Questões: Universidade de Pernambuco — com gabarito

Text 3

CHIANG MAI, THAILAND

Care for Elephants

Asian elephants face many threats – especially loss of habitat due to encroaching development, which can lead to conflict with humans. Today the elephant population in Thailand is estimated at only 3,000 to 4,000. Lend a hand with the least fortune of these animals at the Elephant Nature Park outside Chiang Mai. As a sanctuary for orphaned and disabled elephants, some of which have been abused as work animals, the center invites visitors to help feed and bathe the gentle giants, as well as assist with general maintenance around the park.[…]

Text 4

SOUTH DAKOTA

Explore the Badlands

Over the past half million years, erosion has sculpted sediment deposited by the ancient sea that once stretched across the Great Plains into buttes, spires, and pinnacle formations, leaving us the Badlands. Named by the Lakota for its unwelcoming terrain that they believed was riddled with the remains of a mythological horned serpent, the striking landscape inspires awe among visitors today, especially during the magic hours of sunrise and sunset, and under a full moon.[…] 

Text 5

COSTA RICA

Rescue Sea Turtles

Commercial fishing, coastal development, humans harvesting eggs, marine debris, oil spills: The threats to sea turtles are staggering. Only an estimated one in 1,000 to 10,000 survives to adulthood, which is why conservationists around the world depend on volunteers to give these primordial creatures the best shot possible. Help conduct nightly patrols along the black-sand beaches of Tortuguero National Park on Costa Rica’s Caribbean coast, one of the most important nesting sites in the Western Hemisphere.[…] 

(In: Places That Will Change Your Life. Produced by National Geographic Partners, Washington, DC: 2016. Adaptado.)

Text 3

CHIANG MAI, THAILAND

Care for Elephants

Asian elephants face many threats – especially loss of habitat due to encroaching development, which can lead to conflict with humans. Today the elephant population in Thailand is estimated at only 3,000 to 4,000. Lend a hand with the least fortune of these animals at the Elephant Nature Park outside Chiang Mai. As a sanctuary for orphaned and disabled elephants, some of which have been abused as work animals, the center invites visitors to help feed and bathe the gentle giants, as well as assist with general maintenance around the park.[…]

Text 4

SOUTH DAKOTA

Explore the Badlands

Over the past half million years, erosion has sculpted sediment deposited by the ancient sea that once stretched across the Great Plains into buttes, spires, and pinnacle formations, leaving us the Badlands. Named by the Lakota for its unwelcoming terrain that they believed was riddled with the remains of a mythological horned serpent, the striking landscape inspires awe among visitors today, especially during the magic hours of sunrise and sunset, and under a full moon.[…] 

Text 5

COSTA RICA

Rescue Sea Turtles

Commercial fishing, coastal development, humans harvesting eggs, marine debris, oil spills: The threats to sea turtles are staggering. Only an estimated one in 1,000 to 10,000 survives to adulthood, which is why conservationists around the world depend on volunteers to give these primordial creatures the best shot possible. Help conduct nightly patrols along the black-sand beaches of Tortuguero National Park on Costa Rica’s Caribbean coast, one of the most important nesting sites in the Western Hemisphere.[…] 

(In: Places That Will Change Your Life. Produced by National Geographic Partners, Washington, DC: 2016. Adaptado.)

     Countries band together to promote trade, defend human rights, protect the environment and repel threats. They sign treaties and join international groups, and each time they do, they give up a bit of independence. That happened in a big way with the creation of the European Union, a freetrade zone and global political force forged from the fractious states of Europe. The question always was, could this extraordinary experiment hold together? Faced with the choice in a June 23 referendum, the U.K. shocked the world by voting to leave the bloc it joined in 1973. The way many Britons saw it, the trade-offs they'd made to be part of the club — notably control over immigration — no longer served their interests. They chose what's become known as Brexit. 

     Voters supported the split by 52 percent to 48 percent after a rancorous 10-week campaign that divided the nation. The result prompted Prime Minister David Cameron, who had pushed for the U.K. to remain in the 28-nation bloc, to say he'll resign by October. The vote jolted financial markets, sending the U.K. currency tumbling. As the vote plunged the country into political turmoil, Scotland's devolved government paved the way for a second referendum on breaking away so it can remain part of the EU. The U.K. will have two years to negotiate the terms of an exit once it takes the legal steps to leave the bloc, with talks to unwind agreements in areas as diverse as fishing quotas, financial services and health and safety standards. Cameron had warned that a withdrawal would trigger a recession and a decade of uncertainty for jobs, trade and the broader economy. Advocates of a split, including the country’s leading tabloid newspapers, want Britain to regain control of its borders, laws and finances. Because the free movement of citizens is a basic tenet of EU law, leaving the bloc is the only sure way to stem a larger-than-expected influx of immigrants. Young voters were keen to remain in the EU, while older ones preferred to leave.

(In: http://www.bloomberg.com/quicktake/will-uk-leave-eu. Adaptado)

     Countries band together to promote trade, defend human rights, protect the environment and repel threats. They sign treaties and join international groups, and each time they do, they give up a bit of independence. That happened in a big way with the creation of the European Union, a freetrade zone and global political force forged from the fractious states of Europe. The question always was, could this extraordinary experiment hold together? Faced with the choice in a June 23 referendum, the U.K. shocked the world by voting to leave the bloc it joined in 1973. The way many Britons saw it, the trade-offs they'd made to be part of the club — notably control over immigration — no longer served their interests. They chose what's become known as Brexit. 

     Voters supported the split by 52 percent to 48 percent after a rancorous 10-week campaign that divided the nation. The result prompted Prime Minister David Cameron, who had pushed for the U.K. to remain in the 28-nation bloc, to say he'll resign by October. The vote jolted financial markets, sending the U.K. currency tumbling. As the vote plunged the country into political turmoil, Scotland's devolved government paved the way for a second referendum on breaking away so it can remain part of the EU. The U.K. will have two years to negotiate the terms of an exit once it takes the legal steps to leave the bloc, with talks to unwind agreements in areas as diverse as fishing quotas, financial services and health and safety standards. Cameron had warned that a withdrawal would trigger a recession and a decade of uncertainty for jobs, trade and the broader economy. Advocates of a split, including the country’s leading tabloid newspapers, want Britain to regain control of its borders, laws and finances. Because the free movement of citizens is a basic tenet of EU law, leaving the bloc is the only sure way to stem a larger-than-expected influx of immigrants. Young voters were keen to remain in the EU, while older ones preferred to leave.

(In: http://www.bloomberg.com/quicktake/will-uk-leave-eu. Adaptado)

     Countries band together to promote trade, defend human rights, protect the environment and repel threats. They sign treaties and join international groups, and each time they do, they give up a bit of independence. That happened in a big way with the creation of the European Union, a freetrade zone and global political force forged from the fractious states of Europe. The question always was, could this extraordinary experiment hold together? Faced with the choice in a June 23 referendum, the U.K. shocked the world by voting to leave the bloc it joined in 1973. The way many Britons saw it, the trade-offs they'd made to be part of the club — notably control over immigration — no longer served their interests. They chose what's become known as Brexit. 

     Voters supported the split by 52 percent to 48 percent after a rancorous 10-week campaign that divided the nation. The result prompted Prime Minister David Cameron, who had pushed for the U.K. to remain in the 28-nation bloc, to say he'll resign by October. The vote jolted financial markets, sending the U.K. currency tumbling. As the vote plunged the country into political turmoil, Scotland's devolved government paved the way for a second referendum on breaking away so it can remain part of the EU. The U.K. will have two years to negotiate the terms of an exit once it takes the legal steps to leave the bloc, with talks to unwind agreements in areas as diverse as fishing quotas, financial services and health and safety standards. Cameron had warned that a withdrawal would trigger a recession and a decade of uncertainty for jobs, trade and the broader economy. Advocates of a split, including the country’s leading tabloid newspapers, want Britain to regain control of its borders, laws and finances. Because the free movement of citizens is a basic tenet of EU law, leaving the bloc is the only sure way to stem a larger-than-expected influx of immigrants. Young voters were keen to remain in the EU, while older ones preferred to leave.

(In: http://www.bloomberg.com/quicktake/will-uk-leave-eu. Adaptado)

Text

Volunteering is fun! 

Disponível em: https://learnenglishteens.britishcouncil.org/magazine/life-around-world/volunteering-fun. Texto adaptado. Acesso em: ago. 2020.

Os Textos 13, 14, 15 e 16 servem de base à questão.

