Questões de Inglês do ENEM

Questões de Inglês, da área de Linguagens, com gabarito em cada página.

Resultados

5.311 questões encontradas. Mostrando a página 45 de 266.

  • 21AD45E8-65

    Inglês

    Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension
    UNESP · 2021DifícilEntre para guardar nos favoritos

    Analise o mapa para responder à questão.


    Imagem da questão de Inglês, da prova de 2021

    O retângulo destacado no mapa e seu texto informam que, muitas vezes, o desmatamento
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 21ad45e8-65
  • 21A8A625-65

    Inglês

    Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension
    UNESP · 2021FácilEntre para guardar nos favoritos

    Imagem da questão de Inglês, da prova de 2021


    De acordo com o cartum,

    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 21a8a625-65
  • 21A40BCF-65

    Inglês

    Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension
    UNESP · 2021MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritos

    When will the Amazon hit a tipping point?


    Imagem da questão de Inglês, da prova de 2021


        Scientists say climate change, deforestation and fires could cause the world’s largest rainforest to dry out. The big question is how soon that might happen. Seen from a monitoring tower above the treetops near Manaus, in the Brazilian Amazon, the rainforest canopy stretches to the horizon as an endless sea of green. It looks like a rich and healthy ecosystem, but appearances are deceiving. This rainforest — which holds 16,000 separate tree species — is slowly drying out.

        Over the past century, the average temperature in the forest has risen by 1-1.5 ºC. In some parts, the dry season has expanded during the past 50 years, from four months to almost five. Severe droughts have hit three times since 2005. That’s all driving a shift in vegetation. In 2018, a study reported that trees that do best in moist conditions, such as tropical legumes from the genus Inga, are dying. Those adapted to drier climes, such as the Brazil nut tree (Bertholletia excelsa), are thriving.

        At the same time, large parts of the Amazon, the world’s largest rainforest, are being cut down and burnt. Tree clearing has already shrunk the forest by around 15% from its 1970s extent of more than 6 million square kilometres; in Brazil, which contains more than half the forest, more than 19% has disappeared. Last year, deforestation in Brazil spiked by around 30% to almost 10,000 km2 , the largest loss in a decade. And in August 2019, videos of wildfires in the Amazon made international headlines. The number of fires that month was the highest for any August since an extreme drought in 2010.

    (www.nature.com, 25.02.2020. Adaptado.)

    Imagem da questão de Inglês, da prova de 2021


    O cartum ilustra que o aumento de temperatura, também citado no texto,

    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 21a40bcf-65
  • 219F82C0-65

    Inglês

    Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension
    UNESP · 2021MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritos

    When will the Amazon hit a tipping point?


    Imagem da questão de Inglês, da prova de 2021


        Scientists say climate change, deforestation and fires could cause the world’s largest rainforest to dry out. The big question is how soon that might happen. Seen from a monitoring tower above the treetops near Manaus, in the Brazilian Amazon, the rainforest canopy stretches to the horizon as an endless sea of green. It looks like a rich and healthy ecosystem, but appearances are deceiving. This rainforest — which holds 16,000 separate tree species — is slowly drying out.

        Over the past century, the average temperature in the forest has risen by 1-1.5 ºC. In some parts, the dry season has expanded during the past 50 years, from four months to almost five. Severe droughts have hit three times since 2005. That’s all driving a shift in vegetation. In 2018, a study reported that trees that do best in moist conditions, such as tropical legumes from the genus Inga, are dying. Those adapted to drier climes, such as the Brazil nut tree (Bertholletia excelsa), are thriving.

        At the same time, large parts of the Amazon, the world’s largest rainforest, are being cut down and burnt. Tree clearing has already shrunk the forest by around 15% from its 1970s extent of more than 6 million square kilometres; in Brazil, which contains more than half the forest, more than 19% has disappeared. Last year, deforestation in Brazil spiked by around 30% to almost 10,000 km2 , the largest loss in a decade. And in August 2019, videos of wildfires in the Amazon made international headlines. The number of fires that month was the highest for any August since an extreme drought in 2010.

    (www.nature.com, 25.02.2020. Adaptado.)

    De acordo com o terceiro parágrafo, a floresta amazônica
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 219f82c0-65
  • 2199604F-65

    Inglês

    Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension
    UNESP · 2021DifícilEntre para guardar nos favoritos

    When will the Amazon hit a tipping point?


    Imagem da questão de Inglês, da prova de 2021


        Scientists say climate change, deforestation and fires could cause the world’s largest rainforest to dry out. The big question is how soon that might happen. Seen from a monitoring tower above the treetops near Manaus, in the Brazilian Amazon, the rainforest canopy stretches to the horizon as an endless sea of green. It looks like a rich and healthy ecosystem, but appearances are deceiving. This rainforest — which holds 16,000 separate tree species — is slowly drying out.

        Over the past century, the average temperature in the forest has risen by 1-1.5 ºC. In some parts, the dry season has expanded during the past 50 years, from four months to almost five. Severe droughts have hit three times since 2005. That’s all driving a shift in vegetation. In 2018, a study reported that trees that do best in moist conditions, such as tropical legumes from the genus Inga, are dying. Those adapted to drier climes, such as the Brazil nut tree (Bertholletia excelsa), are thriving.

        At the same time, large parts of the Amazon, the world’s largest rainforest, are being cut down and burnt. Tree clearing has already shrunk the forest by around 15% from its 1970s extent of more than 6 million square kilometres; in Brazil, which contains more than half the forest, more than 19% has disappeared. Last year, deforestation in Brazil spiked by around 30% to almost 10,000 km2 , the largest loss in a decade. And in August 2019, videos of wildfires in the Amazon made international headlines. The number of fires that month was the highest for any August since an extreme drought in 2010.

    (www.nature.com, 25.02.2020. Adaptado.)

    According to the second paragraph, a change in vegetation can be noticed by
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 2199604f-65
  • 2194E9FB-65

    Inglês

    Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension
    UNESP · 2021MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritos

    When will the Amazon hit a tipping point?


