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Questões de Inglês do ENEM

Questões de Inglês, da área de Linguagens, com gabarito em cada página.

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    Considere o texto sobre as manifestações ocorridas em meados de 2013 no Brasil para responder a questão.


    Brazil Leader Suffers Setback on Overhaul



        While the president and other politicians have publicly sympathized with the protesters, passing major changes remains daunting and demonstrations continue to simmer across the country. Still, some changes have come at a surprising pace, including harsher penalties for government corruption and rollbacks of transit fares. Legislation to put 75 percent of oil royalties toward education and 25 percent toward health care — two areas that have been a focus of the protests — is moving quickly through Congress.
        But political change has proved sticky for Ms. Rousseff. She first called for a constituent assembly, but withdrew the proposal under criticism from politicians and legal experts. Then she proposed a plebiscite to be held in time for changes to take effect by next year’s election, meaning the vote would have to be held, and subsequent congressional legislation enacted, by early October.
    (www.nytimes.com - acesso em 08/07/2013)
    Baseado nas informações contidas no texto, é correto afirmar que a Presidenta Dilma Roussef
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    Inglês

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    Considere o texto sobre as manifestações ocorridas em meados de 2013 no Brasil para responder a questão.


    Brazil Leader Suffers Setback on Overhaul



        While the president and other politicians have publicly sympathized with the protesters, passing major changes remains daunting and demonstrations continue to simmer across the country. Still, some changes have come at a surprising pace, including harsher penalties for government corruption and rollbacks of transit fares. Legislation to put 75 percent of oil royalties toward education and 25 percent toward health care — two areas that have been a focus of the protests — is moving quickly through Congress.
        But political change has proved sticky for Ms. Rousseff. She first called for a constituent assembly, but withdrew the proposal under criticism from politicians and legal experts. Then she proposed a plebiscite to be held in time for changes to take effect by next year’s election, meaning the vote would have to be held, and subsequent congressional legislation enacted, by early October.
    (www.nytimes.com - acesso em 08/07/2013)
    De acordo com o primeiro parágrafo do texto, é correto afirmar que:
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    Student on Homesickness

    When the homesickness hits, I usually get lazy and tired and just feel like going home and sleeping. I miss the safety of my family and the comfort of home, but most of all I miss my mother and just being able to talk to her whenever I want.

    The homesickness usually hits when I feel out of place, or when I hear a song, or see something that reminds me of them. Usually, when I Skype them, it makes me feel worse because I can see them and talk to them, but I can't be with them.

    Lara Wyatt, 20, Boston.

    Disponível em: www.bbc.co.uk. Acesso em: 25 set. 2013.


    O texto descreve uma situação muito comum entre as pessoas que passam a viver fora de sua cidade. Considerando as palavras homesickness, family e comfort, o depoimento da estudante Lara Wyatt ressalta

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    Inglês

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    Considere o texto sobre as manifestações ocorridas em meados de 2013 no Brasil para responder a questão.


    Brazil Leader Suffers Setback on Overhaul



        While the president and other politicians have publicly sympathized with the protesters, passing major changes remains daunting and demonstrations continue to simmer across the country. Still, some changes have come at a surprising pace, including harsher penalties for government corruption and rollbacks of transit fares. Legislation to put 75 percent of oil royalties toward education and 25 percent toward health care — two areas that have been a focus of the protests — is moving quickly through Congress.
        But political change has proved sticky for Ms. Rousseff. She first called for a constituent assembly, but withdrew the proposal under criticism from politicians and legal experts. Then she proposed a plebiscite to be held in time for changes to take effect by next year’s election, meaning the vote would have to be held, and subsequent congressional legislation enacted, by early October.
    (www.nytimes.com - acesso em 08/07/2013)
    No texto, são mencionadas mudanças reivindicadas pelas manifestações. Assinale a alternativa que apresente uma mudança efetivamente em curso:
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    Avoiding Aggressive Driving

    The amount of aggressive driving is increasing on our roads. Some of the signs of an aggressive driver include a person who changes lanes abruptly to pass a slower driver, a driver who tailgates in an attempt to get another driver to speed up, and a driver who curses at other drivers. They put themselves and others at risk on the roads. A variety of studies have revealed certain traits common in aggressive drivers. If a person is ever pursued by an aggressive driver, he or she should ask someone in the car to call 911 or drive to a nearby police station. […] Finally, people who engage in aggressive driving behaviors take the chance of injuring or killing themselves and other drivers.

    ROBERTSON, M. Disponível em: www.lelandwest.com. Acesso em: 14 set. 2013 (adaptado).


    A violência no trânsito é um dos grandes problemas da sociedade contemporânea. O número de motoristas agressivos tem crescido cada vez mais nas estradas. Segundo o texto, um dos sinais comuns de agressividade é

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    Democracy and hypocrisy


        REMEMBER the opprobrium heaped on Recep Tayyip Erdogan, Turkey’s prime minister, in June for using tear gas and water-cannon against his people? Imagine the outrage if Vladimir Putin ordered Russian troops to fire live ammunition into demonstrators on the streets of Moscow. But over the weekend, when Egypt’s generals set about killing scores of protesters, the West responded with furrowed brows and pleas for all sides to refrain from violence. Such meekness betrays not only a lack of moral courage, but also a poor sense of where Egypt’s—and the West’s—real interests lie.
        The shooting took place in Cairo early on July 27th near the parade ground where, three decades earlier, President Anwar Sadat had been assassinated. Supporters of Muhammad Morsi, ousted in a coup at the beginning of July, were marching to demand that the army should restore him to the presidency. Riot police (and their civilian supporters) opened fire. More than 80 members of the Muslim Brotherhood, Mr Morsi’s party, died; many more were injured.
    [...]
    (www.economist.com - acesso em 07/08/2013)
    A reação do Ocidente à atitude do governo do Egito, citada no primeiro parágrafo do texto, foi:
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    Democracy and hypocrisy


        REMEMBER the opprobrium heaped on Recep Tayyip Erdogan, Turkey’s prime minister, in June for using tear gas and water-cannon against his people? Imagine the outrage if Vladimir Putin ordered Russian troops to fire live ammunition into demonstrators on the streets of Moscow. But over the weekend, when Egypt’s generals set about killing scores of protesters, the West responded with furrowed brows and pleas for all sides to refrain from violence. Such meekness betrays not only a lack of moral courage, but also a poor sense of where Egypt’s—and the West’s—real interests lie.
        The shooting took place in Cairo early on July 27th near the parade ground where, three decades earlier, President Anwar Sadat had been assassinated. Supporters of Muhammad Morsi, ousted in a coup at the beginning of July, were marching to demand that the army should restore him to the presidency. Riot police (and their civilian supporters) opened fire. More than 80 members of the Muslim Brotherhood, Mr Morsi’s party, died; many more were injured.
    [...]
    (www.economist.com - acesso em 07/08/2013)
    De acordo com o texto, é verdadeiro:
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    Considere o cartoon abaixo para responder a questão.


    Imagem da questão de Inglês, Escola Superior de Administração, Marketing e Comunicação 2013, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

    O cartoon apresenta uma crítica ao processo democrático. Apoiando-se nas informações do cartoon, indique a alternativa que apresenta essa crítica.
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    Admixture’s impact on Brazilian population evolution and health


        Brazil is a vast continental country home to the largest population in Latin America and boasts the world’s largest recently admixed population1 . The colonization process brought approximately 5 million Europeans to Brazil, alongside the forced migration of at least 5 million Africans and the decimation of Indigenous populations, which once included more than 10 million people speaking more than 1000 languages. This distinctive historical interplay shaped a complex mosaic of genetic diversity, underscoring the importance of detailed genomic studies. Nevertheless, similar to other populations in the Global South2 , the Brazilian population remains notably underrepresented in genomic research, where there is a lack of studies investigating the effects of this population’s admixture on its evolution, diversity, and health status.

