Questões: Centro de Educação Superior a Distância do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (CEDERJ) — com gabarito

As extremidades de um pedaço de fio de comprimento L são conectadas aos terminais de uma bateria ideal. Verifica-se que a corrente elétrica a qual percorre o fio é, nesse caso, i1 . O pedaço original é substituído por outro, do mesmo fio, porém com o dobro do comprimento. Após a substituição, verifica-se que, sob a mesma voltagem, a corrente que o percorre é i2 . Assinale a alternativa que descreve a relação entre as correntes i1 e i2 .

Qual dos animais abaixo é celomado, possui exoesqueleto quitinoso e quatro pares de patas?

A herança holândrica está exclusivamente ligada ao cromossomo Y. Dessa forma, a probabilidade de uma característica paterna, ligada a um gene holândrico, ser transmitida para um filho e para uma filha é de, respectivamente:

A cromatina presente no núcleo das células eucarióticas é formada por DNA associado a proteínas básicas denominadas:

Aminoácidos, nucleotídeos, monossacarídeos e ácidos graxos são monômeros básicos utilizados, respectivamente, na formação das seguintes macromoléculas:

                   

A correlação é um importante recurso coesivo. Assinale a alternativa que apresenta enunciados organizados em estruturas de correlação (ou correlativas):

                   

O adjetivo “convencionais” − em “Para falar com franqueza, o número de anos assim positivo e a data de São Pedro são convencionais” − sugere que:

                   

Leia o fragmento seguinte para responder à questão:

“Para falar com franqueza, o número de anos assim positivo e a data de São Pedro são convencionais: adoto-os porque estão no livro de assentamentos de batizados da freguesia.” (linhas 8-11)

O emprego de dois-pontos no fragmento acima indica:

                   

O texto corresponde a uma autodescrição de Paulo Honório, protagonista de São Bernardo, romance de Graciliano Ramos. São elementos linguísticos que caracterizam uma sequência autodescritiva:

                             Why I took up the cello in my 60s

Michelle Hanson

Learning to play a musical instrument at any point in life is good for the brain. Who cares if I sound like a 'sick cow'?

                                   

It's exciting to know that I have done something right and rewarding – taking up the cello in my 60s. A new study from St. Andrew's University proves it. Taking up a musical instrument, even late in life, is good for the brain, and “can slow, stop, or even reverse, age or illness-related decline in mental functions". Hurrah!

My efforts have been rewarded, because starting the cello was a bit of a struggle, physically and mentally. Back then, my mother was alive, and rather critical: “You sound like a sick cow," she would cry out in a tormented way, but I persisted, joined an orchestra, and now here I am, with a bigger frontal cortex area than I might have otherwise had, and able to “adjust my behaviour more effectively in conflict-rich situations".

The more you practise the better, suggests the research. Good. It will spur me on, sick cow or not. Because I desperately need to keep my brain in order. Don't we all, if we're going to live to over 100? Last week I went for a walk with an old friend of mine and her dog. She is 92 and browned off.

“How are you?" I asked. “Fed up. I want to die." This was my mother's primary aim once she hit 96. “What do you want for your birthday?" we would ask. “To be dead!", she would say. No wonder. What else did life offer? At least my old friend could walk about. My mother could hardly walk, talk or eat.

If only they had played a musical instrument. You can do it sitting down, on your own, with friends, cheer yourself up, be in control, or wildly emotional. I cannot recommend it highly enough.

Fonte: http://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2013/sep/ 30/why-i-took-up-cello-in-60s

Glossário

took up: aprendi; struggle: luta/muito esforço; spur me on: encorajar/estimular; browned off: sem entusiasmo
Entre os adjetivos abaixo, retirados do texto, marque aquele que expressa o modo com que a autora avalia sua experiência de tocar o violoncelo:

                             Why I took up the cello in my 60s

Michelle Hanson

Learning to play a musical instrument at any point in life is good for the brain. Who cares if I sound like a 'sick cow'?

                                   

It's exciting to know that I have done something right and rewarding – taking up the cello in my 60s. A new study from St. Andrew's University proves it. Taking up a musical instrument, even late in life, is good for the brain, and “can slow, stop, or even reverse, age or illness-related decline in mental functions". Hurrah!

My efforts have been rewarded, because starting the cello was a bit of a struggle, physically and mentally. Back then, my mother was alive, and rather critical: “You sound like a sick cow," she would cry out in a tormented way, but I persisted, joined an orchestra, and now here I am, with a bigger frontal cortex area than I might have otherwise had, and able to “adjust my behaviour more effectively in conflict-rich situations".

The more you practise the better, suggests the research. Good. It will spur me on, sick cow or not. Because I desperately need to keep my brain in order. Don't we all, if we're going to live to over 100? Last week I went for a walk with an old friend of mine and her dog. She is 92 and browned off.

“How are you?" I asked. “Fed up. I want to die." This was my mother's primary aim once she hit 96. “What do you want for your birthday?" we would ask. “To be dead!", she would say. No wonder. What else did life offer? At least my old friend could walk about. My mother could hardly walk, talk or eat.

If only they had played a musical instrument. You can do it sitting down, on your own, with friends, cheer yourself up, be in control, or wildly emotional. I cannot recommend it highly enough.

Fonte: http://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2013/sep/ 30/why-i-took-up-cello-in-60s

Glossário

took up: aprendi; struggle: luta/muito esforço; spur me on: encorajar/estimular; browned off: sem entusiasmo
O pronome “they" em “If only they had played a musical instrument" (parágrafo 5) se refere

                             Why I took up the cello in my 60s

Michelle Hanson

Learning to play a musical instrument at any point in life is good for the brain. Who cares if I sound like a 'sick cow'?