    Imagem da questão de Inglês, da prova de 2021


        Scientists say climate change, deforestation and fires could cause the world’s largest rainforest to dry out. The big question is how soon that might happen. Seen from a monitoring tower above the treetops near Manaus, in the Brazilian Amazon, the rainforest canopy stretches to the horizon as an endless sea of green. It looks like a rich and healthy ecosystem, but appearances are deceiving. This rainforest — which holds 16,000 separate tree species — is slowly drying out.

        Over the past century, the average temperature in the forest has risen by 1-1.5 ºC. In some parts, the dry season has expanded during the past 50 years, from four months to almost five. Severe droughts have hit three times since 2005. That’s all driving a shift in vegetation. In 2018, a study reported that trees that do best in moist conditions, such as tropical legumes from the genus Inga, are dying. Those adapted to drier climes, such as the Brazil nut tree (Bertholletia excelsa), are thriving.

        At the same time, large parts of the Amazon, the world’s largest rainforest, are being cut down and burnt. Tree clearing has already shrunk the forest by around 15% from its 1970s extent of more than 6 million square kilometres; in Brazil, which contains more than half the forest, more than 19% has disappeared. Last year, deforestation in Brazil spiked by around 30% to almost 10,000 km2 , the largest loss in a decade. And in August 2019, videos of wildfires in the Amazon made international headlines. The number of fires that month was the highest for any August since an extreme drought in 2010.

    (www.nature.com, 25.02.2020. Adaptado.)

    According to the first paragraph, the Amazon rainforest
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 2194e9fb-65
  • 21605D6A-65

    Inglês

    Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension
    UNESP · 2021MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritos

    Examine o cartum de Sofia Warren, publicado em sua conta no Instagram em 09.03.2020.


    Imagem da questão de Inglês, da prova de 2021


    Contribuem para o efeito de humor do cartum os seguintes recursos expressivos:

    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 21605d6a-65
  • 21415B35-65

    Inglês

    Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension
    UNESP · 2021MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritos

    Examine a anedota publicada pela comunidade “The Language Nerds” em sua conta no Facebook em 22.01.2020.


    Imagem da questão de Inglês, da prova de 2021


    A anedota sugere que

    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 21415b35-65
  • 21219528-65

    Inglês

    Aspectos linguísticos | Linguistic aspects
    UNESP · 2021MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritos

    Examine a tira de Alex Culang e Raynato Castro.


    Imagem da questão de Inglês, da prova de 2021


    Para que a história tivesse um desfecho favorável à garota, seria necessário

    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 21219528-65
  • 7E7D31B0-92

    Inglês

    Adjetivos | Adjectives
    UECE · 2020FácilEntre para guardar nos favoritos
    Americans May Add Five Times More Plastic to the Oceans Than Thought

    The United States is using more
    plastic than ever, and waste exported for
    recycling is often mishandled, according
    to a new study.
    The United States contribution
    to coastal plastic pollution worldwide is
    significantly larger than previously
    thought, possibly by as much as five
    times, according to a study published
    Friday. The research, published in Science
    Advances, is the sequel to a 2015 paper
    by the same authors. Two factors
    contributed to the sharp increase:
    Americans are using more plastic than
    ever and the current study included
    pollution generated by United States
    exports of plastic waste, while the earlier
    one did not.
    The United States, which does
    not have sufficient infrastructure to
    handle its recycling demands at home,
    exports about half of its recyclable waste.
    Of the total exported, about 88 percent
    ends up in countries considered to have
    inadequate waste management.
    “When you consider how much
    of our plastic waste isn’t actually
    recyclable because it is low-value,
    contaminated or difficult to process, it’s
    not surprising that a lot of it ends up
    polluting the environment,” said the
    study’s lead author, Kara Lavender Law,
    research professor of oceanography at
    Sea Education Association, in a
    statement.
    The study estimates that in
    2016, the United States contributed
    between 1.1 and 2.2 million metric tons of
    plastic waste to the oceans through a
    combination of littering, dumping and 
    mismanaged exports. At a minimum,
    that’s almost double the total estimated
    waste in the team’s previous study. At the
    high end, it would be a fivefold increase
    over the earlier estimate.
    Nicholas Mallos, a senior
    director at the Ocean Conservancy and an
    author of the study, said the upper
    estimate would be equal to a pile of
    plastic covering the area of the White
    House Lawn and reaching as high as the
    Empire State Building.
    The ranges are wide partly
    because “there’s no real standard for
    being able to provide good quality data on
    collection and disposal of waste in
    general,” said Ted Siegler, a resource
    economist at DSM Environmental
    Solutions, a consulting firm, and an
    author of the study. Mr. Siegler said the
    researchers had evaluated waste-disposal
    practices in countries around the world
    and used their “best professional
    judgment” to determine the lowest and
    highest amounts of plastic waste likely to
    escape into the environment. They settled
    on a range of 25 percent to 75 percent.
    Tony Walker, an associate
    professor at the Dalhousie University
    School for Resource and Environmental
    Studies in Halifax, Nova Scotia, said that
    analyzing waste data can amount to a
    “data minefield” because there are no
    data standards across municipalities.
    Moreover, once plastic waste is shipped
    overseas, he said, data is often not
    recorded at all.
    Nonetheless, Dr. Walker, who
    was not involved in the study, said it
    could offer a more accurate accounting of
    plastic pollution than the previous study,
    which likely underestimated the United
    States’ contribution. “They’ve put their
    best estimate, as accurate as they can be
    with this data,” he said, and used ranges,
    which underscores that the figures are
    estimates.
    Of the plastics that go into the
    United States recycling system, about 9
    percent of the country’s total plastic
    waste, there is no guarantee that they’ll
    be remade into new consumer goods. New
    plastic is so inexpensive to manufacture
    that only certain expensive, high-grade
    plastics are profitable to recycle within the
    United States, which is why roughly half
    of the country’s plastic waste was shipped
    abroad in 2016, the most recent year for
    which data is available.
    Since 2016, however, the
    recycling landscape has changed. China
    and many countries in Southeast Asia
    have stopped accepting plastic waste
    imports. And lower oil prices have further
    reduced the market for recycled plastic.
    “What the new study really underscores is
    we have to get a handle on source
    reduction at home,” Mr. Mallos said. “That
    starts with eliminating unnecessary and
    problematic single-use plastics.”

