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15.661 questões encontradas. Mostrando a página 183 de 784.

  • 7E740AA6-92

    Inglês

    Análise sintática | Syntax Parsing
    UECE · 2020FácilEntre para guardar nos favoritos
    Americans May Add Five Times More Plastic to the Oceans Than Thought

    The United States is using more
    plastic than ever, and waste exported for
    recycling is often mishandled, according
    to a new study.
    The United States contribution
    to coastal plastic pollution worldwide is
    significantly larger than previously
    thought, possibly by as much as five
    times, according to a study published
    Friday. The research, published in Science
    Advances, is the sequel to a 2015 paper
    by the same authors. Two factors
    contributed to the sharp increase:
    Americans are using more plastic than
    ever and the current study included
    pollution generated by United States
    exports of plastic waste, while the earlier
    one did not.
    The United States, which does
    not have sufficient infrastructure to
    handle its recycling demands at home,
    exports about half of its recyclable waste.
    Of the total exported, about 88 percent
    ends up in countries considered to have
    inadequate waste management.
    “When you consider how much
    of our plastic waste isn’t actually
    recyclable because it is low-value,
    contaminated or difficult to process, it’s
    not surprising that a lot of it ends up
    polluting the environment,” said the
    study’s lead author, Kara Lavender Law,
    research professor of oceanography at
    Sea Education Association, in a
    statement.
    The study estimates that in
    2016, the United States contributed
    between 1.1 and 2.2 million metric tons of
    plastic waste to the oceans through a
    combination of littering, dumping and 
    mismanaged exports. At a minimum,
    that’s almost double the total estimated
    waste in the team’s previous study. At the
    high end, it would be a fivefold increase
    over the earlier estimate.
    Nicholas Mallos, a senior
    director at the Ocean Conservancy and an
    author of the study, said the upper
    estimate would be equal to a pile of
    plastic covering the area of the White
    House Lawn and reaching as high as the
    Empire State Building.
    The ranges are wide partly
    because “there’s no real standard for
    being able to provide good quality data on
    collection and disposal of waste in
    general,” said Ted Siegler, a resource
    economist at DSM Environmental
    Solutions, a consulting firm, and an
    author of the study. Mr. Siegler said the
    researchers had evaluated waste-disposal
    practices in countries around the world
    and used their “best professional
    judgment” to determine the lowest and
    highest amounts of plastic waste likely to
    escape into the environment. They settled
    on a range of 25 percent to 75 percent.
    Tony Walker, an associate
    professor at the Dalhousie University
    School for Resource and Environmental
    Studies in Halifax, Nova Scotia, said that
    analyzing waste data can amount to a
    “data minefield” because there are no
    data standards across municipalities.
    Moreover, once plastic waste is shipped
    overseas, he said, data is often not
    recorded at all.
    Nonetheless, Dr. Walker, who
    was not involved in the study, said it
    could offer a more accurate accounting of
    plastic pollution than the previous study,
    which likely underestimated the United
    States’ contribution. “They’ve put their
    best estimate, as accurate as they can be
    with this data,” he said, and used ranges,
    which underscores that the figures are
    estimates.
    Of the plastics that go into the
    United States recycling system, about 9
    percent of the country’s total plastic
    waste, there is no guarantee that they’ll
    be remade into new consumer goods. New
    plastic is so inexpensive to manufacture
    that only certain expensive, high-grade
    plastics are profitable to recycle within the
    United States, which is why roughly half
    of the country’s plastic waste was shipped
    abroad in 2016, the most recent year for
    which data is available.
    Since 2016, however, the
    recycling landscape has changed. China
    and many countries in Southeast Asia
    have stopped accepting plastic waste
    imports. And lower oil prices have further
    reduced the market for recycled plastic.
    “What the new study really underscores is
    we have to get a handle on source
    reduction at home,” Mr. Mallos said. “That
    starts with eliminating unnecessary and
    problematic single-use plastics.”

