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Questões do ENEM: Verbos modais | Modal verbs

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60 questões encontradas. Mostrando a página 2 de 3.

  • 62480DB8-B0

    Inglês

    Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension    PUC - SP · 2018MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritos

    Responda a questão de acordo com o texto de Lauren Camera.


    Supreme Court Expands Rights for Students with Disabilities

    By Lauren Camera, Education Reporter - March 22, 2017. Adaptado. 

    Imagem da questão de Inglês, da prova de 2018

    In a unanimous decision with major implications for students with disabilities, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled Wednesday that schools must provide higher educational standards for children with special needs. Schools must do more than provide a ‘merely more than de minimis’ education for students with disabilities and instead must provide them with an opportunity to make "appropriately ambitious" progress in line with the federal education law.

    “When all is said and done,” wrote Chief Justice John G. Roberts, “a student offered an education program providing a ‘merely more than de minimis’ progress from year to year can hardly be said to have been offered an education at all.” He continued, citing a 1982 Supreme Court ruling on special education: “For children with disabilities, receiving an instruction that aims so low would be equivalent to ‘sitting idly... awaiting the time when they were old enough to drop out.’”

    There are roughly 6.4 million students with disabilities between ages 3 to 21, representing roughly 13 percent of all students, according to Institute for Education Statistics. Each year 300,000 of those students leave school and just 65 percent of students with disabilities complete high school.

    The case which culminated in the Supreme Court decision originated with an autistic boy in Colorado named Endrew. His parents pulled him out of school in 5th grade because they disagreed with his individualized education plan. Under federal law, the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), schools must work with families to develop individualized learning plans for students with disabilities.

    While Endrew had been making progress in the public schools, his parents felt his plan for that year simply replicated goals from years past. As a result, they enrolled him in a private school where, they argued, Endrew made academic and social progress. 

    Seeking tuition reimbursement*, they filed a complaint with the state’s department of education in which they argued that Endrew had been denied a "free appropriate public education". The school district won the suit, and when his parents filed a lawsuit in federal district court, the judge also sided with the school district. In the Supreme Court case, Endrew and his family asked for clarification about the type of education benefits the federal law requires of schools, specifically, whether it requires ‘merely more than de minimis’, or something greater.

    “The IDEA demands more,” Roberts wrote in the opinion. “It requires an educational program reasonably calculated to enable a child to make progress appropriate in light of the child’s circumstances.” 

    *reimbursement – a sum paid to cover money that has been spent or lost.

    In:<https://www.usnews.com/news/education-news/articles/2017-03-22/supreme-court-expands-rights-for-students-with-disabilities> 30.03.2018


    No primeiro parágrafo, o verbo must é repetidamente utilizado e indica
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 62480db8-b0
  • 326B7B1D-58

    Inglês

    Sinônimos | Synonyms    UNESP · 2018FácilEntre para guardar nos favoritos

                          Imagem da questão de Inglês, da prova de 2018


          In today’s political climate, it sometimes feels like we can’t even agree on basic facts. We bombard each other with statistics and figures, hoping that more data will make a difference. A progressive person might show you the same climate change graphs over and over while a conservative person might point to the trillions of dollars of growing national debt. We’re left wondering, “Why can’t they just see? It’s so obvious!”

          Certain myths are so pervasive that no matter how many experts disprove them, they only seem to grow in popularity. There’s no shortage of serious studies showing no link between autism and vaccines, for example, but these are no match for an emotional appeal to parents worried for their young children.

          Tali Sharot, a cognitive neuroscientist at University College London, studies how our minds work and how we process new information. In her upcoming book, The Influential Mind, she explores why we ignore facts and how we can get people to actually listen to the truth. Tali shows that we’re open to new information – but only if it confirms our existing beliefs. We find ways to ignore facts that challenge our ideals. And as neuroscientist Bahador Bahrami and colleagues have found, we weigh all opinions as equally valid, regardless of expertise.

          So, having the data on your side is not always enough. For better or for worse, Sharot says, emotions may be the key to changing minds.

                                              (Shankar Vedantam. www.npr.org. Adaptado.)

