Questões do ENEM: Linguagens

Text 2

       Because of the bright lights of the modern cities, when we look up at the sky we can see no more than 100 stars. But from dark parts of the Earth, the naked eye can see more than 5,000! And modern telescopes tell a very different story.

         With the help of some of the world’s most powerful instruments to measure the brightness of all the galaxies in one sector of the cosmos, Australian astronomers say it is probable that there are 70 sextillion stars in the visible Universe. In other words and numbers, seven followed by 22 zeroes, a really astronomical figure.

       That is more than the total number of grains of sand in all the world’s beaches and deserts, and that is only the visible Universe within range of our telescopes.

       Dr. Simon Driver, of the Australian National University, has a theory that some of them probably have life. Dr. Driver’s theory is not exactly new, and those planets are so distant, he says, that there is no real possibility for us to see or contact anyone living on them. 

Retirado do livro “Inglês série Brasil”, p. 8, 2008

Considere a charge abaixo e, em seguida, responda ao que se pede na questao.

Levando-se em consideração as linguagens verbal e não verbal, presentes na charge, indique qual das alternativas abaixo não apresenta uma leitura possível do texto.

Pessoal intransferível

Escute, meu chapa: um poeta não se faz com versos. É o risco, é estar sempre a perigo sem medo, é inventar o perigo e estar sempre recriando dificuldades pelo menos maiores, é destruir a linguagem e explodir com ela. Nada no bolso e nas mãos. Sabendo: perigoso, divino, maravilhoso.

Poetar é simples, como dois e dois são quatro sei que a vida vale a pena etc. Difícil é não correr com os versos debaixo do braço. Difícil é não cortar o cabelo quando a barra pesa. Difícil, pra quem não é poeta, é não trair a sua poesia, que, pensando bem, não é nada, se você está sempre pronto a temer tudo; menos o ridículo de declamar versinhos sorridentes. E sair por aí, ainda por cima sorridente mestre de cerimônias, “herdeiro” da poesia dos que levaram a coisa até o fim e continuam levando, graças a Deus.

E fique sabendo: quem não se arrisca não pode berrar. Citação: leve um homem e um boi ao matadouro. O que berrar mais na hora do perigo é o homem, nem que seja o boi. Adeusão.

TORQUATO NETO. Melhores poemas de Torquato Neto. São Paulo: Global, 2018.

Expoente da poesia produzida no Brasil na década de 1970 e autor de composições representativas da Tropicália, Torquato Neto mobiliza, nesse texto,

Text 2

       Because of the bright lights of the modern cities, when we look up at the sky we can see no more than 100 stars. But from dark parts of the Earth, the naked eye can see more than 5,000! And modern telescopes tell a very different story.

         With the help of some of the world’s most powerful instruments to measure the brightness of all the galaxies in one sector of the cosmos, Australian astronomers say it is probable that there are 70 sextillion stars in the visible Universe. In other words and numbers, seven followed by 22 zeroes, a really astronomical figure.

       That is more than the total number of grains of sand in all the world’s beaches and deserts, and that is only the visible Universe within range of our telescopes.

       Dr. Simon Driver, of the Australian National University, has a theory that some of them probably have life. Dr. Driver’s theory is not exactly new, and those planets are so distant, he says, that there is no real possibility for us to see or contact anyone living on them. 

Retirado do livro “Inglês série Brasil”, p. 8, 2008

Analyze the following statements:

I. The number of stars in the visible Universe is an astronomical figure.

II. Some stars have life, but they are too far away from the Earth.

III. There are more grains of sands on the world’s beaches and deserts than all the stars in the Universe.

IV. Life is impossible on those distant planets, according to Dr. Simon Driver.

Mark the correct alternative:

Considere a charge abaixo e, em seguida, responda ao que se pede na questao.

Disponível em: www.vidasimples.uol.com.br. Acesso em: 6 dez. 2017 (adaptado).

A apropriação das informações produzidas na imagem do GPS, nesse texto, tem o propósito de

Text 3

What is a Computer?

           Nowadays, in most modern societies, almost everybody has idea about what a computer is. We depend on computers in every aspect of our lives whether we know how to use one or not. But does everyone really know how a computer works inside?

       A computer is an electronic machine which processes data and provides the results of the processing as information. There are three basic steps in the computing process. The first one is input, which consists of feeding data into the computer’s memory. Then comes the processing: the program is run and the computer processes the data by performing a set of instructions. The third and final step is the output furnished by the computer, which allows the user to see the results either in printed form or on the screen.

         The world of computers has created a specific language of its own. English words such as software and hardware are used worldwide and have been borrowed by many different languages. Software is information in the form of data and programs, and hardware refers to the electronic and mechanical parts that make up a computer system.

         Despite the constant presence of computers in most modern societies, it is a great mistake to believe that everybody in the world is computerliterate, i.e., is familiar with computers and knows how to use them properly. In some contemporary societies, many people still have no idea about the existence of computers, and even in the so-called developed countries, there are lots of people who do not know or do not care about what a computer is.

Inglês.com.textos para informática, p. 25, 2001

Text 3

What is a Computer?

           Nowadays, in most modern societies, almost everybody has idea about what a computer is. We depend on computers in every aspect of our lives whether we know how to use one or not. But does everyone really know how a computer works inside?

       A computer is an electronic machine which processes data and provides the results of the processing as information. There are three basic steps in the computing process. The first one is input, which consists of feeding data into the computer’s memory. Then comes the processing: the program is run and the computer processes the data by performing a set of instructions. The third and final step is the output furnished by the computer, which allows the user to see the results either in printed form or on the screen.

         The world of computers has created a specific language of its own. English words such as software and hardware are used worldwide and have been borrowed by many different languages. Software is information in the form of data and programs, and hardware refers to the electronic and mechanical parts that make up a computer system.

         Despite the constant presence of computers in most modern societies, it is a great mistake to believe that everybody in the world is computerliterate, i.e., is familiar with computers and knows how to use them properly. In some contemporary societies, many people still have no idea about the existence of computers, and even in the so-called developed countries, there are lots of people who do not know or do not care about what a computer is.

Inglês.com.textos para informática, p. 25, 2001

Dias depois da morte de D. Mariquinha, Seu Lula, todo de luto, reuniu os negros no pátio da casa-grande e falou para eles. A voz não era mais aquela voz mansa de outros tempos. Agora Seu Lula era o dono de tudo. O feitor, o negro Deodato, recebera as suas instruções aos gritos. Seu Lula não queria vadiação naquele engenho. Agora, todas as tardes, os negros teriam que rezar as ave-marias. Negro não podia mais andar de reza para S. Cosme e S. Damião. Aquilo era feitiçaria. [...]

E o feitor Deodato, com a proteção do senhor, começou a tratar a escravatura como um carrasco. O chicote cantava no lombo dos negros, sem piedade. Todos os dias chegavam negros chorando aos pés de D. Amélia, pedindo valia, proteção contra o chicote do Deodato. A fama da maldade do feitor espalhara-se pela várzea. O senhor de engenho do Santa Fé tinha um escravo que matava negro na peia. [...] E o Santa Fé foi ficando assim o engenho sinistro da várzea.

RÊGO, J. L. Fogo morto. Rio de Janeiro: José Olympio, 1989.

A condição dos trabalhadores escravizados do Santa Fé torna-se exponencialmente aflitiva após a morte da senhora do engenho. Nessa passagem, o sofrimento a que se submetem é intensificado pela reação à