    From: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/30/
    “They settled on a range of 25 percent to 75 percent” (lines 66-67) is a/an
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 7e740aa6-92
  • 7E669148-92

    Inglês

    Presente perfeito | Present perfect
    UECE · 2020FácilEntre para guardar nos favoritos
    Americans May Add Five Times More Plastic to the Oceans Than Thought

    The United States is using more
    plastic than ever, and waste exported for
    recycling is often mishandled, according
    to a new study.
    The United States contribution
    to coastal plastic pollution worldwide is
    significantly larger than previously
    thought, possibly by as much as five
    times, according to a study published
    Friday. The research, published in Science
    Advances, is the sequel to a 2015 paper
    by the same authors. Two factors
    contributed to the sharp increase:
    Americans are using more plastic than
    ever and the current study included
    pollution generated by United States
    exports of plastic waste, while the earlier
    one did not.
    The United States, which does
    not have sufficient infrastructure to
    handle its recycling demands at home,
    exports about half of its recyclable waste.
    Of the total exported, about 88 percent
    ends up in countries considered to have
    inadequate waste management.
    “When you consider how much
    of our plastic waste isn’t actually
    recyclable because it is low-value,
    contaminated or difficult to process, it’s
    not surprising that a lot of it ends up
    polluting the environment,” said the
    study’s lead author, Kara Lavender Law,
    research professor of oceanography at
    Sea Education Association, in a
    statement.
    The study estimates that in
    2016, the United States contributed
    between 1.1 and 2.2 million metric tons of
    plastic waste to the oceans through a
    combination of littering, dumping and 
    mismanaged exports. At a minimum,
    that’s almost double the total estimated
    waste in the team’s previous study. At the
    high end, it would be a fivefold increase
    over the earlier estimate.
    Nicholas Mallos, a senior
    director at the Ocean Conservancy and an
    author of the study, said the upper
    estimate would be equal to a pile of
    plastic covering the area of the White
    House Lawn and reaching as high as the
    Empire State Building.
    The ranges are wide partly
    because “there’s no real standard for
    being able to provide good quality data on
    collection and disposal of waste in
    general,” said Ted Siegler, a resource
    economist at DSM Environmental
    Solutions, a consulting firm, and an
    author of the study. Mr. Siegler said the
    researchers had evaluated waste-disposal
    practices in countries around the world
    and used their “best professional
    judgment” to determine the lowest and
    highest amounts of plastic waste likely to
    escape into the environment. They settled
    on a range of 25 percent to 75 percent.
    Tony Walker, an associate
    professor at the Dalhousie University
    School for Resource and Environmental
    Studies in Halifax, Nova Scotia, said that
    analyzing waste data can amount to a
    “data minefield” because there are no
    data standards across municipalities.
    Moreover, once plastic waste is shipped
    overseas, he said, data is often not
    recorded at all.
    Nonetheless, Dr. Walker, who
    was not involved in the study, said it
    could offer a more accurate accounting of
    plastic pollution than the previous study,
    which likely underestimated the United
    States’ contribution. “They’ve put their
    best estimate, as accurate as they can be
    with this data,” he said, and used ranges,
    which underscores that the figures are
    estimates.
    Of the plastics that go into the
    United States recycling system, about 9
    percent of the country’s total plastic
    waste, there is no guarantee that they’ll
    be remade into new consumer goods. New
    plastic is so inexpensive to manufacture
    that only certain expensive, high-grade
    plastics are profitable to recycle within the
    United States, which is why roughly half
    of the country’s plastic waste was shipped
    abroad in 2016, the most recent year for
    which data is available.
    Since 2016, however, the
    recycling landscape has changed. China
    and many countries in Southeast Asia
    have stopped accepting plastic waste
    imports. And lower oil prices have further
    reduced the market for recycled plastic.
    “What the new study really underscores is
    we have to get a handle on source
    reduction at home,” Mr. Mallos said. “That
    starts with eliminating unnecessary and
    problematic single-use plastics.”

    From: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/30/
    In the sentence “They've put their best estimate, as accurate as they could be with this data, he said, and used ranges, which underscores that...” (lines 83-86), the underlined verbs are, respectively,
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 7e669148-92
  • 7E57CF21-92

    Inglês

    Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension
    UECE · 2020FácilEntre para guardar nos favoritos
    Americans May Add Five Times More Plastic to the Oceans Than Thought

