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Questões de Inglês do ENEM

Questões de Inglês, da área de Linguagens, com gabarito em cada página.

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Página 160 de 266

  • Linguagens

    Inglês

    Leia o texto para responder à  questão.


                                                 Urban Development – Solid Waste Management


    Imagem da questão de Inglês, UNESP 2014, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

       Ask a mayor of a developing country city about his or her most pressing problems, and solid waste management generally will be high on the list. For many cities, solid waste management is their single largest budget item and largest employer.

       It is also a critical matter of public health, environmental quality, quality of life, and economic development. A city that cannot effectively manage its waste is rarely able to manage more complex services such as health, education or transportation. And no one wants to live in a city surrounded by garbage.

       As the world urbanizes, the situation is becoming more acute. More people mean more garbage, especially in fastgrowing cities where the bulk of waste is generated. We estimate that cities currently generate roughly 1.3 billion tonnes of solid waste per year; with current urbanization trends, this figure will grow to 2.2 billion tonnes per year by 2025 – an increase of 70 percent.

       Managing waste will also become more expensive. Expenditures that today total $205 billion will grow to $375 billion. The cost impacts will be most severe in low income countries already struggling to meet basic social and infrastructure needs, particularly for their poorest residents.

           Because it is such a major issue, waste management also represents a great opportunity for cities. Managed well, solid waste management practices can reduce greenhouse gas emission levels in a city, including short-lived climate pollutants that are far more potent than carbon dioxide. A city's ability to keep solid waste out of drainage ditches can also influence whether a neighborhood floods after a heavy storm.

                                                                                                                             (www.worldbank.org. Adaptado.)

    Segundo o texto, a gestão de resíduos sólidos
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 99404266-35
  • Linguagens

    Inglês

    Leia o texto para responder à  questão.


                                                 Urban Development – Solid Waste Management


    Imagem da questão de Inglês, UNESP 2014, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

       Ask a mayor of a developing country city about his or her most pressing problems, and solid waste management generally will be high on the list. For many cities, solid waste management is their single largest budget item and largest employer.

       It is also a critical matter of public health, environmental quality, quality of life, and economic development. A city that cannot effectively manage its waste is rarely able to manage more complex services such as health, education or transportation. And no one wants to live in a city surrounded by garbage.

       As the world urbanizes, the situation is becoming more acute. More people mean more garbage, especially in fastgrowing cities where the bulk of waste is generated. We estimate that cities currently generate roughly 1.3 billion tonnes of solid waste per year; with current urbanization trends, this figure will grow to 2.2 billion tonnes per year by 2025 – an increase of 70 percent.

       Managing waste will also become more expensive. Expenditures that today total $205 billion will grow to $375 billion. The cost impacts will be most severe in low income countries already struggling to meet basic social and infrastructure needs, particularly for their poorest residents.

           Because it is such a major issue, waste management also represents a great opportunity for cities. Managed well, solid waste management practices can reduce greenhouse gas emission levels in a city, including short-lived climate pollutants that are far more potent than carbon dioxide. A city's ability to keep solid waste out of drainage ditches can also influence whether a neighborhood floods after a heavy storm.

                                                                                                                             (www.worldbank.org. Adaptado.)

    De acordo com o texto, o aumento na produção de resíduos sólidos ocorre, principalmente, devido
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 994602ff-35
  • Linguagens

    Inglês

    Leia o texto para responder à  questão.


                                                 Urban Development – Solid Waste Management


    Imagem da questão de Inglês, UNESP 2014, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

       Ask a mayor of a developing country city about his or her most pressing problems, and solid waste management generally will be high on the list. For many cities, solid waste management is their single largest budget item and largest employer.

       It is also a critical matter of public health, environmental quality, quality of life, and economic development. A city that cannot effectively manage its waste is rarely able to manage more complex services such as health, education or transportation. And no one wants to live in a city surrounded by garbage.

