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Questões de Inglês do ENEM

Questões de Inglês, da área de Linguagens, com gabarito em cada página.

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    Inglês

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    Examine os gráficos e leia o texto para responder à questão.


    Educated Americans live longer, as others die younger


    Imagem da questão de Inglês, UNESP 2021, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension


    (Anne Case and Angus Deaton. “Life expectancy in adulthood is falling for those without a BA degree, but as educational gaps have widened, racial gaps have narrowed”. PNAS, 2021. Adaptado.)


       A 25-year-old American with a university degree can expect to live almost a decade longer than a contemporary who dropped out of high school. Although researchers have long known that the rich live longer than the poor, this education gap is less well documented — and is especially marked in rich countries. And whereas the average American’s expected span has been flat in recent years — and, strikingly, even fell between 2015 and 2017 — that of the one-third with a bachelor’s degree has continued to lengthen.

       This disparity in life expectancy is growing, according to new research published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Using data from nearly 50m death certificates filed between 1990 and 2018, Anne Case and Angus Deaton of Princeton University analysed differences in life expectancy by sex, race, ethnicity and education. They found that the lifespans of those with and without a bachelor’s degree started to diverge in the 1990s and 2000s. This  gap grew even wider in the 2010s as the life expectancy of degree-holders continued to rise while that of other Americans got shorter.

       What is the link between schooling and longevity? Some argue that better-educated people develop healthier lifestyles: each additional year of study reduces the chances of being a smoker and of being overweight. The better-educated earn more, which in turn is associated with greater health. Ms Case and Mr Deaton argue that changes in labour markets, including the rise of automation and increased demand for highly-educated workers, coupled with the rising costs of employer-provided health care, have depressed the supply of well-paid jobs for those without a degree. This may be contributing to higher rates of alcohol and drug use, suicide and other “deaths of despair”.


    (www.economist.com,17.03.2021. Adaptado.) 
    According to the third paragraph, better-educated people
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  • Linguagens

    Inglês

    Entre para guardar nos favoritos
    Examine os gráficos e leia o texto para responder à questão.


    Educated Americans live longer, as others die younger


    Imagem da questão de Inglês, UNESP 2021, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension


    (Anne Case and Angus Deaton. “Life expectancy in adulthood is falling for those without a BA degree, but as educational gaps have widened, racial gaps have narrowed”. PNAS, 2021. Adaptado.)


       A 25-year-old American with a university degree can expect to live almost a decade longer than a contemporary who dropped out of high school. Although researchers have long known that the rich live longer than the poor, this education gap is less well documented — and is especially marked in rich countries. And whereas the average American’s expected span has been flat in recent years — and, strikingly, even fell between 2015 and 2017 — that of the one-third with a bachelor’s degree has continued to lengthen.

       This disparity in life expectancy is growing, according to new research published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Using data from nearly 50m death certificates filed between 1990 and 2018, Anne Case and Angus Deaton of Princeton University analysed differences in life expectancy by sex, race, ethnicity and education. They found that the lifespans of those with and without a bachelor’s degree started to diverge in the 1990s and 2000s. This  gap grew even wider in the 2010s as the life expectancy of degree-holders continued to rise while that of other Americans got shorter.

       What is the link between schooling and longevity? Some argue that better-educated people develop healthier lifestyles: each additional year of study reduces the chances of being a smoker and of being overweight. The better-educated earn more, which in turn is associated with greater health. Ms Case and Mr Deaton argue that changes in labour markets, including the rise of automation and increased demand for highly-educated workers, coupled with the rising costs of employer-provided health care, have depressed the supply of well-paid jobs for those without a degree. This may be contributing to higher rates of alcohol and drug use, suicide and other “deaths of despair”.


    (www.economist.com,17.03.2021. Adaptado.) 
    No trecho do terceiro parágrafo “The better-educated earn more, which in turn is associated with”, a expressão sublinhada equivale, em português, a
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  • Linguagens

    Inglês

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    Examine os mapas que apresentam a média de anos de escolaridade para a população de 25 anos ou mais, do ano 2000 e do ano 2017, para responder à questão.


    Mean years of schooling, 2000

    Imagem da questão de Inglês, UNESP 2021, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension



    (https://ourworldindata.org. Adapted.)
    After comparing both maps, one can say that:
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  • Linguagens

    Inglês

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    Leia a tira para responder à questão.



    Imagem da questão de Inglês, UNESP 2021, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension



    (https://thebrickinthesky.wordpress.com)

    From the comic strip, one can say that
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  • Linguagens

    Inglês

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    Leia a tira para responder à questão.



