Prova de 2013: Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais (PUC-MINAS) — questões com gabarito

    "Checking Facebook should only take a minute." Those are the famous last words of countless people every day, right before getting sucked into several hours of watching cat videos or commenting on Instagrammed sushi lunches. That behavior is natural, given how the Internet is structured, experts say. The Internet’s omnipresence and lack of limits encourage people to lose track of time, making it hard to exercise the self-control to turn it off.

    "The Internet is not addictive in the same way as pharmacological substances are," said Tom Stafford, a cognitive scientist at the University of Sheffield in the U.K. "But it's compulsive; it's compelling; it's distracting." Humans are social creatures. Therefore, people enjoy the social information available via email and the Web.     

    The main reason the Internet is so addictive is that it lacks boundaries between tasks, Stafford said. Someone may set out to "research something, and then accidentally go to Wikipedia, and then wind up trying to find out what ever happened to Depeche Mode," Stafford said, referring to the music band. Studies suggest willpower is like a muscle: It can be strengthened, but can also become exhausted. Because the Internet is always "on," staying on task requires constantly flexing that willpower muscle, which can exhaust a person's self-control.

    For those who want to loosen the grip of the Web on their lives, a few simple techniques may do the trick. Web-blocking tools that limit surfing time can help people regain control over their time. Another method is to plan ahead, committing to work for 20 minutes, or until a certain task is complete, and then allowing five minutes of Web surfing, Stafford said.

(Adapted from: http://www.mnn.com/green-tech/computers/stories/why-the-internet-is-so-addictive) 

    "Checking Facebook should only take a minute." Those are the famous last words of countless people every day, right before getting sucked into several hours of watching cat videos or commenting on Instagrammed sushi lunches. That behavior is natural, given how the Internet is structured, experts say. The Internet’s omnipresence and lack of limits encourage people to lose track of time, making it hard to exercise the self-control to turn it off.

    "The Internet is not addictive in the same way as pharmacological substances are," said Tom Stafford, a cognitive scientist at the University of Sheffield in the U.K. "But it's compulsive; it's compelling; it's distracting." Humans are social creatures. Therefore, people enjoy the social information available via email and the Web.     

    The main reason the Internet is so addictive is that it lacks boundaries between tasks, Stafford said. Someone may set out to "research something, and then accidentally go to Wikipedia, and then wind up trying to find out what ever happened to Depeche Mode," Stafford said, referring to the music band. Studies suggest willpower is like a muscle: It can be strengthened, but can also become exhausted. Because the Internet is always "on," staying on task requires constantly flexing that willpower muscle, which can exhaust a person's self-control.

    For those who want to loosen the grip of the Web on their lives, a few simple techniques may do the trick. Web-blocking tools that limit surfing time can help people regain control over their time. Another method is to plan ahead, committing to work for 20 minutes, or until a certain task is complete, and then allowing five minutes of Web surfing, Stafford said.

(Adapted from: http://www.mnn.com/green-tech/computers/stories/why-the-internet-is-so-addictive) 

    "Checking Facebook should only take a minute." Those are the famous last words of countless people every day, right before getting sucked into several hours of watching cat videos or commenting on Instagrammed sushi lunches. That behavior is natural, given how the Internet is structured, experts say. The Internet’s omnipresence and lack of limits encourage people to lose track of time, making it hard to exercise the self-control to turn it off.

    "The Internet is not addictive in the same way as pharmacological substances are," said Tom Stafford, a cognitive scientist at the University of Sheffield in the U.K. "But it's compulsive; it's compelling; it's distracting." Humans are social creatures. Therefore, people enjoy the social information available via email and the Web.     

    The main reason the Internet is so addictive is that it lacks boundaries between tasks, Stafford said. Someone may set out to "research something, and then accidentally go to Wikipedia, and then wind up trying to find out what ever happened to Depeche Mode," Stafford said, referring to the music band. Studies suggest willpower is like a muscle: It can be strengthened, but can also become exhausted. Because the Internet is always "on," staying on task requires constantly flexing that willpower muscle, which can exhaust a person's self-control.

    For those who want to loosen the grip of the Web on their lives, a few simple techniques may do the trick. Web-blocking tools that limit surfing time can help people regain control over their time. Another method is to plan ahead, committing to work for 20 minutes, or until a certain task is complete, and then allowing five minutes of Web surfing, Stafford said.

(Adapted from: http://www.mnn.com/green-tech/computers/stories/why-the-internet-is-so-addictive) 

    "Checking Facebook should only take a minute." Those are the famous last words of countless people every day, right before getting sucked into several hours of watching cat videos or commenting on Instagrammed sushi lunches. That behavior is natural, given how the Internet is structured, experts say. The Internet’s omnipresence and lack of limits encourage people to lose track of time, making it hard to exercise the self-control to turn it off.

    "The Internet is not addictive in the same way as pharmacological substances are," said Tom Stafford, a cognitive scientist at the University of Sheffield in the U.K. "But it's compulsive; it's compelling; it's distracting." Humans are social creatures. Therefore, people enjoy the social information available via email and the Web.     

    The main reason the Internet is so addictive is that it lacks boundaries between tasks, Stafford said. Someone may set out to "research something, and then accidentally go to Wikipedia, and then wind up trying to find out what ever happened to Depeche Mode," Stafford said, referring to the music band. Studies suggest willpower is like a muscle: It can be strengthened, but can also become exhausted. Because the Internet is always "on," staying on task requires constantly flexing that willpower muscle, which can exhaust a person's self-control.

    For those who want to loosen the grip of the Web on their lives, a few simple techniques may do the trick. Web-blocking tools that limit surfing time can help people regain control over their time. Another method is to plan ahead, committing to work for 20 minutes, or until a certain task is complete, and then allowing five minutes of Web surfing, Stafford said.

(Adapted from: http://www.mnn.com/green-tech/computers/stories/why-the-internet-is-so-addictive) 

    "Checking Facebook should only take a minute." Those are the famous last words of countless people every day, right before getting sucked into several hours of watching cat videos or commenting on Instagrammed sushi lunches. That behavior is natural, given how the Internet is structured, experts say. The Internet’s omnipresence and lack of limits encourage people to lose track of time, making it hard to exercise the self-control to turn it off.

    "The Internet is not addictive in the same way as pharmacological substances are," said Tom Stafford, a cognitive scientist at the University of Sheffield in the U.K. "But it's compulsive; it's compelling; it's distracting." Humans are social creatures. Therefore, people enjoy the social information available via email and the Web.     

    The main reason the Internet is so addictive is that it lacks boundaries between tasks, Stafford said. Someone may set out to "research something, and then accidentally go to Wikipedia, and then wind up trying to find out what ever happened to Depeche Mode," Stafford said, referring to the music band. Studies suggest willpower is like a muscle: It can be strengthened, but can also become exhausted. Because the Internet is always "on," staying on task requires constantly flexing that willpower muscle, which can exhaust a person's self-control.

    For those who want to loosen the grip of the Web on their lives, a few simple techniques may do the trick. Web-blocking tools that limit surfing time can help people regain control over their time. Another method is to plan ahead, committing to work for 20 minutes, or until a certain task is complete, and then allowing five minutes of Web surfing, Stafford said.

(Adapted from: http://www.mnn.com/green-tech/computers/stories/why-the-internet-is-so-addictive) 

    London is a city made for walking. Unlike, for example, Los Angeles its centre is easily accessible on foot. Between 2001 and 2011 the number of trips made daily on foot in London increased by 12%. Each day 6.2m walks are made across the city.

   Several reasons account for the walking boom. The number of Londoners increased by 12% from 7.3m in 2001 to 8.2m in 2011, and Underground trains are hot and overcrowded. But other factors also encourage pedestrians. In 2004 Ken Livingstone, then mayor of London, promised to make London a “walkable city”. Some of his plans were carried on by Boris Johnson, the current mayor. These include a scheme to create clearly-marked maps for use across the city and make streets more pedestrian-friendly. Londoners may also be more aware of the advantages of walking. Health campaigns like the National Health Service’s “Live Well” emphasize that walking is the easiest form of exercise.

   High streets and town centres need to win back walkers. Learning from London’s incentives could be a start. 

The word could in “Learning from London’s incentives could be a start.” (paragraph 03) indicates

    London is a city made for walking. Unlike, for example, Los Angeles its centre is easily accessible on foot. Between 2001 and 2011 the number of trips made daily on foot in London increased by 12%. Each day 6.2m walks are made across the city.

   Several reasons account for the walking boom. The number of Londoners increased by 12% from 7.3m in 2001 to 8.2m in 2011, and Underground trains are hot and overcrowded. But other factors also encourage pedestrians. In 2004 Ken Livingstone, then mayor of London, promised to make London a “walkable city”. Some of his plans were carried on by Boris Johnson, the current mayor. These include a scheme to create clearly-marked maps for use across the city and make streets more pedestrian-friendly. Londoners may also be more aware of the advantages of walking. Health campaigns like the National Health Service’s “Live Well” emphasize that walking is the easiest form of exercise.

   High streets and town centres need to win back walkers. Learning from London’s incentives could be a start. 

    London is a city made for walking. Unlike, for example, Los Angeles its centre is easily accessible on foot. Between 2001 and 2011 the number of trips made daily on foot in London increased by 12%. Each day 6.2m walks are made across the city.

   Several reasons account for the walking boom. The number of Londoners increased by 12% from 7.3m in 2001 to 8.2m in 2011, and Underground trains are hot and overcrowded. But other factors also encourage pedestrians. In 2004 Ken Livingstone, then mayor of London, promised to make London a “walkable city”. Some of his plans were carried on by Boris Johnson, the current mayor. These include a scheme to create clearly-marked maps for use across the city and make streets more pedestrian-friendly. Londoners may also be more aware of the advantages of walking. Health campaigns like the National Health Service’s “Live Well” emphasize that walking is the easiest form of exercise.

   High streets and town centres need to win back walkers. Learning from London’s incentives could be a start. 

    London is a city made for walking. Unlike, for example, Los Angeles its centre is easily accessible on foot. Between 2001 and 2011 the number of trips made daily on foot in London increased by 12%. Each day 6.2m walks are made across the city.

   Several reasons account for the walking boom. The number of Londoners increased by 12% from 7.3m in 2001 to 8.2m in 2011, and Underground trains are hot and overcrowded. But other factors also encourage pedestrians. In 2004 Ken Livingstone, then mayor of London, promised to make London a “walkable city”. Some of his plans were carried on by Boris Johnson, the current mayor. These include a scheme to create clearly-marked maps for use across the city and make streets more pedestrian-friendly. Londoners may also be more aware of the advantages of walking. Health campaigns like the National Health Service’s “Live Well” emphasize that walking is the easiest form of exercise.

   High streets and town centres need to win back walkers. Learning from London’s incentives could be a start.