    The United States is using more
    plastic than ever, and waste exported for
    recycling is often mishandled, according
    to a new study.
    The United States contribution
    to coastal plastic pollution worldwide is
    significantly larger than previously
    thought, possibly by as much as five
    times, according to a study published
    Friday. The research, published in Science
    Advances, is the sequel to a 2015 paper
    by the same authors. Two factors
    contributed to the sharp increase:
    Americans are using more plastic than
    ever and the current study included
    pollution generated by United States
    exports of plastic waste, while the earlier
    one did not.
    The United States, which does
    not have sufficient infrastructure to
    handle its recycling demands at home,
    exports about half of its recyclable waste.
    Of the total exported, about 88 percent
    ends up in countries considered to have
    inadequate waste management.
    “When you consider how much
    of our plastic waste isn’t actually
    recyclable because it is low-value,
    contaminated or difficult to process, it’s
    not surprising that a lot of it ends up
    polluting the environment,” said the
    study’s lead author, Kara Lavender Law,
    research professor of oceanography at
    Sea Education Association, in a
    statement.
    The study estimates that in
    2016, the United States contributed
    between 1.1 and 2.2 million metric tons of
    plastic waste to the oceans through a
    combination of littering, dumping and 
    mismanaged exports. At a minimum,
    that’s almost double the total estimated
    waste in the team’s previous study. At the
    high end, it would be a fivefold increase
    over the earlier estimate.
    Nicholas Mallos, a senior
    director at the Ocean Conservancy and an
    author of the study, said the upper
    estimate would be equal to a pile of
    plastic covering the area of the White
    House Lawn and reaching as high as the
    Empire State Building.
    The ranges are wide partly
    because “there’s no real standard for
    being able to provide good quality data on
    collection and disposal of waste in
    general,” said Ted Siegler, a resource
    economist at DSM Environmental
    Solutions, a consulting firm, and an
    author of the study. Mr. Siegler said the
    researchers had evaluated waste-disposal
    practices in countries around the world
    and used their “best professional
    judgment” to determine the lowest and
    highest amounts of plastic waste likely to
    escape into the environment. They settled
    on a range of 25 percent to 75 percent.
    Tony Walker, an associate
    professor at the Dalhousie University
    School for Resource and Environmental
    Studies in Halifax, Nova Scotia, said that
    analyzing waste data can amount to a
    “data minefield” because there are no
    data standards across municipalities.
    Moreover, once plastic waste is shipped
    overseas, he said, data is often not
    recorded at all.
    Nonetheless, Dr. Walker, who
    was not involved in the study, said it
    could offer a more accurate accounting of
    plastic pollution than the previous study,
    which likely underestimated the United
    States’ contribution. “They’ve put their
    best estimate, as accurate as they can be
    with this data,” he said, and used ranges,
    which underscores that the figures are
    estimates.
    Of the plastics that go into the
    United States recycling system, about 9
    percent of the country’s total plastic
    waste, there is no guarantee that they’ll
    be remade into new consumer goods. New
    plastic is so inexpensive to manufacture
    that only certain expensive, high-grade
    plastics are profitable to recycle within the
    United States, which is why roughly half
    of the country’s plastic waste was shipped
    abroad in 2016, the most recent year for
    which data is available.
    Since 2016, however, the
    recycling landscape has changed. China
    and many countries in Southeast Asia
    have stopped accepting plastic waste
    imports. And lower oil prices have further
    reduced the market for recycled plastic.
    “What the new study really underscores is
    we have to get a handle on source
    reduction at home,” Mr. Mallos said. “That
    starts with eliminating unnecessary and
    problematic single-use plastics.”

    From: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/30/
    A high percentage of the USA's exported recyclable waste goes to countries that
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 7e57cf21-92
  • 7E55A361-92

    Inglês

    Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension
    UECE · 2020FácilEntre para guardar nos favoritos
    Americans May Add Five Times More Plastic to the Oceans Than Thought

    The United States is using more
    plastic than ever, and waste exported for
    recycling is often mishandled, according
    to a new study.
    The United States contribution
    to coastal plastic pollution worldwide is
    significantly larger than previously
    thought, possibly by as much as five
    times, according to a study published
    Friday. The research, published in Science
    Advances, is the sequel to a 2015 paper
    by the same authors. Two factors
    contributed to the sharp increase:
    Americans are using more plastic than
    ever and the current study included
    pollution generated by United States
    exports of plastic waste, while the earlier
    one did not.
    The United States, which does
    not have sufficient infrastructure to
    handle its recycling demands at home,
    exports about half of its recyclable waste.
    Of the total exported, about 88 percent
    ends up in countries considered to have
    inadequate waste management.
    “When you consider how much
    of our plastic waste isn’t actually
    recyclable because it is low-value,
    contaminated or difficult to process, it’s
    not surprising that a lot of it ends up
    polluting the environment,” said the
    study’s lead author, Kara Lavender Law,
    research professor of oceanography at
    Sea Education Association, in a
    statement.
    The study estimates that in
    2016, the United States contributed
    between 1.1 and 2.2 million metric tons of
    plastic waste to the oceans through a
    combination of littering, dumping and 
    mismanaged exports. At a minimum,
    that’s almost double the total estimated
    waste in the team’s previous study. At the
    high end, it would be a fivefold increase
    over the earlier estimate.
    Nicholas Mallos, a senior
    director at the Ocean Conservancy and an
    author of the study, said the upper
    estimate would be equal to a pile of
    plastic covering the area of the White
    House Lawn and reaching as high as the
    Empire State Building.
    The ranges are wide partly
    because “there’s no real standard for
    being able to provide good quality data on
    collection and disposal of waste in
    general,” said Ted Siegler, a resource
    economist at DSM Environmental
    Solutions, a consulting firm, and an
    author of the study. Mr. Siegler said the
    researchers had evaluated waste-disposal
    practices in countries around the world
    and used their “best professional
    judgment” to determine the lowest and
    highest amounts of plastic waste likely to
    escape into the environment. They settled
    on a range of 25 percent to 75 percent.
    Tony Walker, an associate
    professor at the Dalhousie University
    School for Resource and Environmental
    Studies in Halifax, Nova Scotia, said that
    analyzing waste data can amount to a
    “data minefield” because there are no
    data standards across municipalities.
    Moreover, once plastic waste is shipped
    overseas, he said, data is often not
    recorded at all.
    Nonetheless, Dr. Walker, who
    was not involved in the study, said it
    could offer a more accurate accounting of
    plastic pollution than the previous study,
    which likely underestimated the United
    States’ contribution. “They’ve put their
    best estimate, as accurate as they can be
    with this data,” he said, and used ranges,
    which underscores that the figures are
    estimates.
    Of the plastics that go into the
    United States recycling system, about 9
    percent of the country’s total plastic
    waste, there is no guarantee that they’ll
    be remade into new consumer goods. New
    plastic is so inexpensive to manufacture
    that only certain expensive, high-grade
    plastics are profitable to recycle within the
    United States, which is why roughly half
    of the country’s plastic waste was shipped
    abroad in 2016, the most recent year for
    which data is available.
    Since 2016, however, the
    recycling landscape has changed. China
    and many countries in Southeast Asia
    have stopped accepting plastic waste
    imports. And lower oil prices have further
    reduced the market for recycled plastic.
    “What the new study really underscores is
    we have to get a handle on source
    reduction at home,” Mr. Mallos said. “That
    starts with eliminating unnecessary and
    problematic single-use plastics.”

    From: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/30/
    The article mentions that half of the American recyclable waste is
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 7e55a361-92
  • 7E4D60D4-92

    Inglês

    Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension
    UECE · 2020FácilEntre para guardar nos favoritos
    Americans May Add Five Times More Plastic to the Oceans Than Thought

    The United States is using more
    plastic than ever, and waste exported for
    recycling is often mishandled, according
    to a new study.
    The United States contribution
    to coastal plastic pollution worldwide is
    significantly larger than previously
    thought, possibly by as much as five
    times, according to a study published
    Friday. The research, published in Science
    Advances, is the sequel to a 2015 paper
    by the same authors. Two factors
    contributed to the sharp increase:
    Americans are using more plastic than
    ever and the current study included
    pollution generated by United States
    exports of plastic waste, while the earlier
    one did not.
    The United States, which does
    not have sufficient infrastructure to
    handle its recycling demands at home,
    exports about half of its recyclable waste.
    Of the total exported, about 88 percent
    ends up in countries considered to have
    inadequate waste management.
    “When you consider how much
    of our plastic waste isn’t actually
    recyclable because it is low-value,
    contaminated or difficult to process, it’s
    not surprising that a lot of it ends up
    polluting the environment,” said the
    study’s lead author, Kara Lavender Law,
    research professor of oceanography at
    Sea Education Association, in a
    statement.
    The study estimates that in
    2016, the United States contributed
    between 1.1 and 2.2 million metric tons of
    plastic waste to the oceans through a
    combination of littering, dumping and 
    mismanaged exports. At a minimum,
    that’s almost double the total estimated
    waste in the team’s previous study. At the
    high end, it would be a fivefold increase
    over the earlier estimate.
    Nicholas Mallos, a senior
    director at the Ocean Conservancy and an
    author of the study, said the upper
    estimate would be equal to a pile of
    plastic covering the area of the White
    House Lawn and reaching as high as the
    Empire State Building.
    The ranges are wide partly
    because “there’s no real standard for
    being able to provide good quality data on
    collection and disposal of waste in
    general,” said Ted Siegler, a resource
    economist at DSM Environmental
    Solutions, a consulting firm, and an
    author of the study. Mr. Siegler said the
    researchers had evaluated waste-disposal
    practices in countries around the world
    and used their “best professional
    judgment” to determine the lowest and
    highest amounts of plastic waste likely to
    escape into the environment. They settled
    on a range of 25 percent to 75 percent.
    Tony Walker, an associate
    professor at the Dalhousie University
    School for Resource and Environmental
    Studies in Halifax, Nova Scotia, said that
    analyzing waste data can amount to a
    “data minefield” because there are no
    data standards across municipalities.
    Moreover, once plastic waste is shipped
    overseas, he said, data is often not
    recorded at all.
    Nonetheless, Dr. Walker, who
    was not involved in the study, said it
    could offer a more accurate accounting of
    plastic pollution than the previous study,
    which likely underestimated the United
    States’ contribution. “They’ve put their
    best estimate, as accurate as they can be
    with this data,” he said, and used ranges,
    which underscores that the figures are
    estimates.
    Of the plastics that go into the
    United States recycling system, about 9
    percent of the country’s total plastic
    waste, there is no guarantee that they’ll
    be remade into new consumer goods. New
    plastic is so inexpensive to manufacture
    that only certain expensive, high-grade
    plastics are profitable to recycle within the
    United States, which is why roughly half
    of the country’s plastic waste was shipped
    abroad in 2016, the most recent year for
    which data is available.
    Since 2016, however, the
    recycling landscape has changed. China
    and many countries in Southeast Asia
    have stopped accepting plastic waste
    imports. And lower oil prices have further
    reduced the market for recycled plastic.
    “What the new study really underscores is
    we have to get a handle on source
    reduction at home,” Mr. Mallos said. “That
    starts with eliminating unnecessary and
    problematic single-use plastics.”

    From: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/30/
    As to the use of plastic by Americans, the text mentions that it
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 7e4d60d4-92
  • 8C2514C8-05

    Física

    Física Moderna
    FGV · 2020FácilEntre para guardar nos favoritos
    A figura mostra o diagrama de níveis de energia, em elétrons-volt, para o átomo de hidrogênio, segundo o modelo proposto por Bohr. Nela está representada uma transição do elétron do nível n = 4 para o nível n = 2.

    Imagem da questão de Física, FGV 2020, Física Moderna
    (http://astro.if.ufrgs.br. Adaptado.)

    A quantidade de energia associada ao fóton emitido pelo átomo de hidrogênio na transição mostrada na figura é
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 8c2514c8-05
  • 8C07C7CA-05

    Física

    Física Térmica - Termologia
    FGV · 2020FácilEntre para guardar nos favoritos
    Um recipiente graduado de vidro, de volume interno igual a 800 cm3 , contém certa quantidade de glicerina, ambos a 20 ºC, temperatura para a qual o recipiente foi calibrado. Aquecendo-se o conjunto, nota-se que a indicação do volume de glicerina no interior do recipiente não se altera enquanto a substância estiver no estado líquido. Sendo os coeficientes de dilatação volumétrica do vidro e da glicerina, respectivamente, iguais a 3,0 × 10–5 ºC–1 e 5,0 × 10–4 ºC–1 , a quantidade de glicerina no recipiente, a temperatura de 20 ºC, é igual a
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 8c07c7ca-05
  • 6634348B-05

    Português

    Interpretação de Textos
    FGV · 2020FácilEntre para guardar nos favoritos

    Imagem da questão de Português, FGV 2020, Interpretação de Textos
    (www.fotografia.folha.uol.com.br)

    O efeito de humor da charge decorre
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 6634348b-05
  • 66314CEE-05

    Português

    Morfologia - Pronomes
    FGV · 2020FácilEntre para guardar nos favoritos
    Leia a fábula "O gato e a barata", de Millôr Fernandes, para responder à questão.

         A baratinha velha subiu pelo pé do copo que, ainda com um pouco de vinho, tinha sido largado a um canto da cozinha, desceu pela parte de dentro e começou a lambiscar o vinho. Dada a pequena distância que nas baratas vai da boca ao cérebro, o álcool lhe subiu logo a este. Bêbada, a baratinha caiu dentro do copo. Debateu-se, bebeu mais vinho, ficou mais tonta, debateu-se mais, bebeu mais, tonteou mais e já quase morria quando deparou com o carão do gato doméstico que sorria de sua aflição, do alto do copo.
         – Gatinho, meu gatinho –, pediu ela – me salva, me salva. Me salva que assim que eu sair daqui eu deixo você me engolir inteirinha, como você gosta. Me salva.
         – Você deixa mesmo eu engolir você? – disse o gato.
         – Me saaaalva! – implorou a baratinha. – Eu prometo. 
        O gato então virou o copo com uma pata, o líquido escorreu e com ele a baratinha que, assim que se viu no chão, saiu correndo para o buraco mais perto, onde caiu na gargalhada. 
         – Que é isso? – perguntou o gato. – Você não vai sair daí e cumprir sua promessa? Você disse que deixaria eu comer você inteira.
         – Ah, ah, ah – riu então a barata, sem poder se conter. – E você é tão imbecil a ponto de acreditar na promessa de uma barata velha e bêbada?
        Moral: Às vezes a autodepreciação nos livra do pelotão.

    (Diana Luz Pessoa de Barros. Teoria semiótica do texto, 2005.)
    Quando um sujeito pratica uma ação sobre si mesmo, dizemos que essa ação tem caráter reflexivo.

    Assinale a alternativa em que o pronome sublinhado atribui caráter reflexivo a uma ação.
    Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 66314cee-05
  • 661FFBD9-05

    Português

    Flexão verbal de modo (indicativo, subjuntivo, imperativo)
    FGV · 2020FácilEntre para guardar nos favoritos
    Considere o trecho inicial do conto "Uns sábados, uns agostos", de Caio Fernando Abreu, para responder à questão.

          Eles vinham aos sábados, sem telefonar. Não lembro desde quando criou-se o hábito de virem aos sábados, sem telefonar – e de vez em quando isso me irritava, pensando que se quisesse sair para, por exemplo, passear pelo parque ou tomar uma dessas lanchas de turismo que fazem excursões pelas ilhas, não poderia porque eles bateriam com as caras na porta fechada e ficariam ofendidos (eles eram sensíveis) e talvez não voltassem nunca mais. E como, aos sábados, eu jamais faria coisas como ir ao parque ou andar nessas tais lanchas que fazem excursões pelas ilhas, era obrigado a esperá-los, trancado em casa. Certamente os odiava um pouco enquanto não chegavam: um ódio de ter meus sábados totalmente dependentes deles, que não eram eu, e que não viveriam a minha vida por mim – embora eu nunca tivesse conseguido aprender como se vive aos sábados, se é que existe uma maneira específica de atravessá-los.  
    [...]
         E afinal, chovesse ou fizesse sol, sagradamente lá estavam eles, aos sábados. Naturalmente chovesse-ou-fizesse-sol é apenas isso que se convencionou chamar força de expressão, já que há muito tempo não fazia sol, talvez por ser agosto − mas de certa forma é sempre agosto nesta cidade, principalmente aos sábados.
          Não é que fossem chatos. Na verdade, eu nunca soube que critérios de julgamento se pode usar para julgar alguém definitivamente chato, irremediavelmente burro ou irrecuperavelmente desinteressante. Sempre tive uma dificuldade absurda para arrumar prateleiras. Acontece que não tínhamos nada em comum, não que isso tenha importância, mas nossas famílias não se conheciam, então não podíamos falar sobre os meus pais ou os avós deles, sobre os meus tios ou os seus sobrinhos ou qualquer outra dessas combinações genealógicas. Também não sabia que tipo de trabalho faziam, se é que faziam alguma coisa, nem sequer se liam, se estudavam, iam ao cinema, assistiam à televisão ou com que se ocupavam, enfim, além de me visitar aos sábados.

    (Caio Fernando Abreu. Mel e girassóis, 1988. Adaptado.) 
    Considerado o contexto do primeiro parágrafo, o verbo sublinhado indica um acontecimento habitual, frequente, no passado, na frase:
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  • 661CEB9F-05

    Português

    Interpretação de Textos
    FGV · 2020FácilEntre para guardar nos favoritos
    Considere o trecho inicial do conto "Uns sábados, uns agostos", de Caio Fernando Abreu, para responder à questão.

          Eles vinham aos sábados, sem telefonar. Não lembro desde quando criou-se o hábito de virem aos sábados, sem telefonar – e de vez em quando isso me irritava, pensando que se quisesse sair para, por exemplo, passear pelo parque ou tomar uma dessas lanchas de turismo que fazem excursões pelas ilhas, não poderia porque eles bateriam com as caras na porta fechada e ficariam ofendidos (eles eram sensíveis) e talvez não voltassem nunca mais. E como, aos sábados, eu jamais faria coisas como ir ao parque ou andar nessas tais lanchas que fazem excursões pelas ilhas, era obrigado a esperá-los, trancado em casa. Certamente os odiava um pouco enquanto não chegavam: um ódio de ter meus sábados totalmente dependentes deles, que não eram eu, e que não viveriam a minha vida por mim – embora eu nunca tivesse conseguido aprender como se vive aos sábados, se é que existe uma maneira específica de atravessá-los.  
    [...]
         E afinal, chovesse ou fizesse sol, sagradamente lá estavam eles, aos sábados. Naturalmente chovesse-ou-fizesse-sol é apenas isso que se convencionou chamar força de expressão, já que há muito tempo não fazia sol, talvez por ser agosto − mas de certa forma é sempre agosto nesta cidade, principalmente aos sábados.
          Não é que fossem chatos. Na verdade, eu nunca soube que critérios de julgamento se pode usar para julgar alguém definitivamente chato, irremediavelmente burro ou irrecuperavelmente desinteressante. Sempre tive uma dificuldade absurda para arrumar prateleiras. Acontece que não tínhamos nada em comum, não que isso tenha importância, mas nossas famílias não se conheciam, então não podíamos falar sobre os meus pais ou os avós deles, sobre os meus tios ou os seus sobrinhos ou qualquer outra dessas combinações genealógicas. Também não sabia que tipo de trabalho faziam, se é que faziam alguma coisa, nem sequer se liam, se estudavam, iam ao cinema, assistiam à televisão ou com que se ocupavam, enfim, além de me visitar aos sábados.

    (Caio Fernando Abreu. Mel e girassóis, 1988. Adaptado.) 
    Ao dizer "força de expressão" (2° parágrafo), o narrador informa que não se devem tomar as palavras em seu sentido
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  • 6612C01B-05

    Português

    Interpretação de Textos
    FGV · 2020FácilEntre para guardar nos favoritos
    Leia o texto de Teresinha Costa para responder à questão.

         Em História social da criança e da família, Philippe Ariès faz um estudo na Europa, no período compreendido entre a Idade Média e o século XX, para demonstrar como a definição de criança se modificou no decorrer do tempo de acordo com parâmetros ideológicos. Pela análise de pinturas, diários, esculturas e vitrais produzidos na Europa no período anterior aos ideais da Revolução Francesa, Ariès forja a expressão "sentimento da infância" para designar "a consciência da particularidade infantil, essa particularidade que distingue essencialmente a criança do adulto". Esse sentimento vai aparecer a partir apenas do século XVII.
    Na Idade Média, a criança era vista como um pequeno adulto, sem características que a diferenciassem, e desconsiderada como alguém merecedor de cuidados especiais. Isso não significava que as crianças fossem até então desprezadas ou negligenciadas, mas sim que não se tinha consciência de uma série de particularidades intelectuais, comportamentais e emocionais que passaram, então, a ser consideradas como inerentes ou até mesmo naturais às crianças. Ariès comenta, inclusive, que os pintores ocidentais reproduziam crianças vestidas como pequenos adultos, e que somente percebemos se tratar de uma criança devido ao seu tamanho reduzido. Nas sociedades agrárias, a infância era um período rapidamente superado e, tão logo a criança adquiria alguma independência, passava a participar da vida dos adultos e de seus trabalhos, jogos e festas.

    (Psicanálise com crianças, 2010.)
    De acordo com o texto, a pesquisa de Philippe Ariès
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  • 65FC9ED8-05

    Química

    Grandezas: massa, volume, mol, massa molar, constante de Avogadro e Estequiometria.
    FGV · 2020FácilEntre para guardar nos favoritos
    O carbeto de cálcio (CaC2) pode ser preparado a partir da reação entre o óxido de cálcio (CaO) e carbono de alta pureza, em condições de atmosfera controlada em altas temperaturas, de acordo com a equação:

    CaO (s) + 3C (s) → CaC2 (s) + CO (g)

    Em um experimento em um reator aberto, verificou-se que a diferença entre a massa da mistura reacional e a massa do conteúdo no reator ao término da reação foi 1 400 g.

    Dados:
    massa molar C = 12 g/mol
    massa molar O = 16 g/mol
    massa molar Ca = 40 g/mol

    A massa de carbono que reagiu foi igual a
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  • 65EBB49E-05

    Química

    Equilíbrio Químico
    FGV · 2020FácilEntre para guardar nos favoritos
    O Brasil é o 4º produtor mundial de água engarrafada e oferece no mercado produtos com diversas especificações. Uma determinada marca de água mineral exibe no rótulo de sua garrafa de 500 mL a informação: pH = 10 a 25 °C.

    Considerando-se que a 25 °C o produto iônico da água (Kw) é igual a 1 × 10–14, as quantidades de íons H+ e de íons OH– presentes nessa garrafa de água são, respectivamente,
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  • D17C84BD-04

    Conhecimentos Gerais

    Guerras, Conflitos e Terrorismo
    FGV · 2020FácilEntre para guardar nos favoritos
    Observe as fotos tiradas no Congo em 1904 e 1905.


    Imagem da questão de Conhecimentos Gerais, FGV 2020, Guerras, Conflitos e Terrorismo
    (www.vice.com)

    Os registros fotográficos foram feitos pela missionária inglesa Alice Seeley Harris no Congo, propriedade particular do rei Leopoldo II da Bélgica. As fotografias, de grande circulação nas sociedades europeias no início do século passado, revelaram
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  • D165253C-04

    História

    História Geral
    FGV · 2020FácilEntre para guardar nos favoritos
    O mercador de Veneza é uma peça de teatro escrita por William Shakespeare entre 1596 e 1597. No excerto, o judeu Shylock refere-se a um empréstimo em dinheiro feito por ele ao cristão Antônio.

    Shylock

    Ainda um mau negócio para mim! Um falido, um pródigo, que mal se atreve a mostrar a cabeça no Rialto! Um mendigo que habitualmente vinha exibir-se na praça!... [...] Gostava de chamar-me de usurário. [...] Gostava de emprestar dinheiro por cortesia cristã.

    (William Shakespeare. O mercador de Veneza, 2013.)

    As palavras de Shylock sobre Antônio revelam
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  • D1597D45-04

    História

    Antiguidade Oriental (Egípcios, Mesopotâmicos, Persas, Indianos e Chineses)
    FGV · 2020FácilEntre para guardar nos favoritos
    O Eufrates não é um rio manso e amistoso como o Nilo, com uma inundação de fim de verão, regular como um relógio, que prepara a terra para o plantio do trigo no inverno. [...] Ele transborda de suas margens, de forma errática e imprevisível, durante a primavera, quando a semente já no chão tem de ser protegida, primeiro para não se afogar sob as águas da enchente; segundo, para não secar sob o sol escaldante, que faz evaporar mais da metade do fluxo do rio antes que ele chegue ao mar.

    (Paul Kriwaczek. Babilônia: a Mesopotâmia e o nascimento da civilização, 2018.)

    O excerto faz uma comparação entre a sociedade da Suméria e a do Egito da Antiguidade, acentuando, entre elas,
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  • D14E67E5-04

    Conhecimentos Gerais

    Meio Ambiente, Sustentabilidade e Aquecimento Global
    FGV · 2020FácilEntre para guardar nos favoritos
    A intensidade com que ocorre a competição antrópica por recursos naturais fez surgirem processos de coleta, de sistematização e de análise de informações para subsidiar a tomada de decisões. Buscando o equilíbrio na relação sociedade-natureza, passamos a adotar
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  • D14A2B85-04

    Geografia

    Geografia Física
    FGV · 2020FácilEntre para guardar nos favoritos
    O mapa a seguir destaca o Golfo do México, onde deságua o Rio Mississipi – que recebe, aproximadamente, metade da massa continental dos Estados Unidos.


    Imagem da questão de Geografia, FGV 2020, Geografia Física
    (Tony Juniper. Como nós estamos destruindo o planeta, 2019.)

    A área destacada é classificada como
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