    Imagem da questão de Inglês, UNESP 2021, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension



    (https://thebrickinthesky.wordpress.com)

    No trecho do primeiro quadrinho “I guess we should start it over again”, o termo sublinhado pode ser substituído, sem alteração de sentido, por 
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    Inglês

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    Imagem da questão de Inglês, Universidade de Vassouras 2022, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

    The central idea of the news article is the following:
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    Inglês

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    Imagem da questão de Inglês, Universidade de Vassouras 2022, Advérbios e conjunções | Adverbs and conjunctions

    Yet, many people with dental disease may not see a dentist until

    the process has advanced far beyond the point of saving a tooth. (l. 11-12)


    A word with the same semantic value can be found in one of the fragments below:
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    Inglês

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    Imagem da questão de Inglês, Universidade de Vassouras 2022, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

    Concerning tooth loss, according to the last paragraph, Dr. Elani and her research team: 

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  • Linguagens

    Inglês

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            What is it about Serena that inspires such vitriol? Is it that she dominates in a sport that was once considered to be for the upper crust at country clubs? One would think that Althea Gibson and Arthur Ashe had put that idea to rest decades ago. Is it that she is considered too aggressive on the court? John McEnroe and Boris Becker seem to take the prize for that. Is it because she wins too much? To hate someone merely because he or she is great only speaks to one’s own insecurity. To attempt to and fault with someone because you cannot figure out how or why they win so often only shows that you have already lost. Or is it that she is unapologetically black? A #CarefreeBlackGirl who speaks her mind, supports her people, and whose only real opponent is herself.


    Disponível em: https://theundefeated.com. Acesso em: 28 dez. 2018.



    O texto, que discorre sobre Serena Williams, uma das mais bem-sucedidas atletas do tênis, tem o objetivo de

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    Inglês

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    Imagem da questão de Inglês, ENEM 2022, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension



    Tendo em vista a abrangência do inglês no contexto global, a falha na comunicação evidenciada nesse diálogo é gerada pelo fato de que os interlocutores 

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    Inglês

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    A Guide to Harvard “A Cappella!”


            A cappella is such a big deal on all college campuses these days, I thought I’d write a post about what Harvard has to offer (spoiler alert: many incredibly talented groups)! There are so many groups that we have a cappella jams fairly often, and it’s always a good time to go hear the other groups perform.


            Some of my favorite memories are hanging out with my a cappella group members both on campus and around the country (and soon the world during our summer tour!). The Harvard a cappella community is absurdly diverse and talented – I think every Harvard student should take advantage of all we have on campus and go see a show!


    Disponível em: https://college.harvard.edu. Acesso em: 11 dez. 2017 (adaptado).



    A expressão “a cappella” caracteriza o ato de cantar sem o acompanhamento de instrumentos musicais. A expressão “big deal”, usada com relação a esse tema, indica que

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  • Linguagens

    Inglês

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    Anyway



    You can spend your whole life building

    Something from nothin’

    One storm can come and blow it all away

    Build it anyway

    You can chase a dream that seems so out of reach

    And you know it might not ever come your way

    Dream it anyway



    […]



    This world’s gone crazy and it’s hard to believe

    That tomorrow will be better than today

    Believe it anyway

    You can love someone with all your heart

    For all the right reasons

    In a moment they can choose to walk away

    Love ’em anyway



    McBRIDE, M. Disponível em: www.elyrics.net. Acesso em: 8 fev. 2013 (fragmento).



    Com base na palavra “anyway”, que é título da canção, entende-se que o fragmento

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  • Linguagens

    Inglês

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    How On-line Gamers are Solving Science’s Biggest Problems


            On paper, gamers and scientists make a bizarre union. But in reality, their two worlds aren’t leagues apart: both involve solving problems within a given set of rules. Genetic analysis, for instance, is about finding sequences and patterns among seemingly random clusters of data. Frame the analysis as a pattern-spotting game that looks like Candy Crush, and, while aligning patterns and scoring points, players can also be hunting for mutations that cause cancer, Alzheimer’s disease or diabetes.


            “Our brains are geared up to recognise patterns”, says Erinma Ochu, a neuroscientist at the University of Manchester, explaining why scientists are turning to gamers for help, “and we do it better than computers. This is a new way of working for scientists, but as long as they learn how to trust game developers to do what they do best — make great games — then they can have thousands of people from all around the world working on their data”.


    Disponível em: www.theguardian.com. Acesso em: 8 fev. 2014 (adaptado).



    De acordo com a reportagem publicada no jornal The Guardian, os adeptos de jogos eletrônicos podem ajudar os cientistas por terem

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    Inglês

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        As my official bio reads, I was made in Cuba, assembled in Spain, and imported to the United States — meaning my mother, seven months pregnant, and the rest of my family arrived as exiles from Cuba to Madrid, where I was born. Less than two months later, we emigrated once more and settled in New York City, then eventually in Miami, where I was raised and educated. Although technically we lived in the United States, the Cuban community was culturally insular in Miami during the 1970s, bonded together by the trauma of exile. What’s more, it seemed that practically everyone was Cuban: my teachers, my classmates, the mechanic, the bus driver. I didn’t grow up feeling different or treated as a minority. The few kids who got picked on in my grade school were the ones with freckles and funny last names like Dawson and O’Neil.

