Questões de Linguagens do ENEM

Examine a seguinte campanha da Cruz Vermelha.

The word “strikes” can be replaced, with no change in meaning, by:

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The Red Cross

        The International Red Cross movement started in 1863 and was inspired by Swiss businessman Henry Dunant. The suffering of thousands of men on both sides of the Battle of Solferino in 1859 upset Dunant. Many were left to die due to lack of care. He proposed creating national relief societies, made up of volunteers, trained in peacetime to provide neutral and impartial help to relieve suffering in times of war.

        In response to these ideas, a committee (which later became the International Committee of the Red Cross) was established in Geneva. Dunant also proposed that countries adopt an international agreement, which would recognise the status of medical services and of the injured on the battlefield. This agreement was adopted in 1864.

        The formation of the British Red Cross occurred during the war between France and Prussia in July 1870, Colonel Loyd-Lindsay wrote a letter to the newspaper The Times. He called for a National Society to be formed in Britain just like in other European nations. On 4 August 1870, a public meeting was held in London and a resolution passed authorizing the formation of The British National Society for Aid to the Sick and Wounded in War. It gave aid and relief to both warring armies during the Franco-Prussian War and in other wars and campaigns during the 19th century. This was done under the protection of the red cross emblem.

        In 1905, the British National Society for Aid to the Sick and Wounded in War was renamed as the British Red Cross. The Red Cross needed many skilled volunteers for its wartime role. The Voluntary Aid Scheme was introduced in 1909 and ensured that Voluntary Aid Detachments were formed across the United Kingdom. Their members would provide aid to the territorial medical forces in times of war.

(www.redcross.org.uk. Adaptado.)

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The Red Cross

        The International Red Cross movement started in 1863 and was inspired by Swiss businessman Henry Dunant. The suffering of thousands of men on both sides of the Battle of Solferino in 1859 upset Dunant. Many were left to die due to lack of care. He proposed creating national relief societies, made up of volunteers, trained in peacetime to provide neutral and impartial help to relieve suffering in times of war.

        In response to these ideas, a committee (which later became the International Committee of the Red Cross) was established in Geneva. Dunant also proposed that countries adopt an international agreement, which would recognise the status of medical services and of the injured on the battlefield. This agreement was adopted in 1864.

        The formation of the British Red Cross occurred during the war between France and Prussia in July 1870, Colonel Loyd-Lindsay wrote a letter to the newspaper The Times. He called for a National Society to be formed in Britain just like in other European nations. On 4 August 1870, a public meeting was held in London and a resolution passed authorizing the formation of The British National Society for Aid to the Sick and Wounded in War. It gave aid and relief to both warring armies during the Franco-Prussian War and in other wars and campaigns during the 19th century. This was done under the protection of the red cross emblem.

        In 1905, the British National Society for Aid to the Sick and Wounded in War was renamed as the British Red Cross. The Red Cross needed many skilled volunteers for its wartime role. The Voluntary Aid Scheme was introduced in 1909 and ensured that Voluntary Aid Detachments were formed across the United Kingdom. Their members would provide aid to the territorial medical forces in times of war.

(www.redcross.org.uk. Adaptado.)

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The Red Cross

        The International Red Cross movement started in 1863 and was inspired by Swiss businessman Henry Dunant. The suffering of thousands of men on both sides of the Battle of Solferino in 1859 upset Dunant. Many were left to die due to lack of care. He proposed creating national relief societies, made up of volunteers, trained in peacetime to provide neutral and impartial help to relieve suffering in times of war.

        In response to these ideas, a committee (which later became the International Committee of the Red Cross) was established in Geneva. Dunant also proposed that countries adopt an international agreement, which would recognise the status of medical services and of the injured on the battlefield. This agreement was adopted in 1864.

        The formation of the British Red Cross occurred during the war between France and Prussia in July 1870, Colonel Loyd-Lindsay wrote a letter to the newspaper The Times. He called for a National Society to be formed in Britain just like in other European nations. On 4 August 1870, a public meeting was held in London and a resolution passed authorizing the formation of The British National Society for Aid to the Sick and Wounded in War. It gave aid and relief to both warring armies during the Franco-Prussian War and in other wars and campaigns during the 19th century. This was done under the protection of the red cross emblem.

        In 1905, the British National Society for Aid to the Sick and Wounded in War was renamed as the British Red Cross. The Red Cross needed many skilled volunteers for its wartime role. The Voluntary Aid Scheme was introduced in 1909 and ensured that Voluntary Aid Detachments were formed across the United Kingdom. Their members would provide aid to the territorial medical forces in times of war.

(www.redcross.org.uk. Adaptado.)

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The Red Cross

        The International Red Cross movement started in 1863 and was inspired by Swiss businessman Henry Dunant. The suffering of thousands of men on both sides of the Battle of Solferino in 1859 upset Dunant. Many were left to die due to lack of care. He proposed creating national relief societies, made up of volunteers, trained in peacetime to provide neutral and impartial help to relieve suffering in times of war.

        In response to these ideas, a committee (which later became the International Committee of the Red Cross) was established in Geneva. Dunant also proposed that countries adopt an international agreement, which would recognise the status of medical services and of the injured on the battlefield. This agreement was adopted in 1864.

        The formation of the British Red Cross occurred during the war between France and Prussia in July 1870, Colonel Loyd-Lindsay wrote a letter to the newspaper The Times. He called for a National Society to be formed in Britain just like in other European nations. On 4 August 1870, a public meeting was held in London and a resolution passed authorizing the formation of The British National Society for Aid to the Sick and Wounded in War. It gave aid and relief to both warring armies during the Franco-Prussian War and in other wars and campaigns during the 19th century. This was done under the protection of the red cross emblem.

        In 1905, the British National Society for Aid to the Sick and Wounded in War was renamed as the British Red Cross. The Red Cross needed many skilled volunteers for its wartime role. The Voluntary Aid Scheme was introduced in 1909 and ensured that Voluntary Aid Detachments were formed across the United Kingdom. Their members would provide aid to the territorial medical forces in times of war.

(www.redcross.org.uk. Adaptado.)

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O ambiente escolar é um excelente laboratório para a vida adulta de nossas crianças e adolescentes. Entre inúmeras virtudes, a escola desenvolve resiliência às frustrações e propicia a convivência com a diversidade, pois é um espaço de aprendizado e alegria.

Ademais, a escola tem legitimidade e autoridade intelectual e moral para ser um agente de transformação da comunidade na qual está inserida. Desgraçadamente, no entanto, não é isso que ocorre em uma boa parte de nossos estabelecimentos de ensino. Mesmo reconhecida por uma maioria como a “nova riqueza das nações”, a escola, no Brasil, tem sido exacerbadamente o espaço de frequentes agressões físicas e morais, muito acima da média mundial, como bem demonstram estatísticas comparativas internacionais.

Sem forças para reverter uma dura realidade boa parte de nossas escolas é um escoadouro das mazelas sociais e éticas. Destarte, vivenciam-se a violência física e o bullying, cuja frequência e intensidade indicam o quanto a escola está moralmente comprometida, como decorrência da falta de regras claras e de punição adequada, conflitos mal resolvidos e ausência de uma cultura mais humana no colégio ou em casa.

[...] Além disso, nos últimos anos temos passado por um agravamento de toda essa problemática, uma vez que o Brasil vivencia a imbricação de três graves crises: econômica, política e, a mais avassaladora delas, a crise moral. E, como professa Aristóteles, “o homem guiado pela ética é o melhor dos animais; quando sem ela, é o pior”.

Assim, quando os valores, virtudes, mérito, dedicação aos estudos e ao trabalho duro são relegados por uma boa parcela de nossos políticos e da população, cabe à pergunta: que força tem a escola para romper os grilhões de violências físicas e morais? Quando o entorno é conflagrado, a agressividade e a intimidação adentram as escolas – se não for pelas portas ou pelas janelas, será pelas frestas. E como estancar essa invasão indesejada e deletéria?[...] Um bom educador é comprometido com a sua comunidade escolar, pois ele carrega dentro de si a chama esplendorosa do entusiasmo em promover o ser humano nos espectros ético, cognitivo, social e espiritual. (Gazeta do Povo, Jacir J. Venturi, coordenador da Universidade Positivo, 10 set. 2017, com adaptações) 

Leia o texto a seguir para responder a questão

O ambiente escolar é um excelente laboratório para a vida adulta de nossas crianças e adolescentes. Entre inúmeras virtudes, a escola desenvolve resiliência às frustrações e propicia a convivência com a diversidade, pois é um espaço de aprendizado e alegria.

Ademais, a escola tem legitimidade e autoridade intelectual e moral para ser um agente de transformação da comunidade na qual está inserida. Desgraçadamente, no entanto, não é isso que ocorre em uma boa parte de nossos estabelecimentos de ensino. Mesmo reconhecida por uma maioria como a “nova riqueza das nações”, a escola, no Brasil, tem sido exacerbadamente o espaço de frequentes agressões físicas e morais, muito acima da média mundial, como bem demonstram estatísticas comparativas internacionais.

Sem forças para reverter uma dura realidade boa parte de nossas escolas é um escoadouro das mazelas sociais e éticas. Destarte, vivenciam-se a violência física e o bullying, cuja frequência e intensidade indicam o quanto a escola está moralmente comprometida, como decorrência da falta de regras claras e de punição adequada, conflitos mal resolvidos e ausência de uma cultura mais humana no colégio ou em casa.

[...] Além disso, nos últimos anos temos passado por um agravamento de toda essa problemática, uma vez que o Brasil vivencia a imbricação de três graves crises: econômica, política e, a mais avassaladora delas, a crise moral. E, como professa Aristóteles, “o homem guiado pela ética é o melhor dos animais; quando sem ela, é o pior”.

Assim, quando os valores, virtudes, mérito, dedicação aos estudos e ao trabalho duro são relegados por uma boa parcela de nossos políticos e da população, cabe à pergunta: que força tem a escola para romper os grilhões de violências físicas e morais? Quando o entorno é conflagrado, a agressividade e a intimidação adentram as escolas – se não for pelas portas ou pelas janelas, será pelas frestas. E como estancar essa invasão indesejada e deletéria?[...] Um bom educador é comprometido com a sua comunidade escolar, pois ele carrega dentro de si a chama esplendorosa do entusiasmo em promover o ser humano nos espectros ético, cognitivo, social e espiritual. (Gazeta do Povo, Jacir J. Venturi, coordenador da Universidade Positivo, 10 set. 2017, com adaptações)