Instituição
311 questões de Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas (PUC - Campinas), de 2010 a 2016. Cada uma tem página própria, com enunciado completo, alternativas e gabarito — e dá para responder na própria página.
Born on April 15, 1452, in Vinci, Italy, Leonardo da Vinci was the son of a prominent attorney notary and a young peasant girl. Born out of wedlock, he was raised by his father, Ser Piero, and several stepmothers.
His early years were spent living on his father’s family estate in Vinci. Beyond basic reading, writing and mathematical skills, da Vinci did not receive much of a formal education. Recognizing his potential as an artist, his father sent him at the age of 14 or 15 to apprentice with sculptor and painter Andrea del Verrocchio of Florence.
He spent six years honing his technical skills, including metalworking, leather arts, carpentry, drawing and sculpting, and became a member of the Guild of Saint Luke by the age of 20. He remained with Verrocchio until he became an independent master in 1478. Around that time, he took on his first commissioned work, The Adoration of the Magi, for Florence’s San Donato, a Scopeto monastery, but departed for Milan the following year, leaving the painting unfinished. It has been in the Uffizi Gallery in Florence since 1670.
Leonardo was, and is, renowned primarily as a painter. Among his works, the Mona Lisa is the most famous and most parodied portrait and The Last Supper the most reproduced religious painting of all time, with their fame approached only by Michelangelo's The Creation of Adam. Leonardo's drawing of The Vitruvian Man, based on the correlations of ideal human proportions with geometry described by the ancient Roman architect Vitruvius, is also regarded as a cultural icon, being reproduced on items as varied as the euro coin, textbooks, and T-shirts.
Leonardo is also revered for his technological ingenuity. In the early 1490s, he began chronicling his thoughts about painting, architecture, mechanics and human anatomy. These notebooks contained wide-ranging ideas, including plans for a “flying machine,” bicycle and drawings of a fetus in the womb and the human skeleton.
His interests and intellect traversed so many disciplines that he symbolized the term “Renaissance Man”. Unfortunately, these notebooks were not published and his ideas did not advance scientific understanding in the Renaissance period.
Today, Leonardo is widely recognized as one of the most diversely talented individuals ever to have lived.
(Adapted form: http://www.livescience.com/39355-leonardo-da-vinci.html)
Born on April 15, 1452, in Vinci, Italy, Leonardo da Vinci was the son of a prominent attorney notary and a young peasant girl. Born out of wedlock, he was raised by his father, Ser Piero, and several stepmothers.
His early years were spent living on his father’s family estate in Vinci. Beyond basic reading, writing and mathematical skills, da Vinci did not receive much of a formal education. Recognizing his potential as an artist, his father sent him at the age of 14 or 15 to apprentice with sculptor and painter Andrea del Verrocchio of Florence.
He spent six years honing his technical skills, including metalworking, leather arts, carpentry, drawing and sculpting, and became a member of the Guild of Saint Luke by the age of 20. He remained with Verrocchio until he became an independent master in 1478. Around that time, he took on his first commissioned work, The Adoration of the Magi, for Florence’s San Donato, a Scopeto monastery, but departed for Milan the following year, leaving the painting unfinished. It has been in the Uffizi Gallery in Florence since 1670.
Leonardo was, and is, renowned primarily as a painter. Among his works, the Mona Lisa is the most famous and most parodied portrait and The Last Supper the most reproduced religious painting of all time, with their fame approached only by Michelangelo's The Creation of Adam. Leonardo's drawing of The Vitruvian Man, based on the correlations of ideal human proportions with geometry described by the ancient Roman architect Vitruvius, is also regarded as a cultural icon, being reproduced on items as varied as the euro coin, textbooks, and T-shirts.
Leonardo is also revered for his technological ingenuity. In the early 1490s, he began chronicling his thoughts about painting, architecture, mechanics and human anatomy. These notebooks contained wide-ranging ideas, including plans for a “flying machine,” bicycle and drawings of a fetus in the womb and the human skeleton.
His interests and intellect traversed so many disciplines that he symbolized the term “Renaissance Man”. Unfortunately, these notebooks were not published and his ideas did not advance scientific understanding in the Renaissance period.
Today, Leonardo is widely recognized as one of the most diversely talented individuals ever to have lived.
(Adapted form: http://www.livescience.com/39355-leonardo-da-vinci.html)
Considere o texto abaixo.
Rede de Sementes do Xingu formaliza a sua produção
segunda-feira, 25 de Maio de 2015
Biodiversidade
Esta notícia está associada ao Programa:
Xingu
Lei de sementes e mudas é aplicada como estratégia para a gestão da qualidade e garante a adequação legal da iniciativa. Os debates e ações em torno da conservação e restauração da biodiversidade têm esbarrado em um gargalo legal. Trata-se da lei de sementes e mudas que torna obrigatória uma série de procedimentos e documentações para a venda de sementes e mudas no Brasil. Se, por um lado, a lei se propõe a aplicar um sistema nacional de controle de qualidade de sementes e mudas com fiscalização, por outro, escancara as limitações para colocar tais exigências em prática, considerando a realidade das iniciativas e comunidades rurais. Esses cenários controversos trazem uma importante questão: como conseguir sementes e mudas legalizadas para a recuperação de áreas degradadas no Brasil?
A Rede de Sementes do Xingu incorporou a questão em sua atuação para estudar e propor um plano estratégico de adequação para que as sementes possam ser utilizadas. Para além de cumprir puramente as exigências burocráticas, a Rede partiu do princípio de que a melhor opção seria adequar-se à lei, o que traria ganhos efetivos na qualidade da produção e na gestão da iniciativa.
A adequação legal é um trabalho que exige tempo e formação, já que os seus reflexos incidem na gestão de toda a cadeia de produção de sementes. Há alguns anos, as questões legais estavam mais distantes das atividades e do trabalho dos coletores. Com a lei de sementes e mudas o cenário se alterou.
[...]
Hoje a Associação conquistou a sua inscrição no Registro Nacional de Sementes e Mudas (Renasem). “É inédito uma associação comunitária se credenciar para produzir sementes de acordo com a legislação vigente. Esse resultado é fruto da construção participativa, passo a passo. Espero que essa conquista possa encorajar outras iniciativas Brasil afora a seguir o mesmo caminho”, avalia Rodrigo Junqueira, coordenador do Programa Xingu.
(Adaptado de: www.socioambiental.org/pt-br/noticias-socioambientais/rede-de-sementes-do-xingu-formaliza-a-sua-producao. Acesso em: 13/04/2016)
O gráfico, no contexto em que está inserido,
considere os textos I e II, abaixo.
