Questões de Inglês do ENEM

Paris (CNN) A catastrophic fire engulfed Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris on Monday, altering the city's skyline and threatening a potent symbol of Catholicism at the start of Holy Week.

The fire burned for several hours, destroying the 850-year-old cathedral's iconic spire and roof before firefighters contained the blaze early Tuesday morning.

A pair of bell towers immortalized in Victor Hugo's tale "The Hunchback of Notre Dame" survived, along with the cathedral's elaborate stonework facade. Officials said invaluable artifacts were saved, including the Crown of Thorns, believed to be a relic of the passion of Christ.

President Emmanuel Macron lamented the destruction of an awe-inspiring building that embodied the heart of Paris for more than 800 years. But he pledged to rebuild, starting with the launch of an international fundraising campaign.

"Notre Dame is our history, it's our literature, it's our imagery. It's the place where we live our greatest moments, from wars to pandemics to liberations," he said.

"This history is ours. And it burns. It burns and I know the sadness so many of our fellow French feel."

The Paris prosecutor opened an investigation into the fire, the cause of which is still unknown.

Hundreds of firefighters were deployed to the scene, snarled by rush hour traffic.

For much of the afternoon, flames and plumes of smoke billowed from the cathedral as firefighters in cranes sprayed water onto the structure. 

The cathedral was undergoing renovation work, the fire service said.

'Madness'

The fire, just days before Easter, was met with horror by Parisians and tourists.

As firefighters battled the blaze, Parisians gathered outside the church Monday night, raising their voices in prayer.

"It's awful to see such a symbol disappearing in front of you. It's been there for so many years and in a few minutes half of it disappeared ... crazy.

"Paris without Notre Dame, madness."

Source: www.cnn.com/2019/04/15/world/note-dame-cathedral-fire/index.html 

Among invaluable artifacts that were saved, which one is considerable as a relic? (Text Comprehension)

Paris (CNN) A catastrophic fire engulfed Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris on Monday, altering the city's skyline and threatening a potent symbol of Catholicism at the start of Holy Week.

The fire burned for several hours, destroying the 850-year-old cathedral's iconic spire and roof before firefighters contained the blaze early Tuesday morning.

A pair of bell towers immortalized in Victor Hugo's tale "The Hunchback of Notre Dame" survived, along with the cathedral's elaborate stonework facade. Officials said invaluable artifacts were saved, including the Crown of Thorns, believed to be a relic of the passion of Christ.

President Emmanuel Macron lamented the destruction of an awe-inspiring building that embodied the heart of Paris for more than 800 years. But he pledged to rebuild, starting with the launch of an international fundraising campaign.

"Notre Dame is our history, it's our literature, it's our imagery. It's the place where we live our greatest moments, from wars to pandemics to liberations," he said.

"This history is ours. And it burns. It burns and I know the sadness so many of our fellow French feel."

The Paris prosecutor opened an investigation into the fire, the cause of which is still unknown.

Hundreds of firefighters were deployed to the scene, snarled by rush hour traffic.

For much of the afternoon, flames and plumes of smoke billowed from the cathedral as firefighters in cranes sprayed water onto the structure. 

The cathedral was undergoing renovation work, the fire service said.

'Madness'

The fire, just days before Easter, was met with horror by Parisians and tourists.

As firefighters battled the blaze, Parisians gathered outside the church Monday night, raising their voices in prayer.

"It's awful to see such a symbol disappearing in front of you. It's been there for so many years and in a few minutes half of it disappeared ... crazy.

"Paris without Notre Dame, madness."

Source: www.cnn.com/2019/04/15/world/note-dame-cathedral-fire/index.html 

“President Emmanuel Macron lamented the destruction of an awe-inspiring building” […] (Passive Voice)

The UK government's plans for regulation of the internet and social media contained a long list of online harms. Among them was excessive screen use by teenagers.

On the Tech Tent podcast this week, we ask whether there is convincing evidence that spending hours staring at smartphones and other screens is damaging the mental health of young people.

f you read news headlines - or indeed the government's Online Harms White Paper - you might think that the case against screen time was a no-brainer. But this week, a study by the Oxford Internet Institute suggested that it had little obvious effect on the mental wellbeing of teenagers, even if they were spending hours staring at screens at bedtime.

"We look at general wellbeing," one of the researchers, Amy Orben, tells us. "We do not find a relationship between digital screen use 30 minutes, one hour and two hours before bed and a decrease in wellbeing."

The research examined data from more than 17,000 teenagers in the UK, Ireland and the United States

Source: www.bbc.com/news/technology-47910524

The UK government's plans for regulation of the internet and social media contained a long list of online harms. Among them was excessive screen use by teenagers.

On the Tech Tent podcast this week, we ask whether there is convincing evidence that spending hours staring at smartphones and other screens is damaging the mental health of young people.

f you read news headlines - or indeed the government's Online Harms White Paper - you might think that the case against screen time was a no-brainer. But this week, a study by the Oxford Internet Institute suggested that it had little obvious effect on the mental wellbeing of teenagers, even if they were spending hours staring at screens at bedtime.

"We look at general wellbeing," one of the researchers, Amy Orben, tells us. "We do not find a relationship between digital screen use 30 minutes, one hour and two hours before bed and a decrease in wellbeing."

The research examined data from more than 17,000 teenagers in the UK, Ireland and the United States

Source: www.bbc.com/news/technology-47910524

“If you read news headlines or indeed the government’s Online Harms White Paper […] (Discourse Marker)

Researchers at the University of Washington have created a sensor package that is small enough to ride aboard a bumblebee.

Farmers can already use drones to soar over huge fields and monitor temperature, humidity or crop health. But these machines need so much power to fly that they can’t get very far without needing a charge.

Now, engineers at the University of Washington have created a sensing system that is small enough to ride aboard a bumblebee. Because insects can fly on their own, the package requires only a tiny rechargeable battery that could last for seven hours of flight and then charge while the bees are in their hive at night.

“Drones can fly for maybe 10 or 20 minutes before they need to charge again, whereas our bees can collect data for hours,” said senior author Shyam Gollakota, an associate professor in the UW’s Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science & Engineering. “We showed for the first time that it’s possible to actually do all this computation and sensing using insects in lieu of drones.”

Source: www.washington-edu/news/2018/12/11/sensor-bees/

“We showed for the first time that it’s possible to do all this computation and sensing using insects in lieu of drones.” (Context Word Meaning)

Considere o trecho do resumo de um artigo relacionado ao uso de agrotóxicos na agricultura brasileira para responder à questão.

     The intensive use of pesticides in Brazilian agriculture is a public health issue due to contamination of the environment, food and human health poisoning. The study aimed to show the spatial distribution of the planted area of agricultural crops, the use of pesticides and related health problems, as a Health Surveillance strategy. We obtained data from the planted area of 21 predominant crops, indicators of the consumption of pesticides per hectare for each crop and health problems. The amount of pesticides used in the Brazilian municipalities was spatially distributed and correlated with the incidence of pesticides poisoning: acute, sub-acute and chronic. The health problems showed positive and significant correlations with pesticide use.

De acordo com o texto, o uso intensivo de agrotóxicos

Considere o trecho do resumo de um artigo relacionado ao uso de agrotóxicos na agricultura brasileira para responder à questão.

     The intensive use of pesticides in Brazilian agriculture is a public health issue due to contamination of the environment, food and human health poisoning. The study aimed to show the spatial distribution of the planted area of agricultural crops, the use of pesticides and related health problems, as a Health Surveillance strategy. We obtained data from the planted area of 21 predominant crops, indicators of the consumption of pesticides per hectare for each crop and health problems. The amount of pesticides used in the Brazilian municipalities was spatially distributed and correlated with the incidence of pesticides poisoning: acute, sub-acute and chronic. The health problems showed positive and significant correlations with pesticide use.

O objetivo do estudo apresentado era

Considere o texto a seguir para responder à questão.

    Brazil is the largest South American country, with 16,000 km of land border and 8,000 km of coastline to protect against incoming crime. Its geographic location at the heart of the Americas, and its numerous maritime ports sitting on transshipment routes to global markets, make it attractive to organized crime.

    The capacity to take investigations beyond this vast expanse of territory to work with police forces the world over is crucial to safeguarding Brazilian national security.

    The INTERPOL National Central Bureau (NCB) in Brasilia plays a fundamental role in protecting the country’s economy, institutions and businesses against global crime.