       As the world urbanizes, the situation is becoming more acute. More people mean more garbage, especially in fastgrowing cities where the bulk of waste is generated. We estimate that cities currently generate roughly 1.3 billion tonnes of solid waste per year; with current urbanization trends, this figure will grow to 2.2 billion tonnes per year by 2025 – an increase of 70 percent.

       Managing waste will also become more expensive. Expenditures that today total $205 billion will grow to $375 billion. The cost impacts will be most severe in low income countries already struggling to meet basic social and infrastructure needs, particularly for their poorest residents.

           Because it is such a major issue, waste management also represents a great opportunity for cities. Managed well, solid waste management practices can reduce greenhouse gas emission levels in a city, including short-lived climate pollutants that are far more potent than carbon dioxide. A city's ability to keep solid waste out of drainage ditches can also influence whether a neighborhood floods after a heavy storm.

                                                                                                                             (www.worldbank.org. Adaptado.)

    No trecho do terceiro parágrafo – this figure will grow –, a palavra figure refere-se, no texto, a
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 994b5fd6-35
  • Linguagens

    Inglês

    Leia o texto para responder à  questão.


                                                 Urban Development – Solid Waste Management


    Imagem da questão de Inglês, UNESP 2014, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

       Ask a mayor of a developing country city about his or her most pressing problems, and solid waste management generally will be high on the list. For many cities, solid waste management is their single largest budget item and largest employer.

       It is also a critical matter of public health, environmental quality, quality of life, and economic development. A city that cannot effectively manage its waste is rarely able to manage more complex services such as health, education or transportation. And no one wants to live in a city surrounded by garbage.

       As the world urbanizes, the situation is becoming more acute. More people mean more garbage, especially in fastgrowing cities where the bulk of waste is generated. We estimate that cities currently generate roughly 1.3 billion tonnes of solid waste per year; with current urbanization trends, this figure will grow to 2.2 billion tonnes per year by 2025 – an increase of 70 percent.

       Managing waste will also become more expensive. Expenditures that today total $205 billion will grow to $375 billion. The cost impacts will be most severe in low income countries already struggling to meet basic social and infrastructure needs, particularly for their poorest residents.

           Because it is such a major issue, waste management also represents a great opportunity for cities. Managed well, solid waste management practices can reduce greenhouse gas emission levels in a city, including short-lived climate pollutants that are far more potent than carbon dioxide. A city's ability to keep solid waste out of drainage ditches can also influence whether a neighborhood floods after a heavy storm.

                                                                                                                             (www.worldbank.org. Adaptado.)

    De acordo com o texto, quando há uma boa gestão de resíduos sólidos,
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 99568723-35
  • Linguagens

    Inglês

    Leia o texto para responder à  questão.


                                                 Urban Development – Solid Waste Management


    Imagem da questão de Inglês, UNESP 2014, Sinônimos | Synonyms

       Ask a mayor of a developing country city about his or her most pressing problems, and solid waste management generally will be high on the list. For many cities, solid waste management is their single largest budget item and largest employer.

       It is also a critical matter of public health, environmental quality, quality of life, and economic development. A city that cannot effectively manage its waste is rarely able to manage more complex services such as health, education or transportation. And no one wants to live in a city surrounded by garbage.

       As the world urbanizes, the situation is becoming more acute. More people mean more garbage, especially in fastgrowing cities where the bulk of waste is generated. We estimate that cities currently generate roughly 1.3 billion tonnes of solid waste per year; with current urbanization trends, this figure will grow to 2.2 billion tonnes per year by 2025 – an increase of 70 percent.

       Managing waste will also become more expensive. Expenditures that today total $205 billion will grow to $375 billion. The cost impacts will be most severe in low income countries already struggling to meet basic social and infrastructure needs, particularly for their poorest residents.

           Because it is such a major issue, waste management also represents a great opportunity for cities. Managed well, solid waste management practices can reduce greenhouse gas emission levels in a city, including short-lived climate pollutants that are far more potent than carbon dioxide. A city's ability to keep solid waste out of drainage ditches can also influence whether a neighborhood floods after a heavy storm.