    From: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/30/
    The superlative forms of the adjectives accurate, large, and easy are, respectively,
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 7e7d31b0-92
  • 7E7AEEE3-92

    Inglês

    Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension
    UECE · 2020Muito fácilEntre para guardar nos favoritos
    Americans May Add Five Times More Plastic to the Oceans Than Thought

    The United States is using more
    plastic than ever, and waste exported for
    recycling is often mishandled, according
    to a new study.
    The United States contribution
    to coastal plastic pollution worldwide is
    significantly larger than previously
    thought, possibly by as much as five
    times, according to a study published
    Friday. The research, published in Science
    Advances, is the sequel to a 2015 paper
    by the same authors. Two factors
    contributed to the sharp increase:
    Americans are using more plastic than
    ever and the current study included
    pollution generated by United States
    exports of plastic waste, while the earlier
    one did not.
    The United States, which does
    not have sufficient infrastructure to
    handle its recycling demands at home,
    exports about half of its recyclable waste.
    Of the total exported, about 88 percent
    ends up in countries considered to have
    inadequate waste management.
    “When you consider how much
    of our plastic waste isn’t actually
    recyclable because it is low-value,
    contaminated or difficult to process, it’s
    not surprising that a lot of it ends up
    polluting the environment,” said the
    study’s lead author, Kara Lavender Law,
    research professor of oceanography at
    Sea Education Association, in a
    statement.
    The study estimates that in
    2016, the United States contributed
    between 1.1 and 2.2 million metric tons of
    plastic waste to the oceans through a
    combination of littering, dumping and 
    mismanaged exports. At a minimum,
    that’s almost double the total estimated
    waste in the team’s previous study. At the
    high end, it would be a fivefold increase
    over the earlier estimate.
    Nicholas Mallos, a senior
    director at the Ocean Conservancy and an
    author of the study, said the upper
    estimate would be equal to a pile of
    plastic covering the area of the White
    House Lawn and reaching as high as the
    Empire State Building.
    The ranges are wide partly
    because “there’s no real standard for
    being able to provide good quality data on
    collection and disposal of waste in
    general,” said Ted Siegler, a resource
    economist at DSM Environmental
    Solutions, a consulting firm, and an
    author of the study. Mr. Siegler said the
    researchers had evaluated waste-disposal
    practices in countries around the world
    and used their “best professional
    judgment” to determine the lowest and
    highest amounts of plastic waste likely to
    escape into the environment. They settled
    on a range of 25 percent to 75 percent.
    Tony Walker, an associate
    professor at the Dalhousie University
    School for Resource and Environmental
    Studies in Halifax, Nova Scotia, said that
    analyzing waste data can amount to a
    “data minefield” because there are no
    data standards across municipalities.
    Moreover, once plastic waste is shipped
    overseas, he said, data is often not
    recorded at all.
    Nonetheless, Dr. Walker, who
    was not involved in the study, said it
    could offer a more accurate accounting of
    plastic pollution than the previous study,
    which likely underestimated the United
    States’ contribution. “They’ve put their
    best estimate, as accurate as they can be
    with this data,” he said, and used ranges,
    which underscores that the figures are
    estimates.
    Of the plastics that go into the
    United States recycling system, about 9
    percent of the country’s total plastic
    waste, there is no guarantee that they’ll
    be remade into new consumer goods. New
    plastic is so inexpensive to manufacture
    that only certain expensive, high-grade
    plastics are profitable to recycle within the
    United States, which is why roughly half
    of the country’s plastic waste was shipped
    abroad in 2016, the most recent year for
    which data is available.
    Since 2016, however, the
    recycling landscape has changed. China
    and many countries in Southeast Asia
    have stopped accepting plastic waste
    imports. And lower oil prices have further
    reduced the market for recycled plastic.
    “What the new study really underscores is
    we have to get a handle on source
    reduction at home,” Mr. Mallos said. “That
    starts with eliminating unnecessary and
    problematic single-use plastics.”

    From: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/30/
    The phrase “The research, published in Science Advances…” (lines 10-11) can be correctly rewritten as
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 7e7aeee3-92
  • 7E78A282-92

    Inglês

    Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension
    UECE · 2020FácilEntre para guardar nos favoritos
    Americans May Add Five Times More Plastic to the Oceans Than Thought