(Adaptado de: https://www.interpol.int/Who-we-are/ Member-countries/Americas/BRAZIL - Acessado em: 05/03/2019.)

Considere o texto a seguir para responder à questão.

    Brazil is the largest South American country, with 16,000 km of land border and 8,000 km of coastline to protect against incoming crime. Its geographic location at the heart of the Americas, and its numerous maritime ports sitting on transshipment routes to global markets, make it attractive to organized crime.

    The capacity to take investigations beyond this vast expanse of territory to work with police forces the world over is crucial to safeguarding Brazilian national security.

    The INTERPOL National Central Bureau (NCB) in Brasilia plays a fundamental role in protecting the country’s economy, institutions and businesses against global crime.

(Adaptado de: https://www.interpol.int/Who-we-are/ Member-countries/Americas/BRAZIL - Acessado em: 05/03/2019.)

O texto afirma que o Brasil é “atraente para o crime organizado”. Assinale a alternativa que apresenta a melhor justificativa para essa afirmação, segundo as informações do texto.

Considere o cartum a seguir para responder à questão.

(https://www.gocomics.com/working-daze/2019/03/09 - Acessado em: 10/03/2109.)

Considere o cartum a seguir para responder à questão.

(https://www.gocomics.com/working-daze/2019/03/09 - Acessado em: 10/03/2109.)

Considere a notícia a seguir para responder à questão.

Joseph McAllister combines technologies with media to produce unique art Thu, Jun 14, 2018, 06:35 - Marie Boran

    I think that I shall never see a poem as lovely as a …webcam? Joseph McAllister describes himself as “a computational artist and privacy advocate”. He combines technologies like machine learning and programming with media including sculpture and interactive theatre to produce unique art for the increasingly technocratic age we live in.

    His latest work is Webcam Poetry, which uses a machine learning method known as “dense captioning”, a method that detects objects in video footage and produces descriptions in natural language. Combined with his own programming (he calls it his poetry engine), it takes live streaming webcam footage and “writes” poems based on what it sees. 

(Adaptado de: https://www.irishtimes.com/business/technology/ poetry-for-a-surveillance-society-1.3528084 - Acessado em 07/03/2019.) 

Considere o texto a seguir para a questão.

By Jean Seaton - 7 May 2018

    The book, with its disorientating first sentence, “It was a bright cold day in April, and the clocks were striking thirteen”, defines the peculiar characteristics of modern tyranny. In 1984 television screens watch you, and everyone spies on everyone else. Today it is social media that collects every gesture, purchase, comment we make online, and feeds an omniscient presence in our lives that can predict our every preference. Modelled on consumer choices, where the user is the commodity that is being marketed, the harvesting of those preferences for political campaigns is now distorting democracy.

    But the greatest horror in Orwell’s dystopia is the systematic stripping of meaning out of language. The regime aims to eradicate words and the ideas and feelings they embody. Its real enemy is reality. Tyrannies attempt to make understanding the real world impossible: seeking to replace it with phantoms and lies.

(Adaptado de: http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/ 20180507-why-orwells-1984-could-be-about-now - Acessado em: 11/03/2019.

De acordo com o texto, os mecanismos por trás das mídias sociais

Considere o texto a seguir para a questão.

By Jean Seaton - 7 May 2018

    The book, with its disorientating first sentence, “It was a bright cold day in April, and the clocks were striking thirteen”, defines the peculiar characteristics of modern tyranny. In 1984 television screens watch you, and everyone spies on everyone else. Today it is social media that collects every gesture, purchase, comment we make online, and feeds an omniscient presence in our lives that can predict our every preference. Modelled on consumer choices, where the user is the commodity that is being marketed, the harvesting of those preferences for political campaigns is now distorting democracy.

    But the greatest horror in Orwell’s dystopia is the systematic stripping of meaning out of language. The regime aims to eradicate words and the ideas and feelings they embody. Its real enemy is reality. Tyrannies attempt to make understanding the real world impossible: seeking to replace it with phantoms and lies.

(Adaptado de: http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/ 20180507-why-orwells-1984-could-be-about-now - Acessado em: 11/03/2019.

. A partir da leitura do segundo parágrafo do texto, pode-se concluir que