    No trecho do quarto parágrafo “emotions may be the key to changing minds”, o termo sublinhado pode ser substituído, sem alteração de sentido no texto, por:
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 326b7b1d-58
  • 20F70240-FE

    Inglês

    Verbos modais | Modal verbs    Associação Brasileira de Engenharia de Produção · 2017MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritos

    Opportunity Cost


    This phenomenon goes by the name of ‘opportunity cost,’ since by not investing in more equipment and a more rigid production flow, the company is forgoing the opportunity to earn increased profits. These costs are every bite as real as the payment of dollars out-of-pocket.


    This notion _______ opportunity cost can be reinforced _________ a famous saying ______ Benjamin Franklin, no slouch himself _________ operations management. To make the point, however, we must make a brief excursion into logic. One truth of logic is the validity of the so-called contrapositive, which says simply that if the statement “If A, then B” is true, then it is also true that “If not B, then not A.” That is, of every time A occurs B follows, then we can be sure that if B does not occur, then A did not occur as well. Enough logic then, and back to Ben Franklin.


    One of his Poor Richard sayings is that “A penny saved is a penny earned.” We have all recognized the truth of that since childhood, but I assert that by this saying Ben showed us he knows everything about opportunity cost. After all, what is the contrapositive of “A penny not earned is a penny not saved (i.e., a penny sent). All we are saying by this notion of opportunity cost is that “a penny not earned (an opportunity forgone) is a penny spent.” We shall often have occasion to consider opportunity costs, in analyzing and deciding various operations issues.


    SCHMENNER, Roger W. Production/Operations Management. 5th Edition. Prentice-Hall, 1993.

    The word in bold, in ‘We shall often have occasion to consider opportunity costs, in analyzing and deciding various operations issues’, is being used to express:
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 20f70240-fe
  • BE04BDD3-FF

    Inglês

    Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension    UNICENTRO · 2017MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritos
    Can talking on a mobile phone be hazardous to your health? It is difficult to know for sure. Some research suggests that heavy users of mobile phones are at a greater risk of developing cancerous brain tumours. However, many other studies suggest there are no links between cancer and mobile phone use.

    The main problem with the current research is that mobile phones have only been popular since the 1990s. As a result, it is impossible to study long-term exposure to mobile phones. This concerns many health professionals who point out that certain cancers can take over twenty years to develop. Another concern about these studies is that many have been funded by the mobile phone industry or those who benefit from it.

    Over five billion people now use mobile phones on a daily basis, and many talk for more than an hour a day. Mobile phone antennas are similar to microwave ovens. While both rely on electromagnetic radiation (EMR), the radio waves in mobile phones are lower in frequency. Microwave ovens have radio wave frequencies that are high enough to cook food, and they are also known to be dangerous to human tissues like those in the brain. The concern is that the lowerfrequency radio waves that mobile phones rely on may also be dangerous. It seems logical that holding a heat source near your brain for a long period of time is a potential health hazard.

    Some researchers believe that other types of wireless technology may also be dangerous to human health, including cordless phones, wireless gaming consoles, and laptop or tablet computers with wireless connections. They suggest replacing all cordless and wireless devices with wired ones where possible. They also say that many cordless phones can emit dangerous levels of Electromagnetic Radiation even when they are not in use. They even suggest keeping electronic devices such as desktop and tablet computers out of the bedroom, or at least six feet from the head while we're sleeping.

    A growing number of health professionals worldwide are recommending that mobile phone users err on the side of caution until more definitive studies can be conducted. They use the example of tobacco to illustrate the potential risks. Many years ago, people smoked freely and were not concerned about the effects of cigarettes on their health. Today, people know that cigarettes cause lung cancer, though it is still unknown exactly how or why. Some doctors fear that the same thing will happen with mobile phones. In May 2016, the UK's Independent newspaper reported on research by the US government's National Toxicology Program that showed a slight increase in brain tumours among rats exposed to the type of radio frequencies commonly emitted by mobile phones. This doesn't prove that mobile phones can cause brain tumours in humans, but it does show that it's possible. As a result, many experts now recommend texting or using head sets or speaker phones instead of holding a mobile phone to the ear.