    The United States is using more
    plastic than ever, and waste exported for
    recycling is often mishandled, according
    to a new study.
    The United States contribution
    to coastal plastic pollution worldwide is
    significantly larger than previously
    thought, possibly by as much as five
    times, according to a study published
    Friday. The research, published in Science
    Advances, is the sequel to a 2015 paper
    by the same authors. Two factors
    contributed to the sharp increase:
    Americans are using more plastic than
    ever and the current study included
    pollution generated by United States
    exports of plastic waste, while the earlier
    one did not.
    The United States, which does
    not have sufficient infrastructure to
    handle its recycling demands at home,
    exports about half of its recyclable waste.
    Of the total exported, about 88 percent
    ends up in countries considered to have
    inadequate waste management.
    “When you consider how much
    of our plastic waste isn’t actually
    recyclable because it is low-value,
    contaminated or difficult to process, it’s
    not surprising that a lot of it ends up
    polluting the environment,” said the
    study’s lead author, Kara Lavender Law,
    research professor of oceanography at
    Sea Education Association, in a
    statement.
    The study estimates that in
    2016, the United States contributed
    between 1.1 and 2.2 million metric tons of
    plastic waste to the oceans through a
    combination of littering, dumping and 
    mismanaged exports. At a minimum,
    that’s almost double the total estimated
    waste in the team’s previous study. At the
    high end, it would be a fivefold increase
    over the earlier estimate.
    Nicholas Mallos, a senior
    director at the Ocean Conservancy and an
    author of the study, said the upper
    estimate would be equal to a pile of
    plastic covering the area of the White
    House Lawn and reaching as high as the
    Empire State Building.
    The ranges are wide partly
    because “there’s no real standard for
    being able to provide good quality data on
    collection and disposal of waste in
    general,” said Ted Siegler, a resource
    economist at DSM Environmental
    Solutions, a consulting firm, and an
    author of the study. Mr. Siegler said the
    researchers had evaluated waste-disposal
    practices in countries around the world
    and used their “best professional
    judgment” to determine the lowest and
    highest amounts of plastic waste likely to
    escape into the environment. They settled
    on a range of 25 percent to 75 percent.
    Tony Walker, an associate
    professor at the Dalhousie University
    School for Resource and Environmental
    Studies in Halifax, Nova Scotia, said that
    analyzing waste data can amount to a
    “data minefield” because there are no
    data standards across municipalities.
    Moreover, once plastic waste is shipped
    overseas, he said, data is often not
    recorded at all.
    Nonetheless, Dr. Walker, who
    was not involved in the study, said it
    could offer a more accurate accounting of
    plastic pollution than the previous study,
    which likely underestimated the United
    States’ contribution. “They’ve put their
    best estimate, as accurate as they can be
    with this data,” he said, and used ranges,
    which underscores that the figures are
    estimates.
    Of the plastics that go into the
    United States recycling system, about 9
    percent of the country’s total plastic
    waste, there is no guarantee that they’ll
    be remade into new consumer goods. New
    plastic is so inexpensive to manufacture
    that only certain expensive, high-grade
    plastics are profitable to recycle within the
    United States, which is why roughly half
    of the country’s plastic waste was shipped
    abroad in 2016, the most recent year for
    which data is available.
    Since 2016, however, the
    recycling landscape has changed. China
    and many countries in Southeast Asia
    have stopped accepting plastic waste
    imports. And lower oil prices have further
    reduced the market for recycled plastic.
    “What the new study really underscores is
    we have to get a handle on source
    reduction at home,” Mr. Mallos said. “That
    starts with eliminating unnecessary and
    problematic single-use plastics.”

    From: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/30/
    “There are no data standards” (lines 73-74) can be correctly rewritten as
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 7e78a282-92
  • 7E764026-92

    Inglês

    Infinitivo e gerúndio | Infinitive and gerund
    UECE · 2020DifícilEntre para guardar nos favoritos
    Americans May Add Five Times More Plastic to the Oceans Than Thought

    The United States is using more
    plastic than ever, and waste exported for
    recycling is often mishandled, according
    to a new study.
    The United States contribution
    to coastal plastic pollution worldwide is
    significantly larger than previously
    thought, possibly by as much as five
    times, according to a study published
    Friday. The research, published in Science
    Advances, is the sequel to a 2015 paper
    by the same authors. Two factors
    contributed to the sharp increase:
    Americans are using more plastic than
    ever and the current study included
    pollution generated by United States
    exports of plastic waste, while the earlier
    one did not.
    The United States, which does
    not have sufficient infrastructure to
    handle its recycling demands at home,
    exports about half of its recyclable waste.
    Of the total exported, about 88 percent
    ends up in countries considered to have
    inadequate waste management.
    “When you consider how much
    of our plastic waste isn’t actually
    recyclable because it is low-value,
    contaminated or difficult to process, it’s
    not surprising that a lot of it ends up
    polluting the environment,” said the
    study’s lead author, Kara Lavender Law,
    research professor of oceanography at
    Sea Education Association, in a
    statement.
    The study estimates that in
    2016, the United States contributed
    between 1.1 and 2.2 million metric tons of
    plastic waste to the oceans through a
    combination of littering, dumping and 
    mismanaged exports. At a minimum,
    that’s almost double the total estimated
    waste in the team’s previous study. At the
    high end, it would be a fivefold increase
    over the earlier estimate.
    Nicholas Mallos, a senior
    director at the Ocean Conservancy and an
    author of the study, said the upper
    estimate would be equal to a pile of
    plastic covering the area of the White
    House Lawn and reaching as high as the
    Empire State Building.
    The ranges are wide partly
    because “there’s no real standard for
    being able to provide good quality data on
    collection and disposal of waste in
    general,” said Ted Siegler, a resource
    economist at DSM Environmental
    Solutions, a consulting firm, and an
    author of the study. Mr. Siegler said the
    researchers had evaluated waste-disposal
    practices in countries around the world
    and used their “best professional
    judgment” to determine the lowest and
    highest amounts of plastic waste likely to
    escape into the environment. They settled
    on a range of 25 percent to 75 percent.
    Tony Walker, an associate
    professor at the Dalhousie University
    School for Resource and Environmental
    Studies in Halifax, Nova Scotia, said that
    analyzing waste data can amount to a
    “data minefield” because there are no
    data standards across municipalities.
    Moreover, once plastic waste is shipped
    overseas, he said, data is often not
    recorded at all.
    Nonetheless, Dr. Walker, who
    was not involved in the study, said it
    could offer a more accurate accounting of
    plastic pollution than the previous study,
    which likely underestimated the United
    States’ contribution. “They’ve put their
    best estimate, as accurate as they can be
    with this data,” he said, and used ranges,
    which underscores that the figures are
    estimates.
    Of the plastics that go into the
    United States recycling system, about 9
    percent of the country’s total plastic
    waste, there is no guarantee that they’ll
    be remade into new consumer goods. New
    plastic is so inexpensive to manufacture
    that only certain expensive, high-grade
    plastics are profitable to recycle within the
    United States, which is why roughly half
    of the country’s plastic waste was shipped
    abroad in 2016, the most recent year for
    which data is available.
    Since 2016, however, the
    recycling landscape has changed. China
    and many countries in Southeast Asia
    have stopped accepting plastic waste
    imports. And lower oil prices have further
    reduced the market for recycled plastic.
    “What the new study really underscores is
    we have to get a handle on source
    reduction at home,” Mr. Mallos said. “That
    starts with eliminating unnecessary and
    problematic single-use plastics.”

    From: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/30/
    In the phrases “Of the total exported” (line 23) and “in countries considered” (line 24), the two verbs are in the
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 7e764026-92
  • 7E740AA6-92

    Inglês

    Análise sintática | Syntax Parsing
    UECE · 2020FácilEntre para guardar nos favoritos
    Americans May Add Five Times More Plastic to the Oceans Than Thought

    The United States is using more
    plastic than ever, and waste exported for
    recycling is often mishandled, according
    to a new study.
    The United States contribution
    to coastal plastic pollution worldwide is
    significantly larger than previously
    thought, possibly by as much as five
    times, according to a study published
    Friday. The research, published in Science
    Advances, is the sequel to a 2015 paper
    by the same authors. Two factors
    contributed to the sharp increase:
    Americans are using more plastic than
    ever and the current study included
    pollution generated by United States
    exports of plastic waste, while the earlier
    one did not.
    The United States, which does
    not have sufficient infrastructure to
    handle its recycling demands at home,
    exports about half of its recyclable waste.
    Of the total exported, about 88 percent
    ends up in countries considered to have
    inadequate waste management.
    “When you consider how much
    of our plastic waste isn’t actually
    recyclable because it is low-value,
    contaminated or difficult to process, it’s
    not surprising that a lot of it ends up
    polluting the environment,” said the
    study’s lead author, Kara Lavender Law,
    research professor of oceanography at
    Sea Education Association, in a
    statement.
    The study estimates that in
    2016, the United States contributed
    between 1.1 and 2.2 million metric tons of
    plastic waste to the oceans through a
    combination of littering, dumping and 
    mismanaged exports. At a minimum,
    that’s almost double the total estimated
    waste in the team’s previous study. At the
    high end, it would be a fivefold increase
    over the earlier estimate.
    Nicholas Mallos, a senior
    director at the Ocean Conservancy and an
    author of the study, said the upper
    estimate would be equal to a pile of
    plastic covering the area of the White
    House Lawn and reaching as high as the
    Empire State Building.
    The ranges are wide partly
    because “there’s no real standard for
    being able to provide good quality data on
    collection and disposal of waste in
    general,” said Ted Siegler, a resource
    economist at DSM Environmental
    Solutions, a consulting firm, and an
    author of the study. Mr. Siegler said the
    researchers had evaluated waste-disposal
    practices in countries around the world
    and used their “best professional
    judgment” to determine the lowest and
    highest amounts of plastic waste likely to
    escape into the environment. They settled
    on a range of 25 percent to 75 percent.
    Tony Walker, an associate
    professor at the Dalhousie University
    School for Resource and Environmental
    Studies in Halifax, Nova Scotia, said that
    analyzing waste data can amount to a
    “data minefield” because there are no
    data standards across municipalities.
    Moreover, once plastic waste is shipped
    overseas, he said, data is often not
    recorded at all.
    Nonetheless, Dr. Walker, who
    was not involved in the study, said it
    could offer a more accurate accounting of
    plastic pollution than the previous study,
    which likely underestimated the United
    States’ contribution. “They’ve put their
    best estimate, as accurate as they can be
    with this data,” he said, and used ranges,
    which underscores that the figures are
    estimates.
    Of the plastics that go into the
    United States recycling system, about 9
    percent of the country’s total plastic
    waste, there is no guarantee that they’ll
    be remade into new consumer goods. New
    plastic is so inexpensive to manufacture
    that only certain expensive, high-grade
    plastics are profitable to recycle within the
    United States, which is why roughly half
    of the country’s plastic waste was shipped
    abroad in 2016, the most recent year for
    which data is available.
    Since 2016, however, the
    recycling landscape has changed. China
    and many countries in Southeast Asia
    have stopped accepting plastic waste
    imports. And lower oil prices have further
    reduced the market for recycled plastic.
    “What the new study really underscores is
    we have to get a handle on source
    reduction at home,” Mr. Mallos said. “That
    starts with eliminating unnecessary and
    problematic single-use plastics.”

    From: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/30/
    “They settled on a range of 25 percent to 75 percent” (lines 66-67) is a/an
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 7e740aa6-92
  • 7E715FC7-92

    Inglês

    Análise sintática | Syntax Parsing
    UECE · 2020DifícilEntre para guardar nos favoritos
    Americans May Add Five Times More Plastic to the Oceans Than Thought

