Questões: Universidade Estadual do Paraná - UNESPAR (UNESPAR) — com gabarito

Texto 3:

Born Too Soon in a Country at War. Their Only Hope? This Clinic. By Kassie Bracken and Megan Special August 27, 2018

The baby girl has stopped breathing. She was born prematurely and is only 3 weeks old. Her mother, Restina Boniface, took her to the only public neonatal clinic in South Sudan. The country is one of the toughest places in the world for newborns with health problems to survive. Ten feet away sits a donated respiratory machine that could save the baby. But lacking a critical part, it goes unused. The doctor tries to resuscitate the baby for several minutes. Finally, she begins breathing on her own. One in 10 babies brought to this clinic will die, most from treatable conditions. But many mothers have nowhere else to go.

South Sudan, the world’s youngest nation, is in the midst of a humanitarian crisis. A brutal civil war has drained the economy. As hospitals closed, doctors were forced to flee. Inside the clinic, many babies remain nameless. Their mothers know they may not make it. “Our mothers here, they come for help,” said Rose Tongan, a pediatrician. “And you pity them. You can’t do anything.” Electricity cuts out for days at a time. There is no formula for the premature babies, no lab for blood tests, no facility for X-rays. There are no beds for breast-feeding mothers. They must sleep outside, where they are at risk of infection and vulnerable to assault. “I feel like: What can I do?” Dr. Tongan said.

Hellen Sitima’s 3-day-old daughter is sick. “When we get home, then that’s the time to name the baby,” she says. Dr. Tongan has no access to lab tests, but she determines that Ms. Sitima’s baby has a respiratory infection. The infection clears, and Ms. Sitima takes her daughter home. She names her Gift.

Disponível em https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/08/28/multimedia/ south-sudan-babies.html. Acessado em 22/10/2018

O texto relata a situação crítica em que se encontram hospitais no Sudão do Sul e de alguns pacientes que deles precisam para sobreviver. Assim sendo, assinale a alternativa que corresponde ao lido:

Texto 2:

Are LED lights making us ill?

By Lucy Jones

Over the last decade, much of Europe and the US have changed the way they illuminate city and town streets. They have replaced high-energy sodium bulbs (the warmer, yellow ones) with energy-saving LED bulbs (with a blue light emitting diode, which can feel harsh in comparison). As well as street lights, most of us are exposed to blue light through smartphones, computers, TVs, and in the home.

The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry published a paper that warned of the potential effects of LED lighting on mental illness. It raised concerns about the influence of blue light on sleep, other circadian-mediated symptoms, use of digital healthcare apps and devices, and the higher sensitivity of teenagers to blue light. Specifically, the researchers are concerned about the relationship between light exposure and the occurrence of manic and mixed symptoms in bipolar disorder, having adverse effects on manic states and the sleep-wake cycle. For example, the use of smartphones or computers by those people before bed could have a bad effect on their sleep, circadian rhythms and health.

Studies of the impact of blue light on healthy adults show it inhibits melatonin secretion which disrupts sleep and can affect quality of life, physical and mental health and susceptibility to illness.

Previous studies of sleep disorders in children and adolescents show a clear and consistent relationship between sleep disorders and frequency of digital device usage.

Currently, the National Sleep Foundation guidelines suggest not using technology 30 minutes before bed and removing technology for the bedroom. However, there are currently no specific guidelines for people with an underlying mental illness or sensitivity to circadian disruption.

As LED technology has rapidly spread across the globe, the focus has been on the visual element and the energysaving element. Now, scientists, health professionals and the LED industry are working to minimise the blue light in LEDs and create customisable lights that won’t harm those suffering from psychiatric disorders.

