Prova de 2023: Universidade Estadual do Ceará (UECE) — questões com gabarito

    Phone calls have been around for 147 years, the iPhone 16 years and FaceTime video voice mails about a week. Not surprisingly, how we make calls has changed drastically alongside advances in technology. Now people can have conversations in public on their smartwatches, see voice mails transcribed in real time and dial internationally midday without stressing about the cost.

    The phone norms also change quickly, causing some people to feel left behind or confused. The unwritten rules of chatting on the phone differ wildly between generations, leading to misunderstandings and frustration on all sides.

    We spoke to an etiquette expert and people of all ages about their own phone pet peeves to come up with the following guidance to help everyone navigate phone calls in 2023. These will vary depending on your relationship, your age and the context of the call. The closer you are to someone, the less the rules apply. Go ahead, FaceTime your mom with no warning while brushing your teeth.

    Tips to help you be a better phone caller:

    Voice mails are an artifact of the days before text messages. If you have information that needs to be communicated in an accurate, timely manner, you’re far better off putting it into writing as a text or email.

    The exceptions for the no-voice-mail rule are calling people who would love to hear your voice no matter what you’re saying, or sharing some kind of audio experience. Think besties and immediate family members singing happy birthday, a dispatch from friends at a Taylor Swift concert or a simple “I love you.”

    If you have a long juicy story you want to tell, consider sending it in a voice memo instead. It’s the best medium for a monologue.

    Calling someone without warning can feel stressful to the recipient. Instead, text them ahead of time to ask if they’re free to talk now, if they can you call when they’re free, or if they can pick a time they’d like to chat. If it’s someone you call regularly, find out what their ideal times are, like after work or only on Sunday afternoons.

    Wording and context are key for these pre-call texts. A simple “call me” text can feel urgent and make someone think there’s an emergency. Clarify if it’s urgent or just to catch-up. If it’s about a specific topic, mention it in the text what it is you’d like to talk about so they can be prepared.

    These steps are especially necessary for video calls. Catching someone on video at an unexpected time can be embarrassing for all involved. You should almost never start a FaceTime or other video call without warning.

    You don’t need to answer the phone. The responsibility isn’t only on the person dialing. Just because someone is calling you out of the blue does not mean you have to pick up. If you’re in a restaurant, using the bathroom or in a meeting, mute the call and get back to them at a convenient time. “We all have control of our phones and can decide if it’s the right time to answer it,” said Lizzie Post, etiquette expert and co-president at the Emily Post Institute.

    To be even more polite, send them a text. Smartphones will let you send an automated text response when you can’t answer.

    Many things don’t need to be a phone call at all. When you’re trying to decide on the best method of communication, consider what it is you want to say. Anything requiring nuance like opinions or emotional matters are best done over the phone, including arguments, catching up or connecting on a personal level. Factual updates, coordinating plans or anything that is more cut and dried often work best in writing. If something is complicated and will drag on too long as a text chain, go ahead and ask if they can talk.

    “Nobody has a good fight via text message,” says Post. “I get that sometimes it feels better to fight via text because you’re not actually confronting the person, but you get through it a lot faster on the phone.” If someone doesn’t answer your call, do not hang up and immediately call them again.

    If they have not responded to your text about the call they missed, do not send them an email about it. If it is an emergency, clearly state that right away in a text message.

    Voice mails are dead. Long live the video voice mail. Apple recently introduced a new feature in its iOS 17 update that lets you leave a video message when someone doesn’t answer your FaceTime call. It’s silly and fun and should be used that way, but keep in mind not everyone will find them delightful.

    It’s generally considered bad form to use speakerphone in public. Whether it’s a regular call, video call or smartwatch call, use headphones or save it