    The United States is using more
    plastic than ever, and waste exported for
    recycling is often mishandled, according
    to a new study.
    The United States contribution
    to coastal plastic pollution worldwide is
    significantly larger than previously
    thought, possibly by as much as five
    times, according to a study published
    Friday. The research, published in Science
    Advances, is the sequel to a 2015 paper
    by the same authors. Two factors
    contributed to the sharp increase:
    Americans are using more plastic than
    ever and the current study included
    pollution generated by United States
    exports of plastic waste, while the earlier
    one did not.
    The United States, which does
    not have sufficient infrastructure to
    handle its recycling demands at home,
    exports about half of its recyclable waste.
    Of the total exported, about 88 percent
    ends up in countries considered to have
    inadequate waste management.
    “When you consider how much
    of our plastic waste isn’t actually
    recyclable because it is low-value,
    contaminated or difficult to process, it’s
    not surprising that a lot of it ends up
    polluting the environment,” said the
    study’s lead author, Kara Lavender Law,
    research professor of oceanography at
    Sea Education Association, in a
    statement.
    The study estimates that in
    2016, the United States contributed
    between 1.1 and 2.2 million metric tons of
    plastic waste to the oceans through a
    combination of littering, dumping and 
    mismanaged exports. At a minimum,
    that’s almost double the total estimated
    waste in the team’s previous study. At the
    high end, it would be a fivefold increase
    over the earlier estimate.
    Nicholas Mallos, a senior
    director at the Ocean Conservancy and an
    author of the study, said the upper
    estimate would be equal to a pile of
    plastic covering the area of the White
    House Lawn and reaching as high as the
    Empire State Building.
    The ranges are wide partly
    because “there’s no real standard for
    being able to provide good quality data on
    collection and disposal of waste in
    general,” said Ted Siegler, a resource
    economist at DSM Environmental
    Solutions, a consulting firm, and an
    author of the study. Mr. Siegler said the
    researchers had evaluated waste-disposal
    practices in countries around the world
    and used their “best professional
    judgment” to determine the lowest and
    highest amounts of plastic waste likely to
    escape into the environment. They settled
    on a range of 25 percent to 75 percent.
    Tony Walker, an associate
    professor at the Dalhousie University
    School for Resource and Environmental
    Studies in Halifax, Nova Scotia, said that
    analyzing waste data can amount to a
    “data minefield” because there are no
    data standards across municipalities.
    Moreover, once plastic waste is shipped
    overseas, he said, data is often not
    recorded at all.
    Nonetheless, Dr. Walker, who
    was not involved in the study, said it
    could offer a more accurate accounting of
    plastic pollution than the previous study,
    which likely underestimated the United
    States’ contribution. “They’ve put their
    best estimate, as accurate as they can be
    with this data,” he said, and used ranges,
    which underscores that the figures are
    estimates.
    Of the plastics that go into the
    United States recycling system, about 9
    percent of the country’s total plastic
    waste, there is no guarantee that they’ll
    be remade into new consumer goods. New
    plastic is so inexpensive to manufacture
    that only certain expensive, high-grade
    plastics are profitable to recycle within the
    United States, which is why roughly half
    of the country’s plastic waste was shipped
    abroad in 2016, the most recent year for
    which data is available.
    Since 2016, however, the
    recycling landscape has changed. China
    and many countries in Southeast Asia
    have stopped accepting plastic waste
    imports. And lower oil prices have further
    reduced the market for recycled plastic.
    “What the new study really underscores is
    we have to get a handle on source
    reduction at home,” Mr. Mallos said. “That
    starts with eliminating unnecessary and
    problematic single-use plastics.”

    From: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/30/
    “At a minimum” (line 41) and “in the team's previous study” (lines 41-43) are examples of
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 7e715fc7-92
  • 7E6F1CAF-92

    Inglês

    Análise sintática | Syntax Parsing
    UECE · 2020MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritos
    Americans May Add Five Times More Plastic to the Oceans Than Thought

    The United States is using more
    plastic than ever, and waste exported for
    recycling is often mishandled, according
    to a new study.
    The United States contribution
    to coastal plastic pollution worldwide is
    significantly larger than previously
    thought, possibly by as much as five
    times, according to a study published
    Friday. The research, published in Science
    Advances, is the sequel to a 2015 paper
    by the same authors. Two factors
    contributed to the sharp increase:
    Americans are using more plastic than
    ever and the current study included
    pollution generated by United States
    exports of plastic waste, while the earlier
    one did not.
    The United States, which does
    not have sufficient infrastructure to
    handle its recycling demands at home,
    exports about half of its recyclable waste.
    Of the total exported, about 88 percent
    ends up in countries considered to have
    inadequate waste management.
    “When you consider how much
    of our plastic waste isn’t actually
    recyclable because it is low-value,
    contaminated or difficult to process, it’s
    not surprising that a lot of it ends up
    polluting the environment,” said the
    study’s lead author, Kara Lavender Law,
    research professor of oceanography at
    Sea Education Association, in a
    statement.
    The study estimates that in
    2016, the United States contributed
    between 1.1 and 2.2 million metric tons of
    plastic waste to the oceans through a
    combination of littering, dumping and 
    mismanaged exports. At a minimum,
    that’s almost double the total estimated
    waste in the team’s previous study. At the
    high end, it would be a fivefold increase
    over the earlier estimate.
    Nicholas Mallos, a senior
    director at the Ocean Conservancy and an
    author of the study, said the upper
    estimate would be equal to a pile of
    plastic covering the area of the White
    House Lawn and reaching as high as the
    Empire State Building.
    The ranges are wide partly
    because “there’s no real standard for
    being able to provide good quality data on
    collection and disposal of waste in
    general,” said Ted Siegler, a resource
    economist at DSM Environmental
    Solutions, a consulting firm, and an
    author of the study. Mr. Siegler said the
    researchers had evaluated waste-disposal
    practices in countries around the world
    and used their “best professional
    judgment” to determine the lowest and
    highest amounts of plastic waste likely to
    escape into the environment. They settled
    on a range of 25 percent to 75 percent.
    Tony Walker, an associate
    professor at the Dalhousie University
    School for Resource and Environmental
    Studies in Halifax, Nova Scotia, said that
    analyzing waste data can amount to a
    “data minefield” because there are no
    data standards across municipalities.
    Moreover, once plastic waste is shipped
    overseas, he said, data is often not
    recorded at all.
    Nonetheless, Dr. Walker, who
    was not involved in the study, said it
    could offer a more accurate accounting of
    plastic pollution than the previous study,
    which likely underestimated the United
    States’ contribution. “They’ve put their
    best estimate, as accurate as they can be
    with this data,” he said, and used ranges,
    which underscores that the figures are
    estimates.
    Of the plastics that go into the
    United States recycling system, about 9
    percent of the country’s total plastic
    waste, there is no guarantee that they’ll
    be remade into new consumer goods. New
    plastic is so inexpensive to manufacture
    that only certain expensive, high-grade
    plastics are profitable to recycle within the
    United States, which is why roughly half
    of the country’s plastic waste was shipped
    abroad in 2016, the most recent year for
    which data is available.
    Since 2016, however, the
    recycling landscape has changed. China
    and many countries in Southeast Asia
    have stopped accepting plastic waste
    imports. And lower oil prices have further
    reduced the market for recycled plastic.
    “What the new study really underscores is
    we have to get a handle on source
    reduction at home,” Mr. Mallos said. “That
    starts with eliminating unnecessary and
    problematic single-use plastics.”