                                                                                                                             (www.worldbank.org. Adaptado.)

    No trecho do último parágrafo – A city’s ability to keep solid waste out of drainage ditches can also influence whether a neighborhood floods after a heavy storm. –, a palavra whether pode ser substituída, sem alteração de sentido, por
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 995c5cec-35
  • Linguagens

    Inglês

    Imagem da questão de Inglês, USP 2010, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension Segundo o texto, a China
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 995fb1e8-fc
  • Linguagens

    Inglês

    Figura 1 de 5 da questão de Inglês, UECE 2011, Análise sintática | Syntax Parsing
    Figura 2 de 5 da questão de Inglês, UECE 2011, Análise sintática | Syntax Parsing
    Figura 3 de 5 da questão de Inglês, UECE 2011, Análise sintática | Syntax Parsing
    Figura 4 de 5 da questão de Inglês, UECE 2011, Análise sintática | Syntax Parsing
    Figura 5 de 5 da questão de Inglês, UECE 2011, Análise sintática | Syntax Parsing

    The sentences “In the jaunty early chapters of A Little Book of Language, Crystal notes how, when his four children were young, he would study them.”, and “You don't talk to a linguist without having what you say taken down and used in evidence against you at some point in time.” contain, respectively, at least one
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 99ba8fc8-a5
  • Linguagens

    Inglês

        From French electronic and Japanese indie to K-pop and Spanish jazz, it’s common for people to listen to songs they don’t necessarily understand. Not knowing the language of the lyrics, it seems, doesn’t stop people from liking—and sometimes even singing along to—a song. Unless the listener is looking up the dictionary meaning of the lyrics, then the dictionary meaning of the lyrics doesn’t make or break their appreciation of a song. But why?
        “It’s a complicated answer,” said musicologist Lisa Decenteceo, adding that it all starts with what’s called “sound symbolism.” Sound symbolism refers to the study of the relationships between utterances and their meaning. This doesn’t have to do only with music. Marketers, for example, can tune into sound symbolism as part of their strategy in coming up with appealing brand names. In music as well as in branding, Decenteceo explained, there’s something about the appeal of words as sounds, beyond their meaning in a language. While things like culture and personal experiences affect people’s responses to different kinds of music, she explained there are certain musical techniques that are generally used to convey certain moods. One of which is scale. “Songs in a major scale usually have brighter, happier sounds, while minor scales usually have the slightly darker, melancholic feel,” explains Thea Tolentino, a music teacher.
        The human brain is wired to respond to sound, she added. In a process called entrainment, the brain “synchronizes our breathing, our movement, even neural activities with the sounds we hear.” This is why fast-paced music is so popular for running, for example, or why some yoga teachers play rhythmic and melodic tracks in their classes. And there are also the things that accompany the words. “Elements of sound and music like pitch, melody, harmony, timbre, and amplitude have an affective, emotional, psychological, cognitive, and even physical impact on listeners. Music adds so much meaning and dimension to texts through a complex of these avenues,” said Decenteceo. What all these things do, she added, is liberate the words. “Song frees the voice from any burden of saying anything meaningful”. It’s important, then, to understand music as a discourse between musical elements. But all in all, Decenteceo said there’s value in whatever immediate appeal people find in the music they listen to, whether or not they understand the words. Music, after all, is the universal language. 

    Disponível em https://www.vice.com/. March, 2022. Adaptado.
    De acordo com o texto, os estudos sobre as propriedades do som
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 99c5bf61-7a
  • Linguagens