        To address these gaps, a research group generated 2723 high-coverage whole-genome sequences of the Brazilian population, encompassing urban, rural, and riverine communities from all five geographical regions of Brazil. This dataset reflects a diverse group of ethnic backgrounds, including Afro-Brazilians and descendants of Indigenous people, and provides a comprehensive representation of Brazilian genomic diversity.


    (Kelly Nunes et al. www.science.org, 15.05.2025. Adaptado.)


    1admixed population: group of individuals formed through interbreeding of two or more previously isolated populations.

    2Global South: a group of countries mainly located in the Southern Hemisphere that are often characterized as developing, less developed or underdeveloped.
    According to the first paragraph, one of the facts about the Brazilian population is:
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    Leia o texto para responder à questão.


    Admixture’s impact on Brazilian population evolution and health


        Brazil is a vast continental country home to the largest population in Latin America and boasts the world’s largest recently admixed population1 . The colonization process brought approximately 5 million Europeans to Brazil, alongside the forced migration of at least 5 million Africans and the decimation of Indigenous populations, which once included more than 10 million people speaking more than 1000 languages. This distinctive historical interplay shaped a complex mosaic of genetic diversity, underscoring the importance of detailed genomic studies. Nevertheless, similar to other populations in the Global South2 , the Brazilian population remains notably underrepresented in genomic research, where there is a lack of studies investigating the effects of this population’s admixture on its evolution, diversity, and health status.

        To address these gaps, a research group generated 2723 high-coverage whole-genome sequences of the Brazilian population, encompassing urban, rural, and riverine communities from all five geographical regions of Brazil. This dataset reflects a diverse group of ethnic backgrounds, including Afro-Brazilians and descendants of Indigenous people, and provides a comprehensive representation of Brazilian genomic diversity.


    (Kelly Nunes et al. www.science.org, 15.05.2025. Adaptado.)


    1admixed population: group of individuals formed through interbreeding of two or more previously isolated populations.

    2Global South: a group of countries mainly located in the Southern Hemisphere that are often characterized as developing, less developed or underdeveloped.
    In the excerpt from the first paragraph “The colonization process brought approximately 5 million Europeans to Brazil, alongside the forced migration of at least 5 million Africans”, the underlined word can be replaced, without meaning change, by:
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 4b45ea3d-2d
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    Leia o texto para responder à questão.


    Admixture’s impact on Brazilian population evolution and health


        Brazil is a vast continental country home to the largest population in Latin America and boasts the world’s largest recently admixed population1 . The colonization process brought approximately 5 million Europeans to Brazil, alongside the forced migration of at least 5 million Africans and the decimation of Indigenous populations, which once included more than 10 million people speaking more than 1000 languages. This distinctive historical interplay shaped a complex mosaic of genetic diversity, underscoring the importance of detailed genomic studies. Nevertheless, similar to other populations in the Global South2 , the Brazilian population remains notably underrepresented in genomic research, where there is a lack of studies investigating the effects of this population’s admixture on its evolution, diversity, and health status.

        To address these gaps, a research group generated 2723 high-coverage whole-genome sequences of the Brazilian population, encompassing urban, rural, and riverine communities from all five geographical regions of Brazil. This dataset reflects a diverse group of ethnic backgrounds, including Afro-Brazilians and descendants of Indigenous people, and provides a comprehensive representation of Brazilian genomic diversity.


    (Kelly Nunes et al. www.science.org, 15.05.2025. Adaptado.)


    1admixed population: group of individuals formed through interbreeding of two or more previously isolated populations.

    2Global South: a group of countries mainly located in the Southern Hemisphere that are often characterized as developing, less developed or underdeveloped.
    In the excerpt from the first paragraph “Nevertheless, similar to other populations in the Global South”, the underlined word expresses
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    Leia o texto para responder à questão.


    Admixture’s impact on Brazilian population evolution and health


        Brazil is a vast continental country home to the largest population in Latin America and boasts the world’s largest recently admixed population1 . The colonization process brought approximately 5 million Europeans to Brazil, alongside the forced migration of at least 5 million Africans and the decimation of Indigenous populations, which once included more than 10 million people speaking more than 1000 languages. This distinctive historical interplay shaped a complex mosaic of genetic diversity, underscoring the importance of detailed genomic studies. Nevertheless, similar to other populations in the Global South2 , the Brazilian population remains notably underrepresented in genomic research, where there is a lack of studies investigating the effects of this population’s admixture on its evolution, diversity, and health status.

        To address these gaps, a research group generated 2723 high-coverage whole-genome sequences of the Brazilian population, encompassing urban, rural, and riverine communities from all five geographical regions of Brazil. This dataset reflects a diverse group of ethnic backgrounds, including Afro-Brazilians and descendants of Indigenous people, and provides a comprehensive representation of Brazilian genomic diversity.


    (Kelly Nunes et al. www.science.org, 15.05.2025. Adaptado.)


    1admixed population: group of individuals formed through interbreeding of two or more previously isolated populations.

    2Global South: a group of countries mainly located in the Southern Hemisphere that are often characterized as developing, less developed or underdeveloped.
    No trecho do segundo parágrafo “To address these gaps, a research group generated 2 723 high-coverage whole-genome sequences”, a expressão sublinhada refere-se, no contexto,
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    Leia o texto para responder à questão.


    Admixture’s impact on Brazilian population evolution and health


        Brazil is a vast continental country home to the largest population in Latin America and boasts the world’s largest recently admixed population1 . The colonization process brought approximately 5 million Europeans to Brazil, alongside the forced migration of at least 5 million Africans and the decimation of Indigenous populations, which once included more than 10 million people speaking more than 1000 languages. This distinctive historical interplay shaped a complex mosaic of genetic diversity, underscoring the importance of detailed genomic studies. Nevertheless, similar to other populations in the Global South2 , the Brazilian population remains notably underrepresented in genomic research, where there is a lack of studies investigating the effects of this population’s admixture on its evolution, diversity, and health status.

        To address these gaps, a research group generated 2723 high-coverage whole-genome sequences of the Brazilian population, encompassing urban, rural, and riverine communities from all five geographical regions of Brazil. This dataset reflects a diverse group of ethnic backgrounds, including Afro-Brazilians and descendants of Indigenous people, and provides a comprehensive representation of Brazilian genomic diversity.


    (Kelly Nunes et al. www.science.org, 15.05.2025. Adaptado.)


    1admixed population: group of individuals formed through interbreeding of two or more previously isolated populations.

    2Global South: a group of countries mainly located in the Southern Hemisphere that are often characterized as developing, less developed or underdeveloped.
    According to the second paragraph, as a result of the study, the researchers managed to supply
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    Life Expectancy (1900-2023)


        People are living longer. In 1900, the average life expectancy of a newborn was 32 years. By 2021 this had more than doubled to 71 years.

        The large reduction in child mortality has played an important role in increasing life expectancy. But life expectancy has increased at all ages. Infants, children, adults, and the elderly are all less likely to die than in the past, and death is being delayed. This remarkable shift results from advances in medicine, public health, and living standards. Along with it, many predictions of the “limit” of life expectancy have been broken.


    Imagem da questão de Inglês, Centro Universitário Padre Albino - UNIFIPA 2025, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

    (Saloni Dattani et al. https://ourworldindata.org, 2023. Adaptado.)
    O trecho do texto que pode ser confirmado no gráfico é:
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    Life Expectancy (1900-2023)


        People are living longer. In 1900, the average life expectancy of a newborn was 32 years. By 2021 this had more than doubled to 71 years.