    From: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/30/
    “…while the earlier one did not” (lines 17-18) is a/an
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 7e6f1caf-92
  • 7E6CB093-92

    Inglês

    Verbos | Verbs
    UECE · 2020MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritos
    Americans May Add Five Times More Plastic to the Oceans Than Thought

    The United States is using more
    plastic than ever, and waste exported for
    recycling is often mishandled, according
    to a new study.
    The United States contribution
    to coastal plastic pollution worldwide is
    significantly larger than previously
    thought, possibly by as much as five
    times, according to a study published
    Friday. The research, published in Science
    Advances, is the sequel to a 2015 paper
    by the same authors. Two factors
    contributed to the sharp increase:
    Americans are using more plastic than
    ever and the current study included
    pollution generated by United States
    exports of plastic waste, while the earlier
    one did not.
    The United States, which does
    not have sufficient infrastructure to
    handle its recycling demands at home,
    exports about half of its recyclable waste.
    Of the total exported, about 88 percent
    ends up in countries considered to have
    inadequate waste management.
    “When you consider how much
    of our plastic waste isn’t actually
    recyclable because it is low-value,
    contaminated or difficult to process, it’s
    not surprising that a lot of it ends up
    polluting the environment,” said the
    study’s lead author, Kara Lavender Law,
    research professor of oceanography at
    Sea Education Association, in a
    statement.
    The study estimates that in
    2016, the United States contributed
    between 1.1 and 2.2 million metric tons of
    plastic waste to the oceans through a
    combination of littering, dumping and 
    mismanaged exports. At a minimum,
    that’s almost double the total estimated
    waste in the team’s previous study. At the
    high end, it would be a fivefold increase
    over the earlier estimate.
    Nicholas Mallos, a senior
    director at the Ocean Conservancy and an
    author of the study, said the upper
    estimate would be equal to a pile of
    plastic covering the area of the White
    House Lawn and reaching as high as the
    Empire State Building.
    The ranges are wide partly
    because “there’s no real standard for
    being able to provide good quality data on
    collection and disposal of waste in
    general,” said Ted Siegler, a resource
    economist at DSM Environmental
    Solutions, a consulting firm, and an
    author of the study. Mr. Siegler said the
    researchers had evaluated waste-disposal
    practices in countries around the world
    and used their “best professional
    judgment” to determine the lowest and
    highest amounts of plastic waste likely to
    escape into the environment. They settled
    on a range of 25 percent to 75 percent.
    Tony Walker, an associate
    professor at the Dalhousie University
    School for Resource and Environmental
    Studies in Halifax, Nova Scotia, said that
    analyzing waste data can amount to a
    “data minefield” because there are no
    data standards across municipalities.
    Moreover, once plastic waste is shipped
    overseas, he said, data is often not
    recorded at all.
    Nonetheless, Dr. Walker, who
    was not involved in the study, said it
    could offer a more accurate accounting of
    plastic pollution than the previous study,
    which likely underestimated the United
    States’ contribution. “They’ve put their
    best estimate, as accurate as they can be
    with this data,” he said, and used ranges,
    which underscores that the figures are
    estimates.
    Of the plastics that go into the
    United States recycling system, about 9
    percent of the country’s total plastic
    waste, there is no guarantee that they’ll
    be remade into new consumer goods. New
    plastic is so inexpensive to manufacture
    that only certain expensive, high-grade
    plastics are profitable to recycle within the
    United States, which is why roughly half
    of the country’s plastic waste was shipped
    abroad in 2016, the most recent year for
    which data is available.
    Since 2016, however, the
    recycling landscape has changed. China
    and many countries in Southeast Asia
    have stopped accepting plastic waste
    imports. And lower oil prices have further
    reduced the market for recycled plastic.
    “What the new study really underscores is
    we have to get a handle on source
    reduction at home,” Mr. Mallos said. “That
    starts with eliminating unnecessary and
    problematic single-use plastics.”

    From: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/30/
    The verbs in “...ends up in countries considered to have inadequate waste management” (lines 24-25) are, respectively,
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 7e6cb093-92
  • 7E68FBD3-92

    Inglês

    Passado simples | Simple past
    UECE · 2020MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritos
    Americans May Add Five Times More Plastic to the Oceans Than Thought

    The United States is using more
    plastic than ever, and waste exported for
    recycling is often mishandled, according
    to a new study.
    The United States contribution
    to coastal plastic pollution worldwide is
    significantly larger than previously
    thought, possibly by as much as five
    times, according to a study published
    Friday. The research, published in Science
    Advances, is the sequel to a 2015 paper
    by the same authors. Two factors
    contributed to the sharp increase:
    Americans are using more plastic than
    ever and the current study included
    pollution generated by United States
    exports of plastic waste, while the earlier
    one did not.
    The United States, which does
    not have sufficient infrastructure to
    handle its recycling demands at home,
    exports about half of its recyclable waste.
    Of the total exported, about 88 percent
    ends up in countries considered to have
    inadequate waste management.
    “When you consider how much
    of our plastic waste isn’t actually
    recyclable because it is low-value,
    contaminated or difficult to process, it’s
    not surprising that a lot of it ends up
    polluting the environment,” said the
    study’s lead author, Kara Lavender Law,
    research professor of oceanography at
    Sea Education Association, in a
    statement.
    The study estimates that in
    2016, the United States contributed
    between 1.1 and 2.2 million metric tons of
    plastic waste to the oceans through a
    combination of littering, dumping and 
    mismanaged exports. At a minimum,
    that’s almost double the total estimated
    waste in the team’s previous study. At the
    high end, it would be a fivefold increase
    over the earlier estimate.
    Nicholas Mallos, a senior
    director at the Ocean Conservancy and an
    author of the study, said the upper
    estimate would be equal to a pile of
    plastic covering the area of the White
    House Lawn and reaching as high as the
    Empire State Building.
    The ranges are wide partly
    because “there’s no real standard for
    being able to provide good quality data on
    collection and disposal of waste in
    general,” said Ted Siegler, a resource
    economist at DSM Environmental
    Solutions, a consulting firm, and an
    author of the study. Mr. Siegler said the
    researchers had evaluated waste-disposal
    practices in countries around the world
    and used their “best professional
    judgment” to determine the lowest and
    highest amounts of plastic waste likely to
    escape into the environment. They settled
    on a range of 25 percent to 75 percent.
    Tony Walker, an associate
    professor at the Dalhousie University
    School for Resource and Environmental
    Studies in Halifax, Nova Scotia, said that
    analyzing waste data can amount to a
    “data minefield” because there are no
    data standards across municipalities.
    Moreover, once plastic waste is shipped
    overseas, he said, data is often not
    recorded at all.
    Nonetheless, Dr. Walker, who
    was not involved in the study, said it
    could offer a more accurate accounting of
    plastic pollution than the previous study,
    which likely underestimated the United
    States’ contribution. “They’ve put their
    best estimate, as accurate as they can be
    with this data,” he said, and used ranges,
    which underscores that the figures are
    estimates.
    Of the plastics that go into the
    United States recycling system, about 9
    percent of the country’s total plastic
    waste, there is no guarantee that they’ll
    be remade into new consumer goods. New
    plastic is so inexpensive to manufacture
    that only certain expensive, high-grade
    plastics are profitable to recycle within the
    United States, which is why roughly half
    of the country’s plastic waste was shipped
    abroad in 2016, the most recent year for
    which data is available.
    Since 2016, however, the
    recycling landscape has changed. China
    and many countries in Southeast Asia
    have stopped accepting plastic waste
    imports. And lower oil prices have further
    reduced the market for recycled plastic.
    “What the new study really underscores is
    we have to get a handle on source
    reduction at home,” Mr. Mallos said. “That
    starts with eliminating unnecessary and
    problematic single-use plastics.”