    Inglês

        From French electronic and Japanese indie to K-pop and Spanish jazz, it’s common for people to listen to songs they don’t necessarily understand. Not knowing the language of the lyrics, it seems, doesn’t stop people from liking—and sometimes even singing along to—a song. Unless the listener is looking up the dictionary meaning of the lyrics, then the dictionary meaning of the lyrics doesn’t make or break their appreciation of a song. But why?
        “It’s a complicated answer,” said musicologist Lisa Decenteceo, adding that it all starts with what’s called “sound symbolism.” Sound symbolism refers to the study of the relationships between utterances and their meaning. This doesn’t have to do only with music. Marketers, for example, can tune into sound symbolism as part of their strategy in coming up with appealing brand names. In music as well as in branding, Decenteceo explained, there’s something about the appeal of words as sounds, beyond their meaning in a language. While things like culture and personal experiences affect people’s responses to different kinds of music, she explained there are certain musical techniques that are generally used to convey certain moods. One of which is scale. “Songs in a major scale usually have brighter, happier sounds, while minor scales usually have the slightly darker, melancholic feel,” explains Thea Tolentino, a music teacher.
        The human brain is wired to respond to sound, she added. In a process called entrainment, the brain “synchronizes our breathing, our movement, even neural activities with the sounds we hear.” This is why fast-paced music is so popular for running, for example, or why some yoga teachers play rhythmic and melodic tracks in their classes. And there are also the things that accompany the words. “Elements of sound and music like pitch, melody, harmony, timbre, and amplitude have an affective, emotional, psychological, cognitive, and even physical impact on listeners. Music adds so much meaning and dimension to texts through a complex of these avenues,” said Decenteceo. What all these things do, she added, is liberate the words. “Song frees the voice from any burden of saying anything meaningful”. It’s important, then, to understand music as a discourse between musical elements. But all in all, Decenteceo said there’s value in whatever immediate appeal people find in the music they listen to, whether or not they understand the words. Music, after all, is the universal language. 

    Disponível em https://www.vice.com/. March, 2022. Adaptado.
    Na frase “there are certain musical techniques that are generally used to convey certain moods” (2º parágrafo), a palavra “convey” poderia ser substituída, sem prejuízo de sentido, por 
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 99c9011e-7a
  • Linguagens

    Inglês

    Imagem da questão de Inglês, USP 2022, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

    Disponível em https://br.pinterest.com/.


    Em relação à compreensão do idioma inglês, o texto ilustra

    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 99cfd923-7a
  • Linguagens

    Inglês

    Imagem da questão de Inglês, USP 2010, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension Afirma-se, no texto, que a Irlanda
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 9a427f12-fc
  • Linguagens

    Inglês

        The expression “dark doldrums” chills the hearts of renewable-energy engineers, who use it to refer to the lulls when solar panels and wind turbines are thwarted by clouds, night, or still air. On a bright, cloudless day, a solar farm can generate prodigious amounts of electricity. But at night solar cells do little, and in calm air turbines sit useless.
         The dark doldrums make it difficult for us to rely totally on renewable energy. Power companies need to plan not just for individual storms or windless nights but for difficulties that can stretch for days. Last year, Europe experienced a weekslong “wind drought,” and in 2006 Hawaii endured six weeks of consecutive rainy days. On a smaller scale, communities that want to go all-renewable need to fill the gaps. The obvious solution is batteries, which power everything from mobile phones to electric vehicles; they are relatively inexpensive to make and getting cheaper. But typical models exhaust their stored energy after only three or four hours of maximum output, and—as every smartphone owner knows—their capacity dwindles with each recharge. Moreover, it is expensive to collect enough batteries to cover longer discharges.
        We already have one kind of renewable energy storage: more than ninety per cent of the world’s energy-storage capacity is in reservoirs, as part of a technology called pumped-storage hydropower, used to smooth out sharp increases in electricity demand. Motors pump water uphill from a river or a reservoir to a higher reservoir; when the water is released downhill, it spins a turbine, generating power. A pumped-hydro installation is like a giant, permanent battery, charged when water is pumped uphill and depleted as it flows down. Some countries are expanding their use of pumped hydro, but the right geography is hard to find, permits are difficult to obtain, and construction is slow and expensive. The hunt is on for new approaches to energy storage.

