Questões: Universidade Estadual do Ceará (UECE) — com gabarito

                                           T E X T

      EL TIGRE, Venezuela — Thousands of workers are fleeing Venezuela’s state-owned oil company, abandoning once-coveted jobs made worthless by the worst inflation in the world. And now the hemorrhaging is threatening the nation’s chances of overcoming its long economic collapse.

      Desperate oil workers and criminals are also stripping the oil company of vital equipment, vehicles, pumps and copper wiring, carrying off whatever they can to make money. The double drain — of people and hardware — is further crippling a company that has been teetering for years yet remains the country’s most important source of income.

      The timing could not be worse for Venezuela’s increasingly authoritarian president, Nicolás Maduro, who was re-elected last month in a vote that has been widely condemned by leaders across the hemisphere. Prominent opposition politicians were either barred from competing in the election, imprisoned or in exile.

      But while Mr. Maduro has firm control over the country, Venezuela is on its knees economically, buckled by hyperinflation and a history of mismanagement. Widespread hunger, political strife, devastating shortages of medicine and an exodus of well over a million people in recent years have turned this country, once the economic envy of many of its neighbors, into a crisis that is spilling over international borders.

      If Mr. Maduro is going to find a way out of the mess, the key will be oil: virtually the only source of hard currency for a nation with the world’s largest estimated petroleum reserves. But each month Venezuela produces less of it. Offices at the state oil company are emptying out, crews in the field are at half strength, pickup trucks are stolen and vital materials vanish. All of this is adding to the severe problems at the company that were already acute because of corruption, poor maintenance, crippling debts, the loss of professionals and even a lack of spare parts.

Now workers at all levels are walking away in large numbers, sometimes literally taking pieces of the company with them, union leaders, oil executives and workers say.

      A job with Petróleos de Venezuela, known as Pdvsa, used to be a ticket to the Venezuelan Dream. No more.

      Inflation in Venezuela is projected to reach an astounding 13,000 percent this year, according to the International Monetary Fund. When The New York Times interviewed Mr. Navas in May, the monthly salary for a worker like him was barely enough to buy a whole chicken or two pounds of beef. But with prices going up so quickly, it buys even less now.

      Junior Martínez, 28, who has worked in the oil industry for eight years, is assembling papers, including his diploma as a chemical engineer. His wife and her daughter left three months ago to earn money in Brazil. “I get 1,400,000 bolívars a week and it isn’t even enough to buy a carton of eggs or a tube of toothpaste,”Mr. Martínez said of his salary in bolívars, Venezuela’s currency.

      Mr. Martínez’s father, Ovidio Martínez, 55, recalled growing up here when the oil boom began. He cried as he spoke of his son’s determination to leave the country. “You watch your children leave and you can’t stop them,” the elder Mr. Martínez said, fighting back tears. “In this country, they don’t have a future.”

      In El Tigre, hundreds of people stood in line one recent morning outside a supermarket, many waiting since the evening before to buy whatever food they could.

                                         From: www.nytimes.com/June 14, 2018. Adapted.

                                           T E X T

      EL TIGRE, Venezuela — Thousands of workers are fleeing Venezuela’s state-owned oil company, abandoning once-coveted jobs made worthless by the worst inflation in the world. And now the hemorrhaging is threatening the nation’s chances of overcoming its long economic collapse.

      Desperate oil workers and criminals are also stripping the oil company of vital equipment, vehicles, pumps and copper wiring, carrying off whatever they can to make money. The double drain — of people and hardware — is further crippling a company that has been teetering for years yet remains the country’s most important source of income.

      The timing could not be worse for Venezuela’s increasingly authoritarian president, Nicolás Maduro, who was re-elected last month in a vote that has been widely condemned by leaders across the hemisphere. Prominent opposition politicians were either barred from competing in the election, imprisoned or in exile.

      But while Mr. Maduro has firm control over the country, Venezuela is on its knees economically, buckled by hyperinflation and a history of mismanagement. Widespread hunger, political strife, devastating shortages of medicine and an exodus of well over a million people in recent years have turned this country, once the economic envy of many of its neighbors, into a crisis that is spilling over international borders.

      If Mr. Maduro is going to find a way out of the mess, the key will be oil: virtually the only source of hard currency for a nation with the world’s largest estimated petroleum reserves. But each month Venezuela produces less of it. Offices at the state oil company are emptying out, crews in the field are at half strength, pickup trucks are stolen and vital materials vanish. All of this is adding to the severe problems at the company that were already acute because of corruption, poor maintenance, crippling debts, the loss of professionals and even a lack of spare parts.

Now workers at all levels are walking away in large numbers, sometimes literally taking pieces of the company with them, union leaders, oil executives and workers say.

      A job with Petróleos de Venezuela, known as Pdvsa, used to be a ticket to the Venezuelan Dream. No more.

      Inflation in Venezuela is projected to reach an astounding 13,000 percent this year, according to the International Monetary Fund. When The New York Times interviewed Mr. Navas in May, the monthly salary for a worker like him was barely enough to buy a whole chicken or two pounds of beef. But with prices going up so quickly, it buys even less now.

      Junior Martínez, 28, who has worked in the oil industry for eight years, is assembling papers, including his diploma as a chemical engineer. His wife and her daughter left three months ago to earn money in Brazil. “I get 1,400,000 bolívars a week and it isn’t even enough to buy a carton of eggs or a tube of toothpaste,”Mr. Martínez said of his salary in bolívars, Venezuela’s currency.

      Mr. Martínez’s father, Ovidio Martínez, 55, recalled growing up here when the oil boom began. He cried as he spoke of his son’s determination to leave the country. “You watch your children leave and you can’t stop them,” the elder Mr. Martínez said, fighting back tears. “In this country, they don’t have a future.”

      In El Tigre, hundreds of people stood in line one recent morning outside a supermarket, many waiting since the evening before to buy whatever food they could.

                                         From: www.nytimes.com/June 14, 2018. Adapted.

Consta que por volta de 600 a.C. os fenícios já usavam o glicerol, subproduto da fabricação de biodiesel, para fabricar um tipo de sabão primitivo. Considerando a da água igual a 0,52 °C.kg.mol ^-1 e sua Kf igual a 1,86 °C.kg.mol ^-1 , quando adicionamos 18,4 g de glicerol em 500 g de água, os pontos de ebulição e de congelamento da água, serão, nesta ordem, aproximadamente

Analisando a área do litoral cearense, é correto afirmar que

A tentativa frustrada de derrubar o ditador Fulgêncio Batista por meio do ataque ao Quartel de Moncada, em julho de 1953, culminou na captura de Fidel Castro que optou por defender-se no julgamento. Sobre a autodefesa de Fidel Castro é correto afirmar que

Um resistor de 5 Ω é ligado a uma associação em série de duas baterias, uma de 10 V e outra de 5 V. Nessa associação, uma das baterias tem o polo positivo conectado ao negativo da outra. Com base nessa informação, a corrente no resistor, em A, é

O lixo eletrônico é mais um desafio que se soma a outros inúmeros problemas ambientais hoje enfrentados pela humanidade (Revista Química Nova na Escola vol. 32, Nov. 2010). Em uma sucata de computador, são encontrados chumbo, vanádio, bromo, antimônio, cádmio, bário, mercúrio, berílio, etc. Numere as informações contidas na coluna II, associando-as aos elementos da coluna I:



A sequência correta, de cima para baixo, é:

Com relação à radioatividade, analise as afirmativas abaixo e coloque V para verdadeiro ou F para falso.

( ) A radioatividade, por ser benéfica em determinadas situações, tem sido muito utilizada em diversas áreas como, por exemplo, na medicina, para tratar pacientes com câncer.

( ) Todos nós convivemos diariamente com a radioatividade emitida por fontes naturais como as chuvas de partículas radioativas produzidas pelos testes de armas nucleares.

( ) Os efeitos da radioatividade independem da quantidade acumulada no organismo e do tipo de radiação, pois qualquer concentração de radiação pode provocar diversos efeitos como lesões no sistema nervoso ou no aparelho gastrintestinal, queimaduras na pele, náuseas, leucemia e má formação, podendo até levar à morte.

( ) A radiação é uma possibilidade para minimizar a infestação de alimentos por microrganismos na produção agrícola.

A sequência correta de cima para baixo é:

The extract “A community without a written literature expresses itself with less precision, with less richness of nuance, and with less clarity than a community whose principal instrument of communication, the word, has been cultivated and perfected by means of literary texts. … A person who does not read, or reads little, or reads only trash, is a person with an impediment: he can speak much but he will say little, because his vocabulary is deficient in the means for self-expression.” contains verbs in the following tenses (irrespective of the sequence)

Segundo pesquisas, o número de portadores de doenças auto-imunes tem aumentado nos últimos 40 anos, e isso talvez seja um reflexo do aprimoramento das técnicas de diagnóstico laboratoriais. Dentre essas doenças existem pouco mais do que 30 tipos, cada um deles com sintomas específicos e consequências distintas. As pessoas desenvolvem doenças auto- imunes, porque

A autora da crônica cria duas categorias para classificar os sons com que nos deparamos no dia a dia: sons magnânimos e sons cotidianos. Leia os trechos da crônica apresentados a seguir e escreva SM se o trecho pertencer à categoria do som magnânimo ou SC se fizer parte da categoria do som cotidiano.

( ) “O sinal da hora do recreio.” (linha 56)

( ) “O primeiro eu te amo dito por quem você também começou a amar.” (linhas 61-62)

( ) “[...] o barulho da chave abrindo a fechadura da porta. Seu filho voltou.” (linhas 19-20)

( ) “[...] o recado na secretária eletrônica de alguém que já morreu.” (linhas 23-25)

( ) “O toque do interfone quando se aguarda ansiosamente a chegada do namorado.” (linhas 49-50)

A sequência correta, de cima para baixo, é:

Leia o que se afirma a seguir sobre a voz poética presente nos versos do poema Mulher Proletária:

I. O enunciador do poema apresenta a mulher proletária como um ser subjugado aos ditames da burguesia industrializada.

II. No poema, a mulher trabalhadora é reificada, sendo vista, assim, não como mãe ou esposa, mas como máquina presa à lógica de produção do sistema burguês capitalista.

III. Há uma voz no poema que denuncia a depreciação da mulher no mundo do trabalho como pessoa humana, em favor da necessidade de superprodução mercantil, sustentadora das desigualdades sociais.

IV. Vê-se, no poema, a emergência de uma voz alinhada com a visão de orientação marxista que defende que a sociedade capitalista se ergue na malbaratada oferta de mão de obra do trabalhador para a indústria mercantil.

Está correto o que se diz em

Nos últimos 20 anos, os estados nordestinos ofereceram boas oportunidades para investimentos nacionais e estrangeiros, resultantes de políticas de isenção de impostos, subsídios e empréstimos especiais. Os três estados nordestinos que apresentaram o maior crescimento no período indicado foram