    (Source: https://www.englishclub.com/reading/health/cell-phone.htm)

    In the fourth paragraph, the modal verb may expresses:
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão be04bdd3-ff
  • 1584E336-FD

    Inglês

    Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension    UNICENTRO · 2017DifícilEntre para guardar nos favoritos

    Re-Planting a Forest, One Drone at a Time


    That funny little buzz you hear in the forest may not just be the hum of summer insects. In the near future it could be a small fleet of drones, coming to replant and restore forests that have been stripped of trees by industrial-scale deforestation. It’s all part of an ambitious plan by BioCarbon Engineering, a U.K.-based startup on a global mission to battle widespread clear-cutting, which strips more than 26 billion trees off the planet each year. CEO Lauren Fletcher, who spent 20 years as an engineer with NASA, says the only way to fight industrial-scale deforestation is with industrial-scale reforestation. Their idea: plant 1 billion trees a year. The first targets are in South Africa and the Amazonian jungles, both of which have suffered from widespread forest eradication.

    BioCarbon’s reforestation scheme is simple and efficient. Here’s a quick look at how it plans to deploy its drone fleet: 


    1 Do a 3-D aerial survey. First, drones are sent to fly over a potential planting zone, snapping photos that create 3-D maps of the area to be reforested. The number of drones will vary depending up on the size of the seeding.

    2 Create a seeding plan. Once all that terrain data has been analyzed, it then generates a seeding pattern that best suits the terrain.

    3 Load the seed pods. The drones, which are equipped with guidance and control software, carry pressurized canisters of seed pods with germinated seeds immersed in a nutrient-rich gel.

    4 Hover and plant. Flying at a height of 1 or 2 meters, the drones follow the planting patterns, firing the biodegradable seed pods down to the ground. The pods break open upon impact, allowing the germinated seed a chance to take root.

    5 Monitor growth. After planting, the drones do low-level flights to assess the health of the sprouts and saplings.


    Such “precision forestry,” as BioCarbon calls it, is extremely efficient. A farmer might hand plant as many as 3,000 seeds a day; Fletcher says his drones can drop up to 36,000 seed pods daily, often in areas where a human can’t reach. Working with local ecologists, BioCarbon will use the drones to spread a variety of tree species, as well as microorganisms and fungi designed to improve the soil quality. “The central focus is ecosystem restoration,” Fletcher says.

    On a planetary climatological scale, Morton notes that “tropical deforestation plays a big role in global climate cycles,” claiming the accelerated pace of cutting and burning of forests accounted for 20 percent of greenhouse gas emissions in the 1990s. Fletcher and his team want to help reverse that trend. “By planting at the scale we’re looking at,” he says, “we can make a real longterm impact. We hope to do a lot of good in the world.”


    (Adapted from https://www.wired.com/brandlab/2015/07/re-planting-forest-one-drone-time/. Access on 22/8/2017)

    Choose the best answer, according to the text. Refer to the words in bold when necessary:
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 1584e336-fd
  • 5028BA5D-B1

    Inglês

    Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension    FATEC · 2017FácilEntre para guardar nos favoritos
         Eu, Robô (I, Robot) é uma coletânea de contos escritos por Isaac Asimov que procura descrever, sob o ponto de vista do autor, o hipotético aumento da presença e da atuação dos robôs na sociedade.
        Leia o texto, que apresenta uma entrevista com a personagem Susan Calvin, uma “robopsicóloga”, e responda à questão.

    Susan Calvin had been born in the year 1982, they said, which made her seventy five now. Everyone knew that. Appropriately enough, U. S. Robot and Mechanical Men, Inc. was seventy-five also, since it had been in the year of Dr. Calvin’s birth that Lawrence Robertson had first taken out incorporation papers for what eventually became the strangest industrial giant in man’s history. Well, everyone knew that, too. (…)

    She went back to her desk and sat down. She didn’t need expression on her face to look sad, somehow.

    “How old are you?” she wanted to know.

    “Thirty-two,” I said. 

    “Then you don’t remember a world without robots. There was a time when humanity faced the universe alone and without a friend. Now he has creatures to help him; stronger creatures than himself, more faithful, more useful, and absolutely devoted to him. Mankind is no longer alone. Have you ever thought of it that way?”

    “I’m afraid I haven’t. May I quote you?”

    “You may. To you, a robot is a robot. Gears and metal; electricity and positrons. Mind and iron! Human-made! If necessary, human-destroyed! But you haven’t worked with them, so you don’t know them. They’re a cleaner, better breed than we are.”

    (ASIMOV, I. I, Robot. Greenwich, Conn: Fawcett Publications,1950. p. 2-3.)
    O termo may em May I quote you? expressa a ideia de
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 5028ba5d-b1
  • EDE7AF66-AF

    Inglês

    Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension    UNIOESTE · 2017DifícilEntre para guardar nos favoritos
    What Parents Can Do to Nurture Good Writers

    Steve Graham, a professor at Arizona State University’s Teachers College, has been researching how young people learn to write for more than 30 years. He is a co-author of numerous books on writing instruction, including “Powerful Writing Strategies for All Students.”
    How does reading at home help children become better writers?
    is really critical, but it’s not enough. We don’t have much evidence that if you just read more, you’ll be a better writer. But analyzing text does make a difference. So when we read to kids, we can also have conversations with them about the author’s craft. How did this author make this place seem real in terms of description? What words did they use? How did they present this idea or this argument?
    Should a parent correct a child’s writing, or just be encouraging?
    Sometimes when kids come to you to share what they’re writing, they’re not coming for feedback. They are coming for affirmation. It’s really important we emphasize first and foremost what we really like about it. And if you’re going to give feedback, just pick one or two things. English teachers — and parents are guilty of this, too — sometimes overwhelm kids with more feedback than they can absorb all at once. The other thing that’s really important, particularly for parents, is to remember that they don’t own this piece. It’s their child’s.
    What should parents look for to assess the writing instruction at their child’s school?
    After about third grade, very little time is devoted to explicit writing instruction. It’s like we’ve imagined that kids have acquired what they need to know to be good writers by then! In middle and high school, the most common activities are fill-in-the-blanks on worksheets, writing single sentences, making lists or writing a paragraph summary. When you start talking about persuasive essays or an informative paper, those things occur infrequently in English class and even less so in social studies and science. So the first questions are: “Is my kid writing at school, and was he given writing assignments to work on at home? Do those require writing more extended thoughts for the purposes of analysis and interpretation?” That’s what they need to be able to do for college.
    Fonte: adaptado de < https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/02/education/edlife/parents-children-writing.html> 

    Mark the INCORRECT alternative.
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão ede7af66-af
  • C618B955-3B

    Inglês

    Verbos modais | Modal verbs    UNESP · 2017MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritos

                                “One never builds something finished”:

                       the brilliance of architect Paulo Mendes da Rocha

    Oliver Wainwright

    February 4, 2017

       “All space is public,” says Paulo Mendes da Rocha. “The only private space that you can imagine is in the human mind.” It is an optimistic statement from the 88-year-old Brazilian architect, given he is a resident of São Paulo, a city where the triumph of the private realm over the public could not be more stark. The sprawling megalopolis is a place of such marked inequality that its superrich hop between their rooftop helipads because they are too scared of street crime to come down from the clouds.

       But for Mendes da Rocha, who received the 2017 gold medal from the Royal Institute of British Architects this week – an accolade previously bestowed on such luminaries as Le Corbusier and Frank Lloyd Wright – the ground is everything. He has spent his 60-year career lifting his massive concrete buildings up, in gravity-defying balancing acts, or else burying them below ground in an attempt to liberate the Earth’s surface as a continuous democratic public realm. “The city has to be for everybody,” he says, “not just for the very few.”

                                                                                        (www.theguardian.com. Adaptado.)

    No trecho do segundo parágrafo “The city has to be for everybody”, a expressão em destaque pode ser substituída, sem alteração de sentido, por
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão c618b955-3b
  • BB2AC026-F7

    Inglês

    Substantivos contáveis e incontáveis | Countable and uncountable    UEG · 2016MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritos

    Leia o texto a seguir para responder à questão.


    The Internet of Things


       The “Internet of Things” (IoT) is becoming an increasingly growing topic of conversation both in the workplace and outside of it. It’s a concept that not only has the potential to impact how we live but also how we work. But what exactly is the “Internet of Things” and what impact is it going to have on you, if any? There are a lot of complexities around the “Internet of Things” but we want to stick to the basics. Lots of technical and policyrelated conversations are being had but many people are still just trying to grasp the foundation of what the heck these conversations are about.

      Let’s start with understanding a few things. 

      Broadband Internet is becoming more widely available, the cost of connecting is decreasing, more devices are being created with Wi-Fi capabilities and sensors built into them, technology costs are going down, and smartphone penetration is sky-rocketing. All of these things are creating a “perfect storm” for the IoT.

      So What Is The Internet of Things?  

    Simply put, this is the concept of basically connecting any device with an on and off switch to the Internet (and/or to each other). This includes everything from cellphones, coffee makers, washing machines, headphones, lamps, wearable devices and almost anything else you can think of.

      So what now?

      The new rule for the future is going to be, “Anything that can be connected, will be connected.”







    Analisando-se os aspectos estruturais do texto, verifica-se que
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão bb2ac026-f7
  • 912E8FCD-FF

    Inglês

    Adjetivos | Adjectives    UNICENTRO · 2016MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritos

    Imagem da questão de Inglês, da prova de 2016

    THE HONEYBEE has... Disponível em: <www.bbc.co.uk/news/scienceenvironment-34749846>. Acesso em: 21 set. 2016.

    Considerando o uso gramatical da língua no texto, é correto afirmar:
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 912e8fcd-ff
  • 3068A38A-D5

    Inglês

    Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension    Centro de Estudos Superiores de Maceió - Centro Universitário · 2016MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritos
    Read the text below and answer the following question based on it.

    Global sleeping patterns revealed by app data.
    It showed the Dutch have nearly an hour more in bed every night than people in Singapore or Japan.
    The study, published in Science Advances, also found women routinely get more sleep than men, with middle-aged men getting the least of all.
    The researchers say the findings could be used to deal with the "global sleep crisis".
    The study found people in Japan and Singapore had an average of seven hours and 24 minutes sleep while the people in the Netherlands had eight hours and 12 minutes.
    People in the UK averaged just under eight hours - a smidgen less than the French.
    The later a country stays up into the night, the less sleep it gets. But what time a country wakes up seems to have little effect on sleep duration.
    Prof Daniel Forger, one of the researchers, said there was a conflict between our desire to stay up late and our bodies urging us to get up in the morning.
    The study also showed women had about 30 minutes more per night in bed than men, particularly between the ages of 30 and 60.
    And that people who spend the most time in natural sunlight tended to go to bed earlier. A strong effect of age on sleep was also detected. A wide range of sleep and wake-up times was found in young people but "that really narrows in old age," said Prof Forger.
    "It highlights that although our body clocks are programming us to do certain things, we can't as we're ruled by social circumstances.
    "We won't know the long-term consequences of this for many years."

    Adaptado de:<http://www.bbc.com/news/health-36226874> Acessado em 7 de maio de 2016.
    In the sentence: “The researchers say the findings could be used to deal with the "global sleep crisis". the modal verb could expresses:
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 3068a38a-d5
  • 9DF5BC49-B5

    Inglês

    Advérbios e conjunções | Adverbs and conjunctions    Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Sudeste de Minas Gerais · 2016DifícilEntre para guardar nos favoritos
    Read the following excerpt from a newspaper, ignoring the gaps numbered (1-5). After that, choose the CORRECT alternative.

    Published in 1981, Todd Strasser’s The Wave recounts a true incident that took place in a history class at a Palo Alto, California, high school in 1969. The teacher of the class, Ron Jones, (1)__________ is fictionally renamed Ben Ross in the book, actually formulated the experiment described in the narrative in an effort to help his students understand how the Holocaust could have happened without the mass condemnation of the German people. What begins as a simple class project quickly takes on a life of its own, (2) __________, as students conform mindlessly to the experimental system, and others are pressured ruthlessly to join in.
    Group dynamics and peer influence bordering on coercion create a sinister atmosphere of fear and mistrust, The Wave spontaneously takes on the characteristics of a cult. The event disrupts an entire school (3) __________ raises a plethora of dark questions concerning responsibility, freedom, and group dynamics. Ron Jones calls it “one of the most frightening events ever experienced in the classroom.” As a novelization of a teleplay by Johnny Dawkins, based on a short story by Ron Jones, Strasser’s book (4) __________ not have attracted an abundance of criticism as a literary entity in itself, (5) __________ The Wave clearly holds an important place in the canon of young adult literature. (…)
    Available at: <http://www.enotes.com/topics/the-wave/critical-essays>. Accessed on: 20 set. 2016

    Choose the CORRECT alternative..

    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 9df5bc49-b5
  • A63C24BA-B2

    Inglês

    Verbos modais | Modal verbs    Universidade de Pernambuco · 2016MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritos

    Leia os textos 6, 7 e 8 e complete as lacunas com verbos auxiliares modais. Atenção para o contexto e o uso da língua, conforme a gramática.

    Imagem da questão de Inglês, da prova de 2016

    A sequência CORRETA que completa as lacunas dos textos 6, 7 e 8 está indicada na alternativa
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão a63c24ba-b2
  • 6FF90774-06

    Inglês

    Sinônimos | Synonyms    UNIFESP · 2015DifícilEntre para guardar nos favoritos

    Leia o texto para responder à questão.

     

    Nobel winner Malala opens school for Syrian refugees

     

    Sylvia Westall

    July 13, 2015

    Bekaa Valley, Lebanon


    Imagem da questão de Inglês, da prova de 2015 

     

      Malala Yousafzai, the youngest winner of the Nobel Peace Prize, celebrated her 18th birthday in Lebanon on Sunday by opening a school for Syrian refugee girls and called on world leaders to invest in “books not bullets”. Malala became a symbol of defiance after she was shot on a school bus in Pakistan in 2012 by the Taliban for advocating girls’ rights to education. She continued campaigning and won the Nobel in 2014.

       “I decided to be in Lebanon because I believe that the voices of the Syrian refugees need to be heard and they have been ignored for so long,” Malala told Reuters in a schoolroom decorated with drawings of butterflies. The Malala Fund, a non-profit organization that supports local education projects, provided most of the funding for the school, set up by Lebanon’s Kayany Foundation in the Bekaa Valley, close to the Syrian border. The Kayany Foundation, established by Syrian Nora Joumblatt in response to Syria’s refugee crisis, has already completed three other new schools to give free education to Syrian children in Lebanon. The Malala school can welcome up to 200 girls aged 14 to 18.

       “Today on my first day as an adult, on behalf of the world’s children, I demand of leaders we must invest in books instead of bullets,” Malala said in a speech. Lebanon is home to at least 1.2 million of the 4 million refugees that have fled Syria’s war to neighboring countries. There are about 500,000 Syrian school-age children in Lebanon, but only a fifth are in formal education. “We are in danger of losing generations of young Syrian girls due to the lack of education,” Joumblatt said in a speech at the opening of the school. “Desperate and displaced Syrians are increasingly seeing early marriage as a way to secure the social and financial future of their daughters. We need to provide an alternative: Keep young girls in school instead of being pressured into wedlock.”

        Lebanon, which allows informal settlements on land rented by refugees, says it can no longer cope with the influx from Syria’s four-year conflict. More than one in four people living in Lebanon is a refugee. The United Nations says the number of Syrian refugees in neighboring countries is expected to reach 4.27 million by the end of the year. “In Lebanon as well as in Jordan, an increasing number of refugees are being turned back at the border,” Malala said. “This is inhuman and this is shameful.”

        Her father Ziauddin said he was proud she was carrying on her activism into adulthood. “This is the mission we have taken for the last 8-9 years. A small moment for the education of girls in Swat Valley: it is spreading now all over the world,” he said.

     

    (www.reuters.com. Adaptado.)

    Analise o trecho do terceiro parágrafo “I demand of leaders we must invest in books instead of bullets”, para responder à questão.


    O termo “must” pode ser substituído, sem alteração de sentido, por

    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 6ff90774-06
  • 212C96C6-F7

    Inglês

    Presente perfeito progressivo | Present perfect continuous    UEG · 2015MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritos

    Leia o texto a seguir para responder à questão.

     

    Migrant or Refugee? There Is a Difference, With Legal Implications

     

    In the first half of this year alone, at least 137,000 men, women and children crossed the Mediterranean Sea to reach the shores of Europe, according to the United Nations. Thousands are traveling across the Balkans now. However, are they refugee or migrants? Does it make any difference? In search for these answers, let’s read the interview.

     

    Q. Does it matter what you call them?

    A. Yes. The terms “migrant” and “refugee” are sometimes used interchangeably, but there is a crucial legal difference between the two.

     

    Q. Who is a refugee?

    A. Briefly, a refugee is a person who has fled his or her country to escape war or persecution, and can prove it.

     

    Q. What does the distinction mean for European countries?

    A. Refugees are entitled to basic protections under the 1951 convention and other international agreements. Once in Europe, refugees can apply for political asylum or another protected status, sometimes temporary. By law, refugees cannot be sent back to countries where their lives would be in danger. “One of the most fundamental principles laid down in international law is that refugees should not be expelled or returned to situations where their life and freedom would be under threat,” the refugee agency said in a statement on Thursday.

     

    Q. Who is a migrant?

    A. Anyone moving from one country to another is considered a migrant unless he or she is specifically fleeing war or persecution. Migrants may be fleeing dire poverty, or may be well-off and merely seeking better opportunities, or may be migrating to join relatives who have gone before them. There is an emerging debate about whether migrants fleeing their homes because of the effects of climate change – the desertification of the Sahel region, for example, or the sinking of coastal islands in Bangladesh – ought to be reclassified as refugees.

     

    Q. Are migrants treated differently from refugees?

    A. Countries are free to deport migrants who arrive without legal papers, which they cannot do with refugees under the 1951 convention. So it is not surprising that many politicians in Europe prefer to refer to everyone fleeing to the continent as migrants.

     

    Disponível em: <https://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/28/world/migrants-refugees-europe-syria.html?_r=0>.  Acesso em: 15 set. 2015.


    Considerando os aspectos estruturais do texto, tem-se o seguinte:
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  • 7C5DB41D-F6

    Inglês

    Verbos modais | Modal verbs    Universidade Nove de Julho – UNINOVE · 2015FácilEntre para guardar nos favoritos
    Leia o texto para responder à questão.

    Imagem da questão de Inglês, da prova de 2015

        You need only go back 70 years to a time when a scratch and a common infection could prove deadly. Routine surgery and childbirth could be a hazardous business. Penicillin had been discovered in 1928 by Sir Alexander Fleming, but human trials did not begin for over a decade. The first patient was an Oxford policeman, Albert Alexander, who had scratched his face on a rose bush and the wound became seriously infected (another historical version has him injured in a bombing raid). He was treated with penicillin and his condition rapidly improved, but supplies ran out before he could be cured and he died. By the end of the war penicillin was being widely produced, and other drugs quickly followed - marking the start of the antibiotic era.

        So most of us have grown up with these miracle drugs readily available. It’s understandable that patients and some doctors simply can’t comprehend the concept of a pre-antibiotic world. But that is what’s at stake unless the threat is taken seriously.

    • Rise of superbugs

        Much of modern medicine is now underpinned by antibiotics. Surgery is more invasive than ever: from hip replacements to cancer treatment and transplants - antibiotics are essential to prevent and treat infection. There have been repeated calls on doctors to curb the overuse of antibiotics going back many years.

        Whilst it is important that the NHS (National Health System in England) exercises better stewardship of antibiotics, it is worth remembering that this is a global problem that requires global solutions. Superbug infections respect no borders and have spread from continent to continent with ease. This is a serious concern because many developing countries have far poorer controls on antibiotic use.

    • Misuse

        Last year the World Health Organization found that some antibiotics could be bought legally over the counter in 19 out of 43 European countries surveyed. Then there is the widespread misuse of antibiotics in agriculture, in farmed animals and fish. More antibiotics are used in livestock production than for human health and there is widespread concern about the use of long-term, low-dose antibiotics in animal feed in countries like the US, China and India.

        Part of the problem is due to simple evolutionary pressure: bacteria are constantly evolving, and resistant strains emerging. This means there is a constant battle to stay ahead of the germs. But developing new antibiotics has proved hugely difficult - it’s nearly 30 years since the last new class of antibiotics came on the market.
    No trecho do primeiro parágrafo “Routine surgery and childbirth could be a hazardous business”, o termo em destaque pode ser substituído, sem alteração de sentido, por
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  • 1D111E51-E0

    Inglês

    Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension    Centro universitário FAG · 2015DifícilEntre para guardar nos favoritos
    Text 1


    Of prime importance in reading is vocabulary skill. The reader must know the meanings of enough of the words in a sentence for it to make sense and also know how to combine individual word meanings within a sentence. Once the student is past the initial stages of reading, he spends a large percentage of his time encountering new vocabulary, which can be approached in a number of ways. The teacher can give the meaning for each new word, as is common in teaching reading to non-native students.
    Or, also common, the student may spend hours with a dictionary writing native-language glosses into his text. For the native speaker of English, the most common form of vocabulary building is guessing from context and/or word formations.
    In many settings in which English is taught as a foreign language (EFL) there are high degrees of emphasis on rote memorization. Because vocabulary development skills are seldom specifically taught, the student is not aware of the skills or their benefits. Most students have been trained to panic. Their first
    reaction on encountering a new word in a text is to stop and ask for a definition, even if the rest of the sentence defines it. The student of English as a foreign language cannot begin to read with full comprehension until he has been taught to conquer the unknown word by using contextual aids, that is, the formation of the word itself and the environment in which it is found.
    (Adapted from Vocabulary in Context, by Anna Fisher Kruse, in Long, Michael H. and Richards, Jack (eds.), Methodology in TESOL – A Book of Readings. New York: Newbury House, 1987)
    In the fragment from the text – The reader must know the meanings of enough of the words… – the modal verb must could be correctly replaced, keeping the same meaning, by:
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  • 918CD9A3-B1

    Inglês

    Verbos modais | Modal verbs    FATEC · 2015MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritos

    Learn ‘n’ go

    How quickly can people learn new skills?

    Jan 25th 2014 – from the print edition


          In 2012, Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee took a ride in one of Google’s driverless cars. The car’s performance, they report, was flawless, boring and, above all, “weird”. Only a few years earlier, “We were sure that computers would not be able to drive cars.” Only humans, they thought, could make sense of the countless, shifting patterns of driving a car – with oncoming1 traffic, changing lights and wayward2 jaywalkers3 .

          Machines have mastered driving. And not just driving. In ways that are only now becoming apparent, the authors argue, machines can forecast home prices, design beer bottles, teach at universities, grade exams and do countless other things better and more cheaply than humans. (…)

          This will have one principal good consequence, and one bad. The good is bounty4 . Households will spend less on groceries, utilities and clothing; the deaf will be able to hear, the blind to see. The bad is spread5 . The gap is growing between the lucky few whose abilities and skills are enhanced6 by technology, and the far more numerous middle-skilled people competing for the remaining7 jobs that machines cannot do, such as folding towels and waiting at tables. (…) People should develop skills that complement, rather than compete with computers, such as idea generation and complex communication. (…)

    <http://tinyurl.com/m2zmazg>Acesso em: 27.07.2015. Adaptado.

    Glossário

    1oncoming: iminente; próximo.

    2wayward: desobediente; instável.

    3jaywalker: pedestre imprudente.

    4bounty: recompensa.

    5spread: propagação; extensão.

    6enhanced: aprimorado(a).

    7remaining: remanescente.

    O modal verb should em “People should develop skills that complement” (terceiro parágrafo) expressa a ideia de
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