    From: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/30/
    In the sentence “Moreover, once plastic waste is shipped overseas, he said, data is often not recorded at all” (lines 75-77), the underlined verbs are, respectively,
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 7e68fbd3-92
  • 7E669148-92

    Inglês

    Presente perfeito | Present perfect
    UECE · 2020FácilEntre para guardar nos favoritos
    Americans May Add Five Times More Plastic to the Oceans Than Thought

    The United States is using more
    plastic than ever, and waste exported for
    recycling is often mishandled, according
    to a new study.
    The United States contribution
    to coastal plastic pollution worldwide is
    significantly larger than previously
    thought, possibly by as much as five
    times, according to a study published
    Friday. The research, published in Science
    Advances, is the sequel to a 2015 paper
    by the same authors. Two factors
    contributed to the sharp increase:
    Americans are using more plastic than
    ever and the current study included
    pollution generated by United States
    exports of plastic waste, while the earlier
    one did not.
    The United States, which does
    not have sufficient infrastructure to
    handle its recycling demands at home,
    exports about half of its recyclable waste.
    Of the total exported, about 88 percent
    ends up in countries considered to have
    inadequate waste management.
    “When you consider how much
    of our plastic waste isn’t actually
    recyclable because it is low-value,
    contaminated or difficult to process, it’s
    not surprising that a lot of it ends up
    polluting the environment,” said the
    study’s lead author, Kara Lavender Law,
    research professor of oceanography at
    Sea Education Association, in a
    statement.
    The study estimates that in
    2016, the United States contributed
    between 1.1 and 2.2 million metric tons of
    plastic waste to the oceans through a
    combination of littering, dumping and 
    mismanaged exports. At a minimum,
    that’s almost double the total estimated
    waste in the team’s previous study. At the
    high end, it would be a fivefold increase
    over the earlier estimate.
    Nicholas Mallos, a senior
    director at the Ocean Conservancy and an
    author of the study, said the upper
    estimate would be equal to a pile of
    plastic covering the area of the White
    House Lawn and reaching as high as the
    Empire State Building.
    The ranges are wide partly
    because “there’s no real standard for
    being able to provide good quality data on
    collection and disposal of waste in
    general,” said Ted Siegler, a resource
    economist at DSM Environmental
    Solutions, a consulting firm, and an
    author of the study. Mr. Siegler said the
    researchers had evaluated waste-disposal
    practices in countries around the world
    and used their “best professional
    judgment” to determine the lowest and
    highest amounts of plastic waste likely to
    escape into the environment. They settled
    on a range of 25 percent to 75 percent.
    Tony Walker, an associate
    professor at the Dalhousie University
    School for Resource and Environmental
    Studies in Halifax, Nova Scotia, said that
    analyzing waste data can amount to a
    “data minefield” because there are no
    data standards across municipalities.
    Moreover, once plastic waste is shipped
    overseas, he said, data is often not
    recorded at all.
    Nonetheless, Dr. Walker, who
    was not involved in the study, said it
    could offer a more accurate accounting of
    plastic pollution than the previous study,
    which likely underestimated the United
    States’ contribution. “They’ve put their
    best estimate, as accurate as they can be
    with this data,” he said, and used ranges,
    which underscores that the figures are
    estimates.
    Of the plastics that go into the
    United States recycling system, about 9
    percent of the country’s total plastic
    waste, there is no guarantee that they’ll
    be remade into new consumer goods. New
    plastic is so inexpensive to manufacture
    that only certain expensive, high-grade
    plastics are profitable to recycle within the
    United States, which is why roughly half
    of the country’s plastic waste was shipped
    abroad in 2016, the most recent year for
    which data is available.
    Since 2016, however, the
    recycling landscape has changed. China
    and many countries in Southeast Asia
    have stopped accepting plastic waste
    imports. And lower oil prices have further
    reduced the market for recycled plastic.
    “What the new study really underscores is
    we have to get a handle on source
    reduction at home,” Mr. Mallos said. “That
    starts with eliminating unnecessary and
    problematic single-use plastics.”

    From: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/30/
    In the sentence “They've put their best estimate, as accurate as they could be with this data, he said, and used ranges, which underscores that...” (lines 83-86), the underlined verbs are, respectively,
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 7e669148-92