    BLANCO, R. Disponível em: http://edition.cnn.com. Acesso em: 9 dez. 2017 (adaptado).


    Ao relatar suas vivências, o autor destaca o(a)
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    Inglês

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    “Two hundred years ago, Jane Austen lived in a world where single men boasted vast estates; single ladies were expected to speak several languages, sing and play the piano. In both cases, it was, of course, advantageous if you looked good too. So, how much has — or hasn't — changed? Dating apps opaquely outline the demands of today's relationship market; users ruminate long and hard over their choice of pictures and what they write in their biographies to hook in potential lovers, and that's just your own profile. What do you look for in a future partner's profile — potential signifiers of a popular personality, a good job, a nice car? These apps are a poignant reminder of the often classist atitudes we still adopt, as well as the financial and aesthetic expectations we demand from potential partners.

    GALER,S. Disponível em: www.bbc.com, Acesso em: 8 dez. 2047 (adaptado)


    O texto aborda relações interpessoais com o objetivo de
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    Inglês

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    Imagem da questão de Inglês, ENEM 2022, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension
    GAULD, T. Disponível em; www.tomgauld.com. Acesso em: 25 out 2021.

    Nessa tirinha, o comportamento da mulher expressa
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    Inglês

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    A Tean's Viow of Social Media

            Instagram is made up of all photos and videos. There is the home page that showcases the posts from people you follow, an explore tab which offers posts from accounts all over the wold, and your own page, with a notification tab to show who likes and comments on your posts. 

            It has some downsides though. It is known to make many people feel insecure or down about themselves because the platform shoncases the highlights of everyone's lives, while rarely showing the negatives. This can make one feel like their life is not going as well as others, contributing to the growing rates of anxiety or depression in many teens today. There is an underlying desire for acceptance through the number of likes or followers one has.

    Disponível em: https://cyberbulling.org. Acesso em 29 out. 2021


    O termo “downsides” introduz a ideia de que o Instagram é responsável por
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  • Linguagens

    Inglês

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    I tend the mobile now
    like an injured bird

    We text, text, text
    our significant words.

    I re-read your first,
    your second, your third,

    Look for your small xx,
    feeling absurd.

    The codes we send
    arrive with a broken chord.

    I try to picture your hands,
    their image is blurred.

    Nothing my thumbs press
    will ever be heard. 

    DUFFY, C. Disponível em: www.independent.co.uk. Acesso em: 27 out 2021


    Nesse poema, o eu lírico evidencia um sentimento de
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        From French electronic and Japanese indie to K-pop and Spanish jazz, it’s common for people to listen to songs they don’t necessarily understand. Not knowing the language of the lyrics, it seems, doesn’t stop people from liking—and sometimes even singing along to—a song. Unless the listener is looking up the dictionary meaning of the lyrics, then the dictionary meaning of the lyrics doesn’t make or break their appreciation of a song. But why?
        “It’s a complicated answer,” said musicologist Lisa Decenteceo, adding that it all starts with what’s called “sound symbolism.” Sound symbolism refers to the study of the relationships between utterances and their meaning. This doesn’t have to do only with music. Marketers, for example, can tune into sound symbolism as part of their strategy in coming up with appealing brand names. In music as well as in branding, Decenteceo explained, there’s something about the appeal of words as sounds, beyond their meaning in a language. While things like culture and personal experiences affect people’s responses to different kinds of music, she explained there are certain musical techniques that are generally used to convey certain moods. One of which is scale. “Songs in a major scale usually have brighter, happier sounds, while minor scales usually have the slightly darker, melancholic feel,” explains Thea Tolentino, a music teacher.
        The human brain is wired to respond to sound, she added. In a process called entrainment, the brain “synchronizes our breathing, our movement, even neural activities with the sounds we hear.” This is why fast-paced music is so popular for running, for example, or why some yoga teachers play rhythmic and melodic tracks in their classes. And there are also the things that accompany the words. “Elements of sound and music like pitch, melody, harmony, timbre, and amplitude have an affective, emotional, psychological, cognitive, and even physical impact on listeners. Music adds so much meaning and dimension to texts through a complex of these avenues,” said Decenteceo. What all these things do, she added, is liberate the words. “Song frees the voice from any burden of saying anything meaningful”. It’s important, then, to understand music as a discourse between musical elements. But all in all, Decenteceo said there’s value in whatever immediate appeal people find in the music they listen to, whether or not they understand the words. Music, after all, is the universal language. 

    Disponível em https://www.vice.com/. March, 2022. Adaptado.
    De acordo com o texto, os estudos sobre as propriedades do som
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