    The New Yorker. Abril, 2022. Adaptado. 
    No texto, a expressão “dark doldrums” descreve
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 9a494bfe-7a
  • Linguagens

    Inglês

        The expression “dark doldrums” chills the hearts of renewable-energy engineers, who use it to refer to the lulls when solar panels and wind turbines are thwarted by clouds, night, or still air. On a bright, cloudless day, a solar farm can generate prodigious amounts of electricity. But at night solar cells do little, and in calm air turbines sit useless.
         The dark doldrums make it difficult for us to rely totally on renewable energy. Power companies need to plan not just for individual storms or windless nights but for difficulties that can stretch for days. Last year, Europe experienced a weekslong “wind drought,” and in 2006 Hawaii endured six weeks of consecutive rainy days. On a smaller scale, communities that want to go all-renewable need to fill the gaps. The obvious solution is batteries, which power everything from mobile phones to electric vehicles; they are relatively inexpensive to make and getting cheaper. But typical models exhaust their stored energy after only three or four hours of maximum output, and—as every smartphone owner knows—their capacity dwindles with each recharge. Moreover, it is expensive to collect enough batteries to cover longer discharges.
        We already have one kind of renewable energy storage: more than ninety per cent of the world’s energy-storage capacity is in reservoirs, as part of a technology called pumped-storage hydropower, used to smooth out sharp increases in electricity demand. Motors pump water uphill from a river or a reservoir to a higher reservoir; when the water is released downhill, it spins a turbine, generating power. A pumped-hydro installation is like a giant, permanent battery, charged when water is pumped uphill and depleted as it flows down. Some countries are expanding their use of pumped hydro, but the right geography is hard to find, permits are difficult to obtain, and construction is slow and expensive. The hunt is on for new approaches to energy storage.

    The New Yorker. Abril, 2022. Adaptado. 
    Na frase “But typical models exhaust their stored energy after only three or four hours of maximum output, and—as every smartphone owner knows—their capacity dwindles with each recharge.” (2º parágrafo), “dwindles” poderia ser substituído, sem prejuízo de sentido, por 
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 9a4d8d4b-7a
  • Linguagens

    Inglês

        The expression “dark doldrums” chills the hearts of renewable-energy engineers, who use it to refer to the lulls when solar panels and wind turbines are thwarted by clouds, night, or still air. On a bright, cloudless day, a solar farm can generate prodigious amounts of electricity. But at night solar cells do little, and in calm air turbines sit useless.
         The dark doldrums make it difficult for us to rely totally on renewable energy. Power companies need to plan not just for individual storms or windless nights but for difficulties that can stretch for days. Last year, Europe experienced a weekslong “wind drought,” and in 2006 Hawaii endured six weeks of consecutive rainy days. On a smaller scale, communities that want to go all-renewable need to fill the gaps. The obvious solution is batteries, which power everything from mobile phones to electric vehicles; they are relatively inexpensive to make and getting cheaper. But typical models exhaust their stored energy after only three or four hours of maximum output, and—as every smartphone owner knows—their capacity dwindles with each recharge. Moreover, it is expensive to collect enough batteries to cover longer discharges.
        We already have one kind of renewable energy storage: more than ninety per cent of the world’s energy-storage capacity is in reservoirs, as part of a technology called pumped-storage hydropower, used to smooth out sharp increases in electricity demand. Motors pump water uphill from a river or a reservoir to a higher reservoir; when the water is released downhill, it spins a turbine, generating power. A pumped-hydro installation is like a giant, permanent battery, charged when water is pumped uphill and depleted as it flows down. Some countries are expanding their use of pumped hydro, but the right geography is hard to find, permits are difficult to obtain, and construction is slow and expensive. The hunt is on for new approaches to energy storage.

    The New Yorker. Abril, 2022. Adaptado. 
    Segundo o texto, quando a geração de energia por células solares ou turbinas eólicas é insuficiente para atender à demanda, uma fonte de energia alternativa envolveria a conversão de 
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 9a50d464-7a
  • Linguagens

    Inglês

    Imagem da questão de Inglês, USP 2022, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

    No meme, a inadequação da resposta à questão está baseada no efeito de sentido proveniente da presença de 
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 9a645134-7a
  • Linguagens

    Inglês

    Read text 1 to answer question.


