementary convention, which says: “debt bondage, serfdom, forced marriage and the delivery of a child for the exploitation of that child are all slavery-like practices and require criminalisation and abolishment”. The 1930 Forced Labour Convention defines forced labour as “all work or service which is exacted from any person under the menace of any penalty and for which the said person has not offered himself voluntarily”. As contemporary systems of slavery have evolved, new definitions, including trafficking and distinguishing child slavery from child labour, have developed. 

  Due to its illegality, data on modern-day slavery is difficult to collate. The UN’s International Labour Organisation (ILO) estimates that about 21 million people are in forced labour at any point in time. The ILO says this estimate includes trafficking and other forms of modern slavery. The only exceptions are trafficking for organ removal, forced marriage and adoption, unless the last two practices result in forced labour. The ILO calculates that 90% of the 21 million are exploited by individuals or companies, while 10% are forced to work by the state, rebel military groups, or in prisons under conditions that violate ILO standards. Sexual exploitation accounts for 22% of slaves.

De acordo com o terceiro parágrafo, a Convenção Suplementar das Nações Unidas de 1956 inclui como escravidão moderna

Leia o texto para responder a questão.

Modern-day slavery: an explainer

Photograph: Mario Tama/Getty

   About 150 years after most countries banned slavery – Brazil was the last to abolish its participation in the transatlantic slave trade, in 1888 – millions of men, women and children are still enslaved. Contemporary slavery takes many forms, from women forced into prostitution, to child slavery in agriculture supply chains or whole families working for nothing to pay off generational debts. Slavery thrives on every continent and in almost every country. Forced labour, people trafficking, debt bondage and child marriage are all forms of modern-day slavery that affect the world’s most vulnerable people.

  Slavery is prohibited under the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which states: “No one shall be held in slavery or servitude: slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all their forms.”

  Definitions of modern-day slavery are mainly taken from the 1956 UN supplementary convention, which says: “debt bondage, serfdom, forced marriage and the delivery of a child for the exploitation of that child are all slavery-like practices and require criminalisation and abolishment”. The 1930 Forced Labour Convention defines forced labour as “all work or service which is exacted from any person under the menace of any penalty and for which the said person has not offered himself voluntarily”. As contemporary systems of slavery have evolved, new definitions, including trafficking and distinguishing child slavery from child labour, have developed. 

  Due to its illegality, data on modern-day slavery is difficult to collate. The UN’s International Labour Organisation (ILO) estimates that about 21 million people are in forced labour at any point in time. The ILO says this estimate includes trafficking and other forms of modern slavery. The only exceptions are trafficking for organ removal, forced marriage and adoption, unless the last two practices result in forced labour. The ILO calculates that 90% of the 21 million are exploited by individuals or companies, while 10% are forced to work by the state, rebel military groups, or in prisons under conditions that violate ILO standards. Sexual exploitation accounts for 22% of slaves.

No trecho do terceiro parágrafo – As contemporary systems of slavery have evolved – o termo em destaque equivale, em português, a