Texto 13

Cartaz do filme “Caramuru: a invenção do Brasil” (2001) 1h 28min / Comédia Direção: Guel Arraes Elenco: Selton Mello, Camila Pitanga, Deborah Secco Disponível em: http://www.cinemabrasileiro.net/cartazes/caram uru.jpg Acesso em: 06/09/2020.

Texto 14

ZUCARELLI, Francesco. "Uma cena pastoral" (1750). Disponível em: http://vitrineliteraria01.blogspot.com/2020/03/alguns-textospara-comeco-de-conversa.html Acesso em: 07/09/2020.

Texto 15

 LIRA I

Eu, Marília, não sou algum vaqueiro,

Que viva de guardar alheio gado;

De tosco trato, de expressões grosseiro,

Dos frios gelos e dos sóis queimado.

Tenho próprio casal e nele assisto;

Dá-me vinho, legume, fruta, azeite;

Das brancas ovelhinhas tiro o leite

E mais as finas lãs, de que me visto.

Graças, Marília bela,

Graças à minha Estrela!

[...]

GONZAGA, Tomás Antônio. Marília de Dirceu. São Paulo: DCL, 2010. Excertos.

Texto 16

CARTA 3ª

Em que se contam as injustiças, e violências, que Fanfarrão executou por causa de uma

Cadeia, a que deu princípio.

[...]

Agora, cuidarás, prezado Amigo,

Que as chaves das cadeias já não abrem,

Comidas da ferrugem? Que as algemas

Como trastes inúteis, se furtaram?

Que o torpe executor das graves penas

Liberdade ganhou? Que já não temos

Descalços guardiães, que à fonte levem,

Metidos nas correntes os forçados?

Assim, prezado Amigo, assim devia

Em Chile acontecer, se o nosso Chefe

Tivesse em governar algum sistema.

Mas, meu bom Doroteu, os homens néscios

Às folhas dos Olmeiros se comparam;

São como o leve fumo, que se move

Para partes diversas, mal os ventos

Começam a apontar, de partes várias.

[...]

GONZAGA, Tomás Antônio. Cartas Chilenas. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2006. Excertos.

Text 1

What is Distance Learning and Why Is It So Important?

Texto 13 

LIVRE 

                          Cruz e Sousa

Livre! Ser livre da matéria escrava,

Arrancar os grilhões que nos flagelam

E livre, penetrar nos Dons que selam

A alma e lhe emprestam toda a etérea lava.

Livre da humana, da terrestre bava

Dos corações daninhos que regelam,

Quando os nossos sentidos se rebelam

Contra a Infâmia bifronte que deprava.

Livre! bem livre para andar mais puro,

Mais junto à Natureza e mais seguro

Do seu Amor, de todas as justiças.

Livre! para sentir a Natureza,

para gozar, na universal Grandeza,

Fecundas e arcangélicas preguiças.

CRUZ E SOUSA. Livre. Disponível em:

https://www.escritas.org/pt/t/10984/livre

Acesso em: 13/09/2020.

Texto 14

VIOLÕES QUE CHORAM

Texto 11

   "Eram cinco horas da manhã e o cortiço acordava, abrindo, não os olhos, mas a sua infinidade de portas e janelas alinhadas.

   Um acordar alegre e farto de quem dormiu de uma assentada, sete horas de chumbo. Como que se sentiam ainda na indolência de neblina as derradeiras notas da última guitarra da noite antecedente, dissolvendo-se à luz loura e tenra da aurora, que nem um suspiro de saudade perdido em terra alheia." 

AZEVEDO, Aluísio. O Cortiço. São Paulo: Ática, 1994. p. 35. Excertos

Texto 12 

   "E Jerônimo via e escutava, sentindo ir-se-lhe toda a alma pelos olhos enamorados.

Texto 7

XVII – DO TRAPÉZIO E OUTRAS COISAS

[...]

    "... Marcela amou-me durante quinze meses e onze contos de réis; nada menos. Meu pai, logo que teve aragem dos onze contos, sobressaltou-se deveras; achou que o caso excedia as raias de um capricho juvenil. [...]"

ASSIS, Machado de. Memórias Póstumas de Brás Cubas. São Paulo: Ática, 1997. p. 44. Excertos.

Texto 8

XXVII – VIRGÍLIA?