Questões: Universidade Virtual de São Paulo — com gabarito

Leia o trecho de Dom Casmurro, de Machado de Assis, para responder a questão.

    Ezequiel, quando começou o capítulo anterior, não era ainda gerado; quando acabou era cristão e católico. Este outro é destinado a fazer chegar o meu Ezequiel aos cinco anos, um rapagão bonito, com os seus olhos claros, já inquietos, como se quisessem namorar todas as moças da vizinhança, ou quase todas.

   Agora, se considerares que ele foi único, que nenhum outro veio, certo nem incerto, morto nem vivo, um só e único, imaginarás os cuidados que nos deu, os sonos que nos tirou, e que sustos nos meteram as crises dos dentes e outras, a menor febrícula, toda a existência comum das crianças. A tudo acudíamos, segundo cumpria e urgia, cousa que não era necessário dizer, mas há leitores tão obtusos, que nada entendem, se lhes não relata tudo e o resto. Vamos ao resto. (Dom Casmurro. São Paulo, Globo, 1997) 

Leia o trecho de Menino de engenho, de José Lins do Rego, para responder a questão.

     Eu passava o dia inteiro rondando os oficiais nas suas confidências. Contavam a história de uns carpinas num engenho do Brejo.

  – O senhor de engenho só mandava para eles bacalhau, na janta e no almoço. Passavam o dia inteiro bebendo água com a boca seca. Um dia um deles disse para o negro que não gostava de bacalhau, que não aguentava mais aquilo. No outro dia o tabuleiro com a comida chegou: era peru. E peru de tarde. E a semana toda, peru. Num domingo, o mestre saiu para dar umas voltas nos arredores. Viu um negro com uma porção de urubus nas costas:

   – O que é isto, moleque?

   – É peru pros carpinas.

   Os oficiais anoiteceram e não amanheceram na propriedade. E rebentou ferida pelo corpo deles. Estiveram para morrer um tempão.

(Menino de engenho. Rio de Janeiro, José Olympio, 2000)

Leia o trecho de Menino de engenho, de José Lins do Rego, para responder a questão.

     Eu passava o dia inteiro rondando os oficiais nas suas confidências. Contavam a história de uns carpinas num engenho do Brejo.

  – O senhor de engenho só mandava para eles bacalhau, na janta e no almoço. Passavam o dia inteiro bebendo água com a boca seca. Um dia um deles disse para o negro que não gostava de bacalhau, que não aguentava mais aquilo. No outro dia o tabuleiro com a comida chegou: era peru. E peru de tarde. E a semana toda, peru. Num domingo, o mestre saiu para dar umas voltas nos arredores. Viu um negro com uma porção de urubus nas costas:

   – O que é isto, moleque?

   – É peru pros carpinas.

   Os oficiais anoiteceram e não amanheceram na propriedade. E rebentou ferida pelo corpo deles. Estiveram para morrer um tempão.

(Menino de engenho. Rio de Janeiro, José Olympio, 2000)

Leia o poema de A rosa do povo, livro de Carlos Drummond de Andrade publicado em 1945, para responder a questão.

Leia o poema de A rosa do povo, livro de Carlos Drummond de Andrade publicado em 1945, para responder a questão.

Leia o texto para responder a questão.

Modern-day slavery: an explainer

Photograph: Mario Tama/Getty

   About 150 years after most countries banned slavery – Brazil was the last to abolish its participation in the transatlantic slave trade, in 1888 – millions of men, women and children are still enslaved. Contemporary slavery takes many forms, from women forced into prostitution, to child slavery in agriculture supply chains or whole families working for nothing to pay off generational debts. Slavery thrives on every continent and in almost every country. Forced labour, people trafficking, debt bondage and child marriage are all forms of modern-day slavery that affect the world’s most vulnerable people.

  Slavery is prohibited under the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which states: “No one shall be held in slavery or servitude: slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all their forms.”

  Definitions of modern-day slavery are mainly taken from the 1956 UN supplementary convention, which says: “debt bondage, serfdom, forced marriage and the delivery of a child for the exploitation of that child are all slavery-like practices and require criminalisation and abolishment”. The 1930 Forced Labour Convention defines forced labour as “all work or service which is exacted from any person under the menace of any penalty and for which the said person has not offered himself voluntarily”. As contemporary systems of slavery have evolved, new definitions, including trafficking and distinguishing child slavery from child labour, have developed. 

  Due to its illegality, data on modern-day slavery is difficult to collate. The UN’s International Labour Organisation (ILO) estimates that about 21 million people are in forced labour at any point in time. The ILO says this estimate includes trafficking and other forms of modern slavery. The only exceptions are trafficking for organ removal, forced marriage and adoption, unless the last two practices result in forced labour. The ILO calculates that 90% of the 21 million are exploited by individuals or companies, while 10% are forced to work by the state, rebel military groups, or in prisons under conditions that violate ILO standards. Sexual exploitation accounts for 22% of slaves.

Leia o primeiro parágrafo, em que se responde à pergunta “What is modern-day slavery?”. De acordo com esse parágrafo, uma das formas que a escravidão moderna assume é

Leia o texto para responder a questão.

Modern-day slavery: an explainer

Photograph: Mario Tama/Getty

   About 150 years after most countries banned slavery – Brazil was the last to abolish its participation in the transatlantic slave trade, in 1888 – millions of men, women and children are still enslaved. Contemporary slavery takes many forms, from women forced into prostitution, to child slavery in agriculture supply chains or whole families working for nothing to pay off generational debts. Slavery thrives on every continent and in almost every country. Forced labour, people trafficking, debt bondage and child marriage are all forms of modern-day slavery that affect the world’s most vulnerable people.

  Slavery is prohibited under the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which states: “No one shall be held in slavery or servitude: slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all their forms.”

  Definitions of modern-day slavery are mainly taken from the 1956 UN supplementary convention, which says: “debt bondage, serfdom, forced marriage and the delivery of a child for the exploitation of that child are all slavery-like practices and require criminalisation and abolishment”. The 1930 Forced Labour Convention defines forced labour as “all work or service which is exacted from any person under the menace of any penalty and for which the said person has not offered himself voluntarily”. As contemporary systems of slavery have evolved, new definitions, including trafficking and distinguishing child slavery from child labour, have developed. 

  Due to its illegality, data on modern-day slavery is difficult to collate. The UN’s International Labour Organisation (ILO) estimates that about 21 million people are in forced labour at any point in time. The ILO says this estimate includes trafficking and other forms of modern slavery. The only exceptions are trafficking for organ removal, forced marriage and adoption, unless the last two practices result in forced labour. The ILO calculates that 90% of the 21 million are exploited by individuals or companies, while 10% are forced to work by the state, rebel military groups, or in prisons under conditions that violate ILO standards. Sexual exploitation accounts for 22% of slaves.

No trecho do terceiro parágrafo – all work or service which is exacted from any person under the menace of any penalty and for which the said person has not offered himself voluntarily – o termo em destaque se refere a

Leia o texto para responder a questão.

Modern-day slavery: an explainer

Photograph: Mario Tama/Getty

   About 150 years after most countries banned slavery – Brazil was the last to abolish its participation in the transatlantic slave trade, in 1888 – millions of men, women and children are still enslaved. Contemporary slavery takes many forms, from women forced into prostitution, to child slavery in agriculture supply chains or whole families working for nothing to pay off generational debts. Slavery thrives on every continent and in almost every country. Forced labour, people trafficking, debt bondage and child marriage are all forms of modern-day slavery that affect the world’s most vulnerable people.

  Slavery is prohibited under the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which states: “No one shall be held in slavery or servitude: slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all their forms.”

  Definitions of modern-day slavery are mainly taken from the 1956 UN supplementary convention, which says: “debt bondage, serfdom, forced marriage and the delivery of a child for the exploitation of that child are all slavery-like practices and require criminalisation and abolishment”. The 1930 Forced Labour Convention defines forced labour as “all work or service which is exacted from any person under the menace of any penalty and for which the said person has not offered himself voluntarily”. As contemporary systems of slavery have evolved, new definitions, including trafficking and distinguishing child slavery from child labour, have developed. 

  Due to its illegality, data on modern-day slavery is difficult to collate. The UN’s International Labour Organisation (ILO) estimates that about 21 million people are in forced labour at any point in time. The ILO says this estimate includes trafficking and other forms of modern slavery. The only exceptions are trafficking for organ removal, forced marriage and adoption, unless the last two practices result in forced labour. The ILO calculates that 90% of the 21 million are exploited by individuals or companies, while 10% are forced to work by the state, rebel military groups, or in prisons under conditions that violate ILO standards. Sexual exploitation accounts for 22% of slaves.

De acordo com o terceiro parágrafo, a Convenção Suplementar das Nações Unidas de 1956 inclui como escravidão moderna

Leia o texto para responder a questão.

Modern-day slavery: an explainer

Photograph: Mario Tama/Getty

   About 150 years after most countries banned slavery – Brazil was the last to abolish its participation in the transatlantic slave trade, in 1888 – millions of men, women and children are still enslaved. Contemporary slavery takes many forms, from women forced into prostitution, to child slavery in agriculture supply chains or whole families working for nothing to pay off generational debts. Slavery thrives on every continent and in almost every country. Forced labour, people trafficking, debt bondage and child marriage are all forms of modern-day slavery that affect the world’s most vulnerable people.

  Slavery is prohibited under the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which states: “No one shall be held in slavery or servitude: slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all their forms.”

  Definitions of modern-day slavery are mainly taken from the 1956 UN supplementary convention, which says: “debt bondage, serfdom, forced marriage and the delivery of a child for the exploitation of that child are all slavery-like practices and require criminalisation and abolishment”. The 1930 Forced Labour Convention defines forced labour as “all work or service which is exacted from any person under the menace of any penalty and for which the said person has not offered himself voluntarily”. As contemporary systems of slavery have evolved, new definitions, including trafficking and distinguishing child slavery from child labour, have developed. 

  Due to its illegality, data on modern-day slavery is difficult to collate. The UN’s International Labour Organisation (ILO) estimates that about 21 million people are in forced labour at any point in time. The ILO says this estimate includes trafficking and other forms of modern slavery. The only exceptions are trafficking for organ removal, forced marriage and adoption, unless the last two practices result in forced labour. The ILO calculates that 90% of the 21 million are exploited by individuals or companies, while 10% are forced to work by the state, rebel military groups, or in prisons under conditions that violate ILO standards. Sexual exploitation accounts for 22% of slaves.

No trecho do terceiro parágrafo – As contemporary systems of slavery have evolved – o termo em destaque equivale, em português, a

Leia o texto para responder a questão.

Modern-day slavery: an explainer

Photograph: Mario Tama/Getty

   About 150 years after most countries banned slavery – Brazil was the last to abolish its participation in the transatlantic slave trade, in 1888 – millions of men, women and children are still enslaved. Contemporary slavery takes many forms, from women forced into prostitution, to child slavery in agriculture supply chains or whole families working for nothing to pay off generational debts. Slavery thrives on every continent and in almost every country. Forced labour, people trafficking, debt bondage and child marriage are all forms of modern-day slavery that affect the world’s most vulnerable people.

  Slavery is prohibited under the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which states: “No one shall be held in slavery or servitude: slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all their forms.”

  Definitions of modern-day slavery are mainly taken from the 1956 UN supplementary convention, which says: “debt bondage, serfdom, forced marriage and the delivery of a child for the exploitation of that child are all slavery-like practices and require criminalisation and abolishment”. The 1930 Forced Labour Convention defines forced labour as “all work or service which is exacted from any person under the menace of any penalty and for which the said person has not offered himself voluntarily”. As contemporary systems of slavery have evolved, new definitions, including trafficking and distinguishing child slavery from child labour, have developed. 

  Due to its illegality, data on modern-day slavery is difficult to collate. The UN’s International Labour Organisation (ILO) estimates that about 21 million people are in forced labour at any point in time. The ILO says this estimate includes trafficking and other forms of modern slavery. The only exceptions are trafficking for organ removal, forced marriage and adoption, unless the last two practices result in forced labour. The ILO calculates that 90% of the 21 million are exploited by individuals or companies, while 10% are forced to work by the state, rebel military groups, or in prisons under conditions that violate ILO standards. Sexual exploitation accounts for 22% of slaves.

Leia o texto para responder a questão.

Modern-day slavery: an explainer

Photograph: Mario Tama/Getty

   About 150 years after most countries banned slavery – Brazil was the last to abolish its participation in the transatlantic slave trade, in 1888 – millions of men, women and children are still enslaved. Contemporary slavery takes many forms, from women forced into prostitution, to child slavery in agriculture supply chains or whole families working for nothing to pay off generational debts. Slavery thrives on every continent and in almost every country. Forced labour, people trafficking, debt bondage and child marriage are all forms of modern-day slavery that affect the world’s most vulnerable people.

  Slavery is prohibited under the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which states: “No one shall be held in slavery or servitude: slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all their forms.”

  Definitions of modern-day slavery are mainly taken from the 1956 UN supplementary convention, which says: “debt bondage, serfdom, forced marriage and the delivery of a child for the exploitation of that child are all slavery-like practices and require criminalisation and abolishment”. The 1930 Forced Labour Convention defines forced labour as “all work or service which is exacted from any person under the menace of any penalty and for which the said person has not offered himself voluntarily”. As contemporary systems of slavery have evolved, new definitions, including trafficking and distinguishing child slavery from child labour, have developed. 

  Due to its illegality, data on modern-day slavery is difficult to collate. The UN’s International Labour Organisation (ILO) estimates that about 21 million people are in forced labour at any point in time. The ILO says this estimate includes trafficking and other forms of modern slavery. The only exceptions are trafficking for organ removal, forced marriage and adoption, unless the last two practices result in forced labour. The ILO calculates that 90% of the 21 million are exploited by individuals or companies, while 10% are forced to work by the state, rebel military groups, or in prisons under conditions that violate ILO standards. Sexual exploitation accounts for 22% of slaves.

Leia atentamente o capítulo XXIX do romance “Quincas Borba” de Machado de Assis para responder a questão.

    RUBIÃO passou o resto da manhã alegremente. Era domingo; dois amigos vieram almoçar com ele, um rapaz de vinte e quatro anos, que roía as primeiras aparas dos bens da mãe, e um homem de quarenta e quatro ou quarenta e seis, que não tinha que roer.

Carlos Maria chamava-se o primeiro, Freitas o segundo. Rubião gostava de ambos, mas diferentemente;não era só a idade que o ligava mais ao Freitas, era também a índole deste homem. Freitas elogiava tudo, saudava cada prato e cada vinho com uma frase particular, delicada, e saía de lá com as algibeiras cheias de charutos, provando assim que os preferia a quaisquer outros. Tinhalhe sido apresentado em certo armazém da Rua Municipal, onde jantaram uma vez juntos. Contaram-lhe ali a história do homem, a sua boa e má fortuna, mas não entraram em particularidades. Rubião torceu o nariz; era naturalmente algum náufrago, cuja convivência não lhe traria nenhum prazer pessoal nem consideração pública. Mas o Freitas atenuou logo essa primeira impressão; era vivo, interessante, anedótico, alegre como um homem que tivesse cinqüenta contos de renda.

Leia atentamente o capítulo XXIX do romance “Quincas Borba” de Machado de Assis para responder a questão.

    RUBIÃO passou o resto da manhã alegremente. Era domingo; dois amigos vieram almoçar com ele, um rapaz de vinte e quatro anos, que roía as primeiras aparas dos bens da mãe, e um homem de quarenta e quatro ou quarenta e seis, que não tinha que roer.

Carlos Maria chamava-se o primeiro, Freitas o segundo. Rubião gostava de ambos, mas diferentemente;não era só a idade que o ligava mais ao Freitas, era também a índole deste homem. Freitas elogiava tudo, saudava cada prato e cada vinho com uma frase particular, delicada, e saía de lá com as algibeiras cheias de charutos, provando assim que os preferia a quaisquer outros. Tinhalhe sido apresentado em certo armazém da Rua Municipal, onde jantaram uma vez juntos. Contaram-lhe ali a história do homem, a sua boa e má fortuna, mas não entraram em particularidades. Rubião torceu o nariz; era naturalmente algum náufrago, cuja convivência não lhe traria nenhum prazer pessoal nem consideração pública. Mas o Freitas atenuou logo essa primeira impressão; era vivo, interessante, anedótico, alegre como um homem que tivesse cinqüenta contos de renda.

Leia atentamente o capítulo XXIX do romance “Quincas Borba” de Machado de Assis para responder a questão.

    RUBIÃO passou o resto da manhã alegremente. Era domingo; dois amigos vieram almoçar com ele, um rapaz de vinte e quatro anos, que roía as primeiras aparas dos bens da mãe, e um homem de quarenta e quatro ou quarenta e seis, que não tinha que roer.

Carlos Maria chamava-se o primeiro, Freitas o segundo. Rubião gostava de ambos, mas diferentemente;não era só a idade que o ligava mais ao Freitas, era também a índole deste homem. Freitas elogiava tudo, saudava cada prato e cada vinho com uma frase particular, delicada, e saía de lá com as algibeiras cheias de charutos, provando assim que os preferia a quaisquer outros. Tinhalhe sido apresentado em certo armazém da Rua Municipal, onde jantaram uma vez juntos. Contaram-lhe ali a história do homem, a sua boa e má fortuna, mas não entraram em particularidades. Rubião torceu o nariz; era naturalmente algum náufrago, cuja convivência não lhe traria nenhum prazer pessoal nem consideração pública. Mas o Freitas atenuou logo essa primeira impressão; era vivo, interessante, anedótico, alegre como um homem que tivesse cinqüenta contos de renda.

Leia atentamente o capítulo XXIX do romance “Quincas Borba” de Machado de Assis para responder a questão.

    RUBIÃO passou o resto da manhã alegremente. Era domingo; dois amigos vieram almoçar com ele, um rapaz de vinte e quatro anos, que roía as primeiras aparas dos bens da mãe, e um homem de quarenta e quatro ou quarenta e seis, que não tinha que roer.

Carlos Maria chamava-se o primeiro, Freitas o segundo. Rubião gostava de ambos, mas diferentemente;não era só a idade que o ligava mais ao Freitas, era também a índole deste homem. Freitas elogiava tudo, saudava cada prato e cada vinho com uma frase particular, delicada, e saía de lá com as algibeiras cheias de charutos, provando assim que os preferia a quaisquer outros. Tinhalhe sido apresentado em certo armazém da Rua Municipal, onde jantaram uma vez juntos. Contaram-lhe ali a história do homem, a sua boa e má fortuna, mas não entraram em particularidades. Rubião torceu o nariz; era naturalmente algum náufrago, cuja convivência não lhe traria nenhum prazer pessoal nem consideração pública. Mas o Freitas atenuou logo essa primeira impressão; era vivo, interessante, anedótico, alegre como um homem que tivesse cinqüenta contos de renda.

Quando o português chegou

Debaixo de uma bruta chuva

Vestiu o índio

Que pena!

Fosse uma manhã de sol

O índio tinha despido

O português.

É uma mobilização que reúne diferentes atores, como pais, educadores, médicos, comunicadores, instituições privadas, representantes de instituições governamentais, entre outros. Juntos, realizamos um conjunto de ações com o objetivo de ressaltar a importância do Brincar na sociedade.

O foco é lembrar os adultos sobre a necessidade de preservação e o respeito do tempo das crianças brincarem. Cada vez mais vemos famílias que, por não poderem ter um tempo de qualidade com seus filhos, compram vídeos, jogos eletrônicos entre outras coisas e passam menos tempo ao lado deles.

Chamamos de tempo de qualidade aquele que os adultos passam com as crianças, quando eles estão presentes com atenção e com amorosidade. Trata-se da presença atenta à intermediação, quando necessária, quando solicitada. Nada mais.

Fonte: Semana Mundial do Brincar

De acordo com o texto e com a norma padrão da Língua Portuguesa assinale a alternativa correta.

Small as a peanut,

Big as a giant,

We’re all the same size

When we turn off the light.

Rich as a sultan,

Poor as a mite,

We’re all worth the same

When we turn off the light.

Red, black or orange,

Yellow or white,

We all look the same

When we turn off the light

So maybe the way

To make everything right

Is for God just reach out

And turn off the light!

(Where the Sidewalk Ends, the poems and drawings of Shel Silverstein. New York, Harper Collins Publishers, 1974)

Small as a peanut,

Big as a giant,

We’re all the same size

When we turn off the light.

Rich as a sultan,

Poor as a mite,

We’re all worth the same

When we turn off the light.

Red, black or orange,

Yellow or white,

We all look the same

When we turn off the light

So maybe the way

To make everything right

Is for God just reach out

And turn off the light!

(Where the Sidewalk Ends, the poems and drawings of Shel Silverstein. New York, Harper Collins Publishers, 1974)