Instituição
460 questões de Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), de 2010 a 2024. Cada uma tem página própria, com enunciado completo, alternativas e gabarito — e dá para responder na própria página.
O texto a seguir é referência para a questão.
How the American Dream has changed
The phrase ‘American Dream’ was officially coined just under 90 years ago in a book called The Epic of America by James Truslow Adams. He argued it was “that dream of a land in which life should be better and richer and fuller for everyone, with opportunity for each according to ability or achievement.”
Today: No single American Dream?
For some today the American Dream means a chance for fame and celebrity, while for others it means succeeding through the old adage of family values and hard work. Still others believe that the American Dream just represents a world closed to all but the elite with their wealth and contacts […]. Meanwhile, surveys have found that almost half of all millennials believe the American Dream is dead. In an ever-changing country, the idea of what the American Dream means to different people is changing too.
(Disponível em: https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/other/what-the-american-dream-looked-like-the-decade-you-were-born/ss-AABbxjy)
According to the part of the text that starts with “For some today the American Dream…”, how many different meanings can be related to the American Dream today?O texto a seguir é referência para as questão.
O jogo do salário mínimo
More than 100 South African gold miners
treated for smoke inhalation
JOHANNESBURG (Reuters) – Hundreds of South African gold mine workers were rescued and over 100 treated for smoke inhalation after an underground fire, the National Union of Mineworkers (NUM) said on Thursday.
Safety is a huge issue in South Africa’s dangerous deep-level mines and a focus for investors. A spate of deaths at SibanyeStillwater’s gold operations, including a seismic event that killed seven miners in early May, has highlighted the risks.
In the latest incident, more than 600 miners were initially trapped after a fire broke out at a mine east of Johannesburg operated by unlisted Gold One, NUM said.
This comes almost two weeks after five miners died in an underground fire at a South African copper mine operated by unlisted Palabora Mining Company in Limpopo.
Company officials could not immediately be reached for comment.
“As the NUM, we vehemently condemn this kind of incident as it is becoming a trend”, the union said in a statement.
(Disponível em:<https://www.reuters.com/article/us-safrica-mining-fire/more-than-100-south-african-gold-miners-treated-for-smoke-inhalation-idUSKBN1KG294 .)
O texto a seguir é referência para as questões 41 a 45.
Com base no texto, considere as seguintes afirmativas:
1. Na frase “Os animais falantes e as fadas madrinhas não procuram confortar as crianças, e sim dotá-las de ferramentas para viver, em vez de incutir rígidos patrões de conduta, e estimular seu raciocínio moral”, a vírgula depois de “conduta” pode ser suprimida sem alteração do sentido.
2. Na frase “A ganhadora do prêmio Nobel, admiradora de Andersen – cuja coragem se destacava por ter criado finais tristes –, ressalta a importância de se assustar...”, a vírgula depois do segundo travessão pode ser corretamente suprimida.
3. No trecho “...não só encapsulam os mitos duradouros de uma cultura, como também contêm uma explicação geral do mundo...”, a vírgula depois de “cultura” pode ser corretamente suprimida.
Assinale a alternativa correta.
Britain bans gasoline and diesel cars starting in 2040
Britain will ban sales of new gasoline and diesel cars starting in 2040 as part of a bid to clean up the country’s air. The decision to phase out the internal combustion engine heralds a new era of low-emission technologies with major implications for the auto industry, society and the environment. “We can’t carry on with diesel and petrol cars”, U.K. environment secretary Michael Gove told the BBC on Wednesday. “There is no alternative to embracing new technology”. Almost 2.7 million new cars were registered in the U.K. in 2016, making it the second biggest market in Europe after Germany.
Meeting the 2040 deadline will be a heavy lift. British demand for electric and fuel cell cars, as well as plug-in hybrids, grew 40% in 2015, but they only accounted for less than 3% of the market. Still, experts say sales of clean cars are likely to continue on their dramatic upward trajectory.
The car industry says that demand for electric vehicles will only reach a tipping point once they're cheaper to own than conventional vehicles.
The deadline was announced by the government on Wednesday as part of a plan to reduce air pollution. The blueprint highlighted roughly £1.4 billion in government investment designed to help ensure that every vehicle on the road in Britain produces zero emissions by 2050.
Gove said action was needed because gasoline and diesel engines contribute to health problems, “accelerate climate change, do damage to the planet and the next generation”. Roughly 40,000 deaths in Britain each year are attributable to outdoor air pollution, according to a study published last year by the Royal College of Physicians. Dirty air has been linked to cancer, asthma, stroke and heart disease, among other health issues.
The problem is especially pronounced in big cities. London surpassed the European Union’s annual limit for nitrogen dioxide exposure just five days into the new year, according to King’s College. The university estimates that air pollution is responsible for 9,400 premature deaths in the city every year.
The timeline for ending sales of internal combustion engines mirrors one proposed in early July by France. President Emmanuel Macron has given the auto industry the same deadline to make the switch to cleaner tech.
“We are quite rightly in a position of global leadership when it comes to shaping new technology”, Gove said. But the auto industry, which supports over 800,000 jobs in the U.K., is wary of hard deadlines.
Other countries have been even more ambitious than the U.K. India is planning to stop selling gas-powered vehicles by 2030.
The German car industry and government officials will meet in early August to discuss the future of diesel engine technology. Manufacturers are trying to avoid diesel cars being banned from German towns and cities.
(Disponível:http://money.cnn.com/2017/07/26/news/uk-bans-gasoline-diesel-engines-2040/index.html>. Adaptado. Acesso: 26 de julho de 2017.)
Consider the following excerpt taken from the text:
British demand for electric and fuel cell cars, as well as plug-in hybrids, grew 40% in 2015, but they only accounted for
less than 3% of the market.
Choose the alternative that conveys the same meaning of the excerpt above.
Britain bans gasoline and diesel cars starting in 2040
Britain will ban sales of new gasoline and diesel cars starting in 2040 as part of a bid to clean up the country’s air. The decision to phase out the internal combustion engine heralds a new era of low-emission technologies with major implications for the auto industry, society and the environment. “We can’t carry on with diesel and petrol cars”, U.K. environment secretary Michael Gove told the BBC on Wednesday. “There is no alternative to embracing new technology”. Almost 2.7 million new cars were registered in the U.K. in 2016, making it the second biggest market in Europe after Germany.
Meeting the 2040 deadline will be a heavy lift. British demand for electric and fuel cell cars, as well as plug-in hybrids, grew 40% in 2015, but they only accounted for less than 3% of the market. Still, experts say sales of clean cars are likely to continue on their dramatic upward trajectory.
The car industry says that demand for electric vehicles will only reach a tipping point once they're cheaper to own than conventional vehicles.
The deadline was announced by the government on Wednesday as part of a plan to reduce air pollution. The blueprint highlighted roughly £1.4 billion in government investment designed to help ensure that every vehicle on the road in Britain produces zero emissions by 2050.
Gove said action was needed because gasoline and diesel engines contribute to health problems, “accelerate climate change, do damage to the planet and the next generation”. Roughly 40,000 deaths in Britain each year are attributable to outdoor air pollution, according to a study published last year by the Royal College of Physicians. Dirty air has been linked to cancer, asthma, stroke and heart disease, among other health issues.
The problem is especially pronounced in big cities. London surpassed the European Union’s annual limit for nitrogen dioxide exposure just five days into the new year, according to King’s College. The university estimates that air pollution is responsible for 9,400 premature deaths in the city every year.
The timeline for ending sales of internal combustion engines mirrors one proposed in early July by France. President Emmanuel Macron has given the auto industry the same deadline to make the switch to cleaner tech.
“We are quite rightly in a position of global leadership when it comes to shaping new technology”, Gove said. But the auto industry, which supports over 800,000 jobs in the U.K., is wary of hard deadlines.
Other countries have been even more ambitious than the U.K. India is planning to stop selling gas-powered vehicles by 2030.
The German car industry and government officials will meet in early August to discuss the future of diesel engine technology. Manufacturers are trying to avoid diesel cars being banned from German towns and cities.
(Disponível:http://money.cnn.com/2017/07/26/news/uk-bans-gasoline-diesel-engines-2040/index.html>. Adaptado. Acesso: 26 de julho de 2017.)
Consider the following numbers:
1. 2.7 million new clean energy cars were registered in the U.K. in 2016.
2. 40,000 of British deaths yearly are said to be caused by pollution related diseases.
3. Car industry in Britain is cautious about having specific dates for banning internal combustion energy cars because it supports over 800.000 jobs in the UK.
Mark the correct alternative.
A crise final da escravidão, no Brasil, deu lugar ao aparecimento de um modelo novo de resistência, a que podemos chamar quilombo abolicionista. No modelo tradicional de resistência à escravidão, o quilombo-rompimento, a tendência dominante era a política do esconderijo e do segredo de guerra. Por isso, esforçavam-se os quilombolas exatamente para proteger seu dia a dia, sua organização interna e suas lideranças de todo tipo de inimigo, curioso ou forasteiro, inclusive, depois, os historiadores.
Já no modelo novo de resistência, o quilombo abolicionista, as lideranças são muito bem conhecidas, cidadãos prestantes, com documentação civil em dia e, principalmente, muito bem articulados politicamente. Não mais os grandes guerreiros do modelo anterior, mas um tipo novo de liderança, uma espécie de instância de intermediação entre a comunidade de fugitivos e a sociedade envolvente. Sabemos hoje que a existência de um quilombo inteiramente isolado foi coisa rara. Mas, no caso dos quilombos abolicionistas, os contatos com a sociedade são tantos e tão essenciais que o quilombo encontra-se já internalizado, parte do jogo político da sociedade mais ampla.
(Quilombo abolicionista – cap. 1; p. 11. SILVA, Eduardo: As Camélias do Leblon e a abolição da escravatura: uma investigação de história cultural. SP: Cia das Letras, 2003.)
Texto B:
Glória Pires incapaz de opinar no Oscar, Eduardo Jorge, Tapa na pantera, Luisa Marilac, Japonês da federal, John Travolta confuso, diferentona, cala a boca Galvão, Nissim Ourfali, Winona Ryder em choque, e tantos outros memes e virais – que costumam ser tratados como mera zoeira, simplesmente uma das mil manias derivadas da internet – passaram a ser tratados como peças de museu, literalmente. Criado como um projeto do curso de Estudos de Mídia na Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), o Museu dos Memes leva justamente a zoeira a sério. […]
Ainda que sejam tratados como besteira, para o criador e coordenador do museu, Viktor Chagas, os memes possuem, para além de sua função cômica, uma função social – basta olhar para as diversas hashtags de denúncia em causas como dentro do movimento negro e feminista para entender que tal lógica possui mais desdobramentos, possibilidades e sentidos do que imaginamos em seu aspecto mais pueril.
(Disponível em:<http://www.hypeness.com.br/2017/05/o-museu-de-memes-e-brasileiro-e-e-a-melhor-forma-de-eternizar-a-zueira-que-abunda-na-internet/> . Acesso em 29/09/17)
Com base no texto B, identifique como verdadeiras (V) ou falsas (F) as seguintes afirmativas:
( ) A função cômica, própria dos memes, é apresentada como atenuante da função social, que também é própria deles.
( ) O autor do texto antecipa-se a uma avaliação negativa acerca dos memes e apresenta contra-argumento em relação a ela.
( ) Os exemplos de memes como peças de museu, apresentados no início do texto, servem de sustentação à ideia de paradoxo entre zoeira e seriedade.
( ) O autor apresenta a denúncia em causas como a feminista e a do movimento negro para explicitar a lógica de funcionamento das hashtags.
Assinale a alternativa que apresenta a sequência correta, de cima para baixo.
2NO2 (g)
Considere o seguinte extrato da declaração de independência haitiana:
(Transcrição a partir da versão publicada em David Armitage, Declaração de independência: uma história global. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2011).
Com base nesse fragmento e nos conhecimentos sobre o assunto, considere as seguintes afirmativas sobre a Revolução Haitiana (1791-1804) e seu significado para as independências americanas:
1. Antes de se chamar Haiti, a ilha se chamava Santo Domingo e estava sob domínio espanhol, sendo invadida pelos franceses a mando de Napoleão.
2. O Haiti foi a primeira república das Américas a se libertar da dominação europeia e abolir a escravidão.
3. A particularidade da revolução haitiana é que foi dirigida por escravos, libertos e mulatos e inspirada nos princípios que os próprios franceses teriam levantado durante sua revolução.
4. A revolução haitiana contou com o apoio de escravos e libertos da colônia espanhola de Cuba.
Assinale a alternativa correta.
Utilizarás el texto que sigue para contestar a la cuestione.
Um engenheiro eletricista, ao projetar a instalação elétrica de uma edificação, deve levar em conta vários fatores, de modo a garantir principalmente a segurança dos futuros usuários. Considerando um trecho da fiação, com determinado comprimento, que irá alimentar um conjunto de lâmpadas, avalie as seguintes afirmativas:
1. Quanto mais fino for o fio condutor, menor será a sua resistência elétrica.
2. Quanto mais fino for o fio condutor, maior será a perda de energia em forma de calor.
3. Quanto mais fino for o fio condutor, maior será a sua resistividade.
Assinale a alternativa correta.