                                   

It's exciting to know that I have done something right and rewarding – taking up the cello in my 60s. A new study from St. Andrew's University proves it. Taking up a musical instrument, even late in life, is good for the brain, and “can slow, stop, or even reverse, age or illness-related decline in mental functions". Hurrah!

My efforts have been rewarded, because starting the cello was a bit of a struggle, physically and mentally. Back then, my mother was alive, and rather critical: “You sound like a sick cow," she would cry out in a tormented way, but I persisted, joined an orchestra, and now here I am, with a bigger frontal cortex area than I might have otherwise had, and able to “adjust my behaviour more effectively in conflict-rich situations".

The more you practise the better, suggests the research. Good. It will spur me on, sick cow or not. Because I desperately need to keep my brain in order. Don't we all, if we're going to live to over 100? Last week I went for a walk with an old friend of mine and her dog. She is 92 and browned off.

“How are you?" I asked. “Fed up. I want to die." This was my mother's primary aim once she hit 96. “What do you want for your birthday?" we would ask. “To be dead!", she would say. No wonder. What else did life offer? At least my old friend could walk about. My mother could hardly walk, talk or eat.

If only they had played a musical instrument. You can do it sitting down, on your own, with friends, cheer yourself up, be in control, or wildly emotional. I cannot recommend it highly enough.

Fonte: http://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2013/sep/ 30/why-i-took-up-cello-in-60s

Glossário

took up: aprendi; struggle: luta/muito esforço; spur me on: encorajar/estimular; browned off: sem entusiasmo
The author's mother's attitude concerning her taking up the cello was:

                             Why I took up the cello in my 60s

Michelle Hanson

Learning to play a musical instrument at any point in life is good for the brain. Who cares if I sound like a 'sick cow'?

                                   

It's exciting to know that I have done something right and rewarding – taking up the cello in my 60s. A new study from St. Andrew's University proves it. Taking up a musical instrument, even late in life, is good for the brain, and “can slow, stop, or even reverse, age or illness-related decline in mental functions". Hurrah!

My efforts have been rewarded, because starting the cello was a bit of a struggle, physically and mentally. Back then, my mother was alive, and rather critical: “You sound like a sick cow," she would cry out in a tormented way, but I persisted, joined an orchestra, and now here I am, with a bigger frontal cortex area than I might have otherwise had, and able to “adjust my behaviour more effectively in conflict-rich situations".

The more you practise the better, suggests the research. Good. It will spur me on, sick cow or not. Because I desperately need to keep my brain in order. Don't we all, if we're going to live to over 100? Last week I went for a walk with an old friend of mine and her dog. She is 92 and browned off.

“How are you?" I asked. “Fed up. I want to die." This was my mother's primary aim once she hit 96. “What do you want for your birthday?" we would ask. “To be dead!", she would say. No wonder. What else did life offer? At least my old friend could walk about. My mother could hardly walk, talk or eat.

If only they had played a musical instrument. You can do it sitting down, on your own, with friends, cheer yourself up, be in control, or wildly emotional. I cannot recommend it highly enough.

Fonte: http://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2013/sep/ 30/why-i-took-up-cello-in-60s

Glossário

took up: aprendi; struggle: luta/muito esforço; spur me on: encorajar/estimular; browned off: sem entusiasmo
Research carried out at St. Andrews University has shown that learning how to play a musical instrument can:

A melatonina (I) é um hormônio produzido por vários animais e vegetais. Sua produção em animais superiores atua na organização temporal dos ritmos biológicos. Em humanos, atua regulando o sono, pois, em ambientes calmos e escuros, sua concentração aumenta. Nos seres humanos, a melatonina é sintetizada a partir do aminoácido triptofano (II).

                                

As funções representadas nas figuras pelos números 1, 2, 3 e 4 são, respectivamente:

Considere as seguintes reações balanceadas:

I 2-metilbutano + bromo (luz e calor) → A + HBr

II Etano + bromo (luz e calor) → B + HBr

Os produtos indicados pelas letras A e B são respectivamente:

Ao dissolver 102,5 g de NaOH em 400 mL de água, obtém-se 410 mL de solução. Com base na informação, assinale a alternativa que indica a concentração desta solução em gramas por litro (g/L).

O ácido ortoarsênico tem como fórmula H₃AsO₄. Assinale a alternativa que apresenta, respectivamente, as fórmulas dos seguintes ácidos: metaarsênico e piroarsênico.

Um comerciante aumentou o preço original de um de seus produtos em x%. Após isso, diminuiu o novo valor em x%. Com esses procedimentos, o preço desse produto, em relação ao seu valor original,

Um aluno começou a construir, com palitos, uma sequência de retângulos justapostos em uma fileira horizontal. A figura, a seguir, mostra os três primeiros termos dessa sequência:

                                      P₁: 

                                      P₂:  

                                      P₃: 

O primeiro termo da sequência, P₁, foi construído com 4 palitos; o segundo, P₂, com 7 palitos; o terceiro, P₃, com 10 palitos; e assim por diante, isto é, ao enésimo termo da sequência, Pn , acrescenta-se mais um retângulo, utilizando-se um número mínimo de palitos, para formar o termo seguinte, P_n+1. Para construir o vigésimo termo desta sequência, P₂₀, o aluno precisará de