Disponível em https://www.bbcearth.com/blog/?article=are-led-lights-making-us-ill Acessado em 22/10/2018

A rápida substituição de lâmpadas comuns por lâmpadas de LED em todos os setores e locais tiveram duas razões principais: a visual e a economia de energia. Porém, importantes estudos estão investigando se há consequências deste uso para a saúde. Assim, de acordo com o texto, é possível dizer que:

Texto 1:

Accountant Job Application Cover Letter

To,

Bonn, Joseph

Regional Director

All Digital

102, Lake avenue

Torres, Paulo

Dated: 5th of May 2018 Subject: Application for the position of an accountant

Respected Mr. Bonn

This letter is in regards to the job advertisement posted by your organization in MMO magazine concerning to the requirement of a candidate in the position of an accountant for which I am interested and I would like to apply for. I have worked in similar position for five years and my last job was with Aspen Group where I used to prepare accounting statements for the organization, ensuring that balance sheet was tallied, compiling financial information and implementing accounting control procedures. I also had to ensure that accuracy is maintained in all statements and documents and solve any existing accounting discrepancy. I have excellent calculative skills and an eye for detail besides being good at preparing reports and statements. I can assure that my previous work experience is going to benefit your organization.

It would be great if we could meet for an interview round. My resume is enclosed.

Regards, Nataniel Lucas Disponível em https://www.dayjob.com/content/ accountant-cover-letter-example-350.htm. Acessado em 22/10/2018 (adaptado)

O gênero Carta é ainda um meio de comunicação muito usado, sobretudo no mundo do trabalho. Assim, leia a carta de Nataniel Lucas e identifique o tipo de carta e sua finalidade:

Question based on Text.

Adapted from: <http://www.theguardian.com/global-development-professionals-network/2015/oct/13/fighting-corruptionzombies-development-anti-corruption >.Access on: 03/11/2015.

Question based on Text.

Adapted from: <http://www.theguardian.com/global-development-professionals-network/2015/oct/13/fighting-corruptionzombies-development-anti-corruption >.Access on: 03/11/2015.

“E, páginas adiante, o padre se portou ainda mais excelentemente, porque era mesmo uma brava criatura. Tanto assim, que, na despedida, insistiu:
– Reze e trabalhe, fazendo de conta que esta vida é um dia de capina com sol quente, que às vezes custa muito a passar, mas sempre passa. E você ainda pode ter muito pedaço bom de alegria... Cada um tem a sua hora e a sua vez: você há de ter a sua.” [p. 356]
[...]
“Quando ficou bom para andar, escorando-se nas muletas que o preto fabricara, já tinha os seus planos, menos maus, cujo ponto de início consistia em ir para longe, para o sitiozinho perdido no sertão mais longínquo [...] que era agora a única coisa que possuía de seu. Antes de partir, teve com o padre uma derradeira conversa, muito edificante e vasta. E, junto com o casal de pretos samaritanos, que, ao hábito de se desvelarem, agora não o podiam deixar nem por nada, pegou chão, sem paixão.
Largaram à noite, porque o começo da viagem teria de ser uma verdadeira escapada. E, ao sair, Nhô Augusto se ajoelhou, no meio da estrada, abriu os braços em cruz, e jurou:
– Eu vou p’ra o céu, e vou mesmo, por bem ou por mal!... E a minha vez a de chegar... P’ra o céu eu vou, nem que seja a porrete!...
E os negros aplaudiram, e a turminha pegou o passo, a caminho do sertão.” [p. 357-358]
[...]
“E o povo, enquanto isso, dizia: – ‘Foi Deus quem mandou esse homem no jumento, por mór de salvar as famílias da gente!...’” [p. 385]
“Mas Nhô Augusto tinha o rosto radiante, e falou:
– Perguntem quem é aí que algum dia já ouviu falar no nome de Nhô Augusto Esteves, das Pindaíbas! [...]
Então, Augusto Matraga fechou um pouco os olhos, com sorriso intenso nos lábios lambuzados de sangue, e de seu rosto subia um sagaz contentamento. [...]
Depois, morreu.” [p. 386]

(ROSA, João Guimarães. Sagarana. Rio de Janeiro: Record, 1984)

Em relação às afirmações abaixo descritas: