Prova de 2024: Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) — questões com gabarito

Leia o resumo de uma pesquisa que, em 2021, já alertava para questões climáticas e fatores a elas relacionados.

Climate change shapes weather events. However, describing it as the cause of disasters can be misleading, since disasters are caused by pre-existing fragilities and inequalities on the ground. Attribution is not neutral. Hence, analytic frames that attribute disaster to climate can divert attention from place-based vulnerabilities and their sociopolitical causes. While politicians may blame climate change, the public may hold the government accountable for inadequate investments in flood or drought prevention. To be strategic and moral, framing choices must therefore be sensitive to context and to how the values implicit within analytic frames about the causes of disasters shape policy responses. Such sensitivity requires multicausal analysis of weather-linked disasters to reduce the damages. Through examples from around the world, especially Brazil, we discuss how and why climate-centric disaster framing can erase from view—and, thus, from policy agendas—the very socioeconomic and political factors that centrally cause vulnerability and suffering in weather extremes.

(Adaptado de https://wires.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/wcc.750. Acesso em 15/05/2024.)

Qual alternativa expressa corretamente os argumentos dos autores do texto?

O post a seguir foi retirado da rede social de ALOK, artista cujos trabalhos abordam questões de gênero e identidade.

No post, a argumentação é articulada a partir dos diferentes sentidos das palavras

The fact that so few African Americans write science fiction is perplexing since they, in a very real sense, inhabit a sci-fi nightmare in which unseen but no less palpable acts of intolerance frustrate their movement; official histories undo what has been done; and technology is too often brought to bear on black bodies. Moreover, the sublegitimate status of science fiction in literature mirrors the subaltern position to which blacks have been relegated throughout American history. The notion of Afrofuturism gives rise to a troubling antinomy: can a community whose past has been deliberately rubbed out, and whose energies have been consumed by the search for legible traces of its history, imagine possible futures?

(Adaptado de DERY, M. Black to the future: interviews with Samuel R. Delany, Greg Tate, and Tricia Rose. In: ___. (Ed.) The Discourse of cyberculture. Durham; London: Duke University Press, p. 179-222, 1994.)

(Octavia E. Butler)

“To survive,

Let the past

Teach you--

Past customs,

Struggles,

Leaders and thinkers.

Let

These

Help you.

Let them inspire you,

Warn you,

Give you strength.

But beware:

God is Change.

The fact that so few African Americans write science fiction is perplexing since they, in a very real sense, inhabit a sci-fi nightmare in which unseen but no less palpable acts of intolerance frustrate their movement; official histories undo what has been done; and technology is too often brought to bear on black bodies. Moreover, the sublegitimate status of science fiction in literature mirrors the subaltern position to which blacks have been relegated throughout American history. The notion of Afrofuturism gives rise to a troubling antinomy: can a community whose past has been deliberately rubbed out, and whose energies have been consumed by the search for legible traces of its history, imagine possible futures?

(Adaptado de DERY, M. Black to the future: interviews with Samuel R. Delany, Greg Tate, and Tricia Rose. In: ___. (Ed.) The Discourse of cyberculture. Durham; London: Duke University Press, p. 179-222, 1994.)

De acordo com o texto 1, a escassez de autores afro-americanos em obras de ficção científica representa um

Use as informações do texto e da figura a seguir para a escolha da alternativa correta.

Images generated with artificial intelligence (AI) are often not faithful representations of reality. The chart illustrates the level of disparity between a realistic representation of race and gender in various professions and the images generated by AI. The center line in this graph means equal representation. In one case, AI-generated images exclusively represented a certain profession as being held by white males, even though it is actually held by a range of men, women, white, and non-white people. In another case, although more than half of the people holding this position self-identified as white, AI represented it as being held solely by women who were primarily non-white.

Considerando as informações da figura, quais as duas profissões referidas no texto?