    Text 1  

    Imagem da questão de Inglês, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia - Goiás 2011, Aspectos linguísticos | Linguistic aspects

    Newsweek. Available in http://www.newsweek.com/photo/2008/12/18/cartoonsnewsweeks-best-of-2008.html. Access on: May 03, 2011. 

    The sentence “Consider him gone.”, at the bottom of the second picture:
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 9aa55cd9-b6
  • Linguagens

    Inglês

    Read text 2 to answer question.


    Text 2

    For Obama, Big Rise in Poll Numbers After Bin Laden Raid 

        Support for President Obama has risen sharply following the killing of Osama bin Laden by American military forces in Pakistan. Support for the president rose significantly among both Republicans and independents.

        Among independents, his approval rating increased 11 points from last month, to 52 percent, while among Republicans it rose 15 points, to 24 percent. Among Democrats, 86 percent supported his job performance, compared with 79 percent in April.

        In all, 57 percent said they now approved of the president’s job performance, up from 46 percent last month. More than six in 10 Americans said that killing Bin Laden was likely to increase the threat of terrorism against the United States in the short term. Nearly half said the nation should decrease troop levels in Afghanistan, but more than six in 10 also said the United States had not completed its mission in Afghanistan.

    Adapted from: The New York Times. Available in http://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/05/us/politics/05poll.html ?hp. Access on: May 04, 2011. 

    Analyze the statements below.

    I. The approval of president Obama’s government is higher after bin Laden’s death.
    II. Now, 52% of independents and 15% of Republicans support Obama’s government.
    III. The majority of the population believes terrorism will end because bin Laden is dead.
    IV. Most Americans believe the war in Afghanistan is no longer necessary.

    It is right to affirm that:
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 9aa9de8e-b6
  • Linguagens

    Inglês

    Read text 2 to answer question.


    Text 2

    For Obama, Big Rise in Poll Numbers After Bin Laden Raid 

        Support for President Obama has risen sharply following the killing of Osama bin Laden by American military forces in Pakistan. Support for the president rose significantly among both Republicans and independents.

        Among independents, his approval rating increased 11 points from last month, to 52 percent, while among Republicans it rose 15 points, to 24 percent. Among Democrats, 86 percent supported his job performance, compared with 79 percent in April.

        In all, 57 percent said they now approved of the president’s job performance, up from 46 percent last month. More than six in 10 Americans said that killing Bin Laden was likely to increase the threat of terrorism against the United States in the short term. Nearly half said the nation should decrease troop levels in Afghanistan, but more than six in 10 also said the United States had not completed its mission in Afghanistan.

    Adapted from: The New York Times. Available in http://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/05/us/politics/05poll.html ?hp. Access on: May 04, 2011. 

    According to the text, it is correct to affirm that:
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 9aae6c6e-b6
  • Linguagens

    Inglês

    Read text 2 to answer question.


    Text 2

    For Obama, Big Rise in Poll Numbers After Bin Laden Raid 

        Support for President Obama has risen sharply following the killing of Osama bin Laden by American military forces in Pakistan. Support for the president rose significantly among both Republicans and independents.

        Among independents, his approval rating increased 11 points from last month, to 52 percent, while among Republicans it rose 15 points, to 24 percent. Among Democrats, 86 percent supported his job performance, compared with 79 percent in April.

        In all, 57 percent said they now approved of the president’s job performance, up from 46 percent last month. More than six in 10 Americans said that killing Bin Laden was likely to increase the threat of terrorism against the United States in the short term. Nearly half said the nation should decrease troop levels in Afghanistan, but more than six in 10 also said the United States had not completed its mission in Afghanistan.

    Adapted from: The New York Times. Available in http://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/05/us/politics/05poll.html ?hp. Access on: May 04, 2011. 

    About the fragment “more than six in 10 also said the United States had not completed its mission in Afghanistan”, in the last paragraph, it is incorrect to affirm that:
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 9ab44ac7-b6