        The large reduction in child mortality has played an important role in increasing life expectancy. But life expectancy has increased at all ages. Infants, children, adults, and the elderly are all less likely to die than in the past, and death is being delayed. This remarkable shift results from advances in medicine, public health, and living standards. Along with it, many predictions of the “limit” of life expectancy have been broken.


    Imagem da questão de Inglês, Centro Universitário Padre Albino - UNIFIPA 2025, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

    (Saloni Dattani et al. https://ourworldindata.org, 2023. Adaptado.)
    According to the chart,
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    Life Expectancy (1900-2023)


        People are living longer. In 1900, the average life expectancy of a newborn was 32 years. By 2021 this had more than doubled to 71 years.

        The large reduction in child mortality has played an important role in increasing life expectancy. But life expectancy has increased at all ages. Infants, children, adults, and the elderly are all less likely to die than in the past, and death is being delayed. This remarkable shift results from advances in medicine, public health, and living standards. Along with it, many predictions of the “limit” of life expectancy have been broken.


    Imagem da questão de Inglês, Centro Universitário Padre Albino - UNIFIPA 2025, Tradução | Translation

    (Saloni Dattani et al. https://ourworldindata.org, 2023. Adaptado.)
    No trecho do segundo parágrafo “Infants, children, adults, and the elderly are all less likely to die than in the past”, o termo sublinhado equivale, em português, a:
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    Life Expectancy (1900-2023)


        People are living longer. In 1900, the average life expectancy of a newborn was 32 years. By 2021 this had more than doubled to 71 years.

        The large reduction in child mortality has played an important role in increasing life expectancy. But life expectancy has increased at all ages. Infants, children, adults, and the elderly are all less likely to die than in the past, and death is being delayed. This remarkable shift results from advances in medicine, public health, and living standards. Along with it, many predictions of the “limit” of life expectancy have been broken.


    Imagem da questão de Inglês, Centro Universitário Padre Albino - UNIFIPA 2025, Palavras conectivas | Connective words

    (Saloni Dattani et al. https://ourworldindata.org, 2023. Adaptado.)
    In the excerpt from the second paragraph, “Along with it, many predictions of the ‘limit’ of life expectancy have been broken”, the underlined expression can be replaced, without meaning change, by:
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    Imagem da questão de Inglês, UNICAMP 2021, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension
    (Disponível em https://toonhole.com/comic/what-would-you-like-for-christmas. Acessado em 30/07/2020.) 


    Ao reformular a sua pergunta, o Papai Noel 
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    A página Greengo Dictionary apresenta, em inglês, interpretações bem-humoradas de expressões do português do Brasil.

    Imagem da questão de Inglês, UNICAMP 2021, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension
    (Disponível em https://www.instagram.com/greengodictionary. Acessado em 26/05/2020.)


    Pode-se dizer que a expressão “little lecture” 
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    Em uma entrevista, a escritora nigeriana Ayobami Adebayo refletiu sobre os personagens principais (Yejide e Akin) e o contexto sociopolítico de seu romance Stay With Me.

    Imagem da questão de Inglês, UNICAMP 2021, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

    While writing, I also started thinking about the middle class in Nigeria. When Yejide visits her mother-in-law, there’s a very low fence in front of their house. It’s barely a fence. When Yejide and Akin build their own house in the early nineties, they erect a fence that’s higher than the house. You can’t see inside. That was something I observed about architecture in Nigeria—that at some point, probably in the eighties and nineties, when things became quite turbulent and there was all of this insecurity, one of the ways the people who could afford to insulate themselves against what was going on did was to build higher fences, to use money as a shield in a sense. I wanted that political turbulence to play in the background.
    (Adaptado de https://www.theparisreview.org/blog/2017/08/08/great-expectations -interview-ayobami-adebayo/. Acessado em 21/07/2020.) 


    Segundo a autora, as casas e as cercas na Nigéria representam
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