Questões do ENEM: Linguagens

Text 1 

 Toms Shoes make it a Christmas to

remember in Argentina

The ethical fashion brand, founded four years ago by L.A entrepreneur, Blake Mycoskie, 34 has just given away its millionth pair of shoes in a bid to make a difference to the lives of poverty stricken children around the world.

Toms Shoes is based on a simple philosophy, for every pair of shoes it sells on the high street, it gives away a pair to a child in need.

‘When I arrived in Buenos Aires four years ago, I was shocked by the level of poverty I saw and the number of children running around barefoot. I wanted to do something to help,” says Blake. “Four years on we sell our shoes all over America and Europe and distribute free shoes to kids everywhere from South America and Haiti to Ethiopia. Coming back to Argentina was really special.’ Argentina may conjure up romantic images of tango clubs and polo matches but over a quarter of the population live in poverty here with a shocking one in ten surviving on less than a dollar a day.

Typically a child might share one pair of shoes with several siblings meaning their tiny feet are usually calloused and rough by the tender age of five or their toes twisted and bent from wearing ill-fitting shoes.

Toms Shoes has now become something of a movement rather than a business and with a host of designers on board the brand has acquired an array of celebrity fans from Demi Moore to Keira Knightly. Even Bill Clinton has a pair.

Adaptado de:

http://www.marieclaire.co.uk/news/lifestyle/504822/toms-shoesmake-it-a-christmas-to-remember-in-argentina.html (7/11/2010)

Answer the follow question based on Text 1. 

Toms Shoes’ philosophy is aimed at 

Text 1 

 Toms Shoes make it a Christmas to

remember in Argentina

The ethical fashion brand, founded four years ago by L.A entrepreneur, Blake Mycoskie, 34 has just given away its millionth pair of shoes in a bid to make a difference to the lives of poverty stricken children around the world.

Toms Shoes is based on a simple philosophy, for every pair of shoes it sells on the high street, it gives away a pair to a child in need.

‘When I arrived in Buenos Aires four years ago, I was shocked by the level of poverty I saw and the number of children running around barefoot. I wanted to do something to help,” says Blake. “Four years on we sell our shoes all over America and Europe and distribute free shoes to kids everywhere from South America and Haiti to Ethiopia. Coming back to Argentina was really special.’ Argentina may conjure up romantic images of tango clubs and polo matches but over a quarter of the population live in poverty here with a shocking one in ten surviving on less than a dollar a day.

Typically a child might share one pair of shoes with several siblings meaning their tiny feet are usually calloused and rough by the tender age of five or their toes twisted and bent from wearing ill-fitting shoes.

Toms Shoes has now become something of a movement rather than a business and with a host of designers on board the brand has acquired an array of celebrity fans from Demi Moore to Keira Knightly. Even Bill Clinton has a pair.

Adaptado de:

http://www.marieclaire.co.uk/news/lifestyle/504822/toms-shoesmake-it-a-christmas-to-remember-in-argentina.html (7/11/2010)

Answer the follow question based on Text 1. 

One can infer from Blake’s actions that

Text 1 

 Toms Shoes make it a Christmas to

remember in Argentina

The ethical fashion brand, founded four years ago by L.A entrepreneur, Blake Mycoskie, 34 has just given away its millionth pair of shoes in a bid to make a difference to the lives of poverty stricken children around the world.

Toms Shoes is based on a simple philosophy, for every pair of shoes it sells on the high street, it gives away a pair to a child in need.

‘When I arrived in Buenos Aires four years ago, I was shocked by the level of poverty I saw and the number of children running around barefoot. I wanted to do something to help,” says Blake. “Four years on we sell our shoes all over America and Europe and distribute free shoes to kids everywhere from South America and Haiti to Ethiopia. Coming back to Argentina was really special.’ Argentina may conjure up romantic images of tango clubs and polo matches but over a quarter of the population live in poverty here with a shocking one in ten surviving on less than a dollar a day.

Typically a child might share one pair of shoes with several siblings meaning their tiny feet are usually calloused and rough by the tender age of five or their toes twisted and bent from wearing ill-fitting shoes.

Toms Shoes has now become something of a movement rather than a business and with a host of designers on board the brand has acquired an array of celebrity fans from Demi Moore to Keira Knightly. Even Bill Clinton has a pair.

Adaptado de:

http://www.marieclaire.co.uk/news/lifestyle/504822/toms-shoesmake-it-a-christmas-to-remember-in-argentina.html (7/11/2010)

Answer the follow question based on Text 1. 

Blake acknowledges that 

Text 1 

 Toms Shoes make it a Christmas to

remember in Argentina

The ethical fashion brand, founded four years ago by L.A entrepreneur, Blake Mycoskie, 34 has just given away its millionth pair of shoes in a bid to make a difference to the lives of poverty stricken children around the world.

Toms Shoes is based on a simple philosophy, for every pair of shoes it sells on the high street, it gives away a pair to a child in need.

‘When I arrived in Buenos Aires four years ago, I was shocked by the level of poverty I saw and the number of children running around barefoot. I wanted to do something to help,” says Blake. “Four years on we sell our shoes all over America and Europe and distribute free shoes to kids everywhere from South America and Haiti to Ethiopia. Coming back to Argentina was really special.’ Argentina may conjure up romantic images of tango clubs and polo matches but over a quarter of the population live in poverty here with a shocking one in ten surviving on less than a dollar a day.

Typically a child might share one pair of shoes with several siblings meaning their tiny feet are usually calloused and rough by the tender age of five or their toes twisted and bent from wearing ill-fitting shoes.

Toms Shoes has now become something of a movement rather than a business and with a host of designers on board the brand has acquired an array of celebrity fans from Demi Moore to Keira Knightly. Even Bill Clinton has a pair.

Adaptado de:

http://www.marieclaire.co.uk/news/lifestyle/504822/toms-shoesmake-it-a-christmas-to-remember-in-argentina.html (7/11/2010)

Answer the follow question based on Text 1. 

According to the text 

Text2

 Emergency Oceans Rescue Plan

 Our oceans give us life – they provide us with oxygen and food, and they contain over 80% of all life on Earth. In exchange, we plunder them of fish, choke them with pollution and heat them with climate change. As a result of industrial fishing in the last 60 years, 90% of the oceans’ large predatory fish, such as tuna, swordfish, marlin and sharks, have been taken from our oceans. We are only beginning to understand the full extent of the impacts our actions have. As climate change causes sea ice in our polar oceans to melt and air pollution increases the acidity of our oceans, the degradation of our oceans is gathering pace.

However, our ocean crisis can - and must - be reversed by setting aside areas of oceans as marine reserves, areas offlimits to fishing and other industrial activities, like wildlife parks at sea. In 2006, Greenpeace presented a bold vision for the world community - a proposal for a global network of marine reserves covering 40% of the oceans. Since then, world leaders have failed to make significant progress, despite international commitments under the World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) and the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), to create this network by 2012. The condition of our oceans has continued to worsen; today less than 1% of them are protected as marine reserves.

Adaptado de: http://www.greenpeace.org/international/PageFiles/163940/Emerge ncy%20Oceans%20Rescue%20Plan%20- 20Executive%20Summary .pdf> Acessado em 7 de novembro de2010

Answer the follow question based on Text 2. 

From what is said, one can infer that 

Text2

 Emergency Oceans Rescue Plan

 Our oceans give us life – they provide us with oxygen and food, and they contain over 80% of all life on Earth. In exchange, we plunder them of fish, choke them with pollution and heat them with climate change. As a result of industrial fishing in the last 60 years, 90% of the oceans’ large predatory fish, such as tuna, swordfish, marlin and sharks, have been taken from our oceans. We are only beginning to understand the full extent of the impacts our actions have. As climate change causes sea ice in our polar oceans to melt and air pollution increases the acidity of our oceans, the degradation of our oceans is gathering pace.

However, our ocean crisis can - and must - be reversed by setting aside areas of oceans as marine reserves, areas offlimits to fishing and other industrial activities, like wildlife parks at sea. In 2006, Greenpeace presented a bold vision for the world community - a proposal for a global network of marine reserves covering 40% of the oceans. Since then, world leaders have failed to make significant progress, despite international commitments under the World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) and the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), to create this network by 2012. The condition of our oceans has continued to worsen; today less than 1% of them are protected as marine reserves.

Adaptado de: http://www.greenpeace.org/international/PageFiles/163940/Emerge ncy%20Oceans%20Rescue%20Plan%20- 20Executive%20Summary .pdf> Acessado em 7 de novembro de2010

Answer the follow question based on Text 2. 

Text2

 Emergency Oceans Rescue Plan

 Our oceans give us life – they provide us with oxygen and food, and they contain over 80% of all life on Earth. In exchange, we plunder them of fish, choke them with pollution and heat them with climate change. As a result of industrial fishing in the last 60 years, 90% of the oceans’ large predatory fish, such as tuna, swordfish, marlin and sharks, have been taken from our oceans. We are only beginning to understand the full extent of the impacts our actions have. As climate change causes sea ice in our polar oceans to melt and air pollution increases the acidity of our oceans, the degradation of our oceans is gathering pace.

However, our ocean crisis can - and must - be reversed by setting aside areas of oceans as marine reserves, areas offlimits to fishing and other industrial activities, like wildlife parks at sea. In 2006, Greenpeace presented a bold vision for the world community - a proposal for a global network of marine reserves covering 40% of the oceans. Since then, world leaders have failed to make significant progress, despite international commitments under the World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) and the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), to create this network by 2012. The condition of our oceans has continued to worsen; today less than 1% of them are protected as marine reserves.

Adaptado de: http://www.greenpeace.org/international/PageFiles/163940/Emerge ncy%20Oceans%20Rescue%20Plan%20- 20Executive%20Summary .pdf> Acessado em 7 de novembro de2010

Answer the follow question based on Text 2. 

Text2

 Emergency Oceans Rescue Plan

 Our oceans give us life – they provide us with oxygen and food, and they contain over 80% of all life on Earth. In exchange, we plunder them of fish, choke them with pollution and heat them with climate change. As a result of industrial fishing in the last 60 years, 90% of the oceans’ large predatory fish, such as tuna, swordfish, marlin and sharks, have been taken from our oceans. We are only beginning to understand the full extent of the impacts our actions have. As climate change causes sea ice in our polar oceans to melt and air pollution increases the acidity of our oceans, the degradation of our oceans is gathering pace.

However, our ocean crisis can - and must - be reversed by setting aside areas of oceans as marine reserves, areas offlimits to fishing and other industrial activities, like wildlife parks at sea. In 2006, Greenpeace presented a bold vision for the world community - a proposal for a global network of marine reserves covering 40% of the oceans. Since then, world leaders have failed to make significant progress, despite international commitments under the World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) and the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), to create this network by 2012. The condition of our oceans has continued to worsen; today less than 1% of them are protected as marine reserves.

Adaptado de: http://www.greenpeace.org/international/PageFiles/163940/Emerge ncy%20Oceans%20Rescue%20Plan%20- 20Executive%20Summary .pdf> Acessado em 7 de novembro de2010

Answer the follow question based on Text 2. 

Text 3 

The gorilla joke

A gorilla went into a bar and ordered a whisky. The barman thought that it was unusual to see a gorilla in a bar drinking whisky and, thinking that gorillas must be stupid, he thought he would try to take advantage of the situation and overcharge him. He served the gorilla the whisky and said, 'That'll be fifty dollars please'. The gorilla immediately took out his wallet and paid the barman, who was very happy. The gorilla drank his whisky quietly and then ordered another. The barman served him and charged him another fifty dollars. As the gorilla was drinking his whisky, the barman got curious and decided to find out why the gorilla was in the bar. So, to strike up a conversation, he said, 'It's funny, we don't get many gorillas in here'.

'I'm not surprised with the price of your whisky.' the gorilla replied.

Disponível em:

<http://teachingenglish.org.uk/sites/teacheng/files/joke.pfd>

Acessado em 6 de novembro de 2010. 

Answer the follow question based on Text 3. 

For the barman, 

Text 3 

The gorilla joke

A gorilla went into a bar and ordered a whisky. The barman thought that it was unusual to see a gorilla in a bar drinking whisky and, thinking that gorillas must be stupid, he thought he would try to take advantage of the situation and overcharge him. He served the gorilla the whisky and said, 'That'll be fifty dollars please'. The gorilla immediately took out his wallet and paid the barman, who was very happy. The gorilla drank his whisky quietly and then ordered another. The barman served him and charged him another fifty dollars. As the gorilla was drinking his whisky, the barman got curious and decided to find out why the gorilla was in the bar. So, to strike up a conversation, he said, 'It's funny, we don't get many gorillas in here'.

'I'm not surprised with the price of your whisky.' the gorilla replied.

Disponível em:

<http://teachingenglish.org.uk/sites/teacheng/files/joke.pfd>

Acessado em 6 de novembro de 2010. 

Answer the follow question based on Text 3. 

For the gorilla, 

Considere as afirmações a respeito do texto I e II.

I - O texto I utiliza a ironia, uma vez que se verifica contradição entre o ambiente urbano e os slogans colocados nos carros.

II - Os textos I e II abordam o mesmo tema, em que ambos ressaltam a importância de se conscientizar quanto aos impactos ambientais causados pelo uso excessivo de transportes individuais.

III - O texto II fez o emprego da função conativa, posto que tenta persuadir o leitor a uma mudança de comportamento em relação à utilização do transporte coletivo.

IV - Nos textos I e II, há a predominância da função emotiva, visto que os autores expressam o seu sentimento em relação ao uso do transporte urbano e a preocupação com as questões ambientais.

Assinale:

Leia o texto para responder a questão

Em relação ao texto e ao contexto literário, pode-se afirmar que:

Assinale com V(verdadeiro) ou F (falso) as afirmações a seguir, relacionadas à obra Noite na Taverna, de Álvares Azevedo.

( ) As citações filosóficas confirmam a temática oposicionista do livro ao abordar: imortalidade da alma x mortalidade da alma; a afirmação do prazer x negação do prazer; a existência de Deus x a inexistência de Deus.

( ) O tema, no segundo capítulo, é a necrofilia, a morte, a catalepsia e o amor obsessivo. Contudo, a necrofilia pretendida por Bertran não se concretiza, uma vez que a defunta acorda durante o coito.

( ) De acordo com Bertran, no terceiro capítulo, em que Satã mostra o mundo a Cristo, e oferece-o a Ele, Bertran o ironiza por decepcionar-se com o mundo ao verificar que este é árido e amargo diante da fome e da sede.

( ) Através do personagem Gennaro, considerado o mais normal de todos os amigos na taverna, a temática abordada no quarto capítulo é o desencontro, a ingratidão, o aborto, o adultério, o sonambulismo, o amor obsessivo, o suicídio e o arrependimento.

( ) A perversão sexual e o amor obsessivo de Arnold permeiam o quinto capítulo, no qual ele propõe a Eleonora a fuga e ou a morte. Eles fogem, porém o Duque Maffio a encontra só, e quando Arnold , que saíra, retorna ao quarto, encontra-os ensopados de sangue no recanto escuro da alcova. ( ) Johann, no sexto capítulo, comete fratricídio e o incesto, contudo, pratica-os sem saber quem era o seu algoz e sua amante.

( ) Pode-se concluir que, na obra, o homem não passa de uma fera, o qual justifica intelectualmente sua conduta, com argumentos tanto filosóficos quanto literários, os quais remetem o leitor ao romance fantástico, remetendo-o a questionamentos profundos sobre temas não muito comuns para discussão.

A sequência correta de preenchimento dos parênteses, de cima para baixo é:

Leia as afirmações sobre Morte e vida Severina, de João Cabral de Melo Neto.

I - Em toda a narrativa, Severino participa como um espectador desde a sua saída da Serra da Costela até chegar ao seu porto seguro, que é a cidade de Recife.

II - Os fatos narrados são marcados pela morte, até o momento do nascimento do filho do mestre carpina, o que prenuncia a esperança de uma vida nova.

III - A linguagem da narrativa é elaborada com precisão, realista, concreta, como se pode perceber no fragmento “Só os roçados da morte/compensam aqui cultivar,/e cultivá-los é fácil:/simples questão de plantar;/ não se precisa de limpa,/ de adubar nem de regar;/ as estiagens e as pragas” [...], em que vê claramente a privação do retirante em ter uma qualidade de vida.

IV - O título da obra é um contraponto partindo-se da premissa de que antes da vida vem a morte, porém a inversão no auto é proposital, para mostrar a miséria e a falta de perspectiva do homem nordestino.

Assinale a alternativa correta sobre as afirmações:

Leia a tira abaixo para responder a questão

Levando-se em consideração os elementos constitutivos da tira, infere-se que:

A questão se refere ao texto abaixo.

“A atividade que a televisão desempenha no contexto educacional é externa a ela [...] A televisão depende do entorno. Nesse sentido, a televisão está – ou pode estar mais relacionada, paradoxalmente, com a realidade. A atividade gerada na Internet está intrinsecamente unida ao meio. Tudo é feito dentro da Internet. Essa autosuficiência pode levar à endogamia, ao autismo e à ilusão de uma realidade tecnológica que possa substituir o entorno humano. A televisão tradicional tem uma dimensão mais humanóide, porque a relação com o mundo, na televisão, está estreitamente vinculada à imagem antropocêntrica [...] Por isso, a televisão tende a aprisionar o espectador em seu próprio mundo; a fazer com que ele não se interesse pelo que acontece com os outros. A Internet não pode desenvolver-se sem a participação dos usuários. Isso não obriga ninguém a ter interesse social pelo outro, mas a atividade de cada um depende, sim, da atividade do outro.”

VILCHES, L. A migração digital. São Paulo: Edições Loyola, 2003. 

Com base no texto I e II, analise as afirmativas a seguir:

I - Ao enfocar a variedade linguística de se expressar, Bagno enfatiza que o preconceito deve ser combatido, pois há práticas sociais e hábitos culturais diferenciados.

II - Pode-se verificar no texto II o emprego de dialeto, ou seja, uma variedade linguística regional.

III - O uso da linguagem coloquial pode ocorrer em qualquer situação social, independente do meio em que o falante esteja inserido.

IV - O foco do texto I registra-se no texto II, quando o falante se expressa através da gíria: ‘uai, sô’.

Estão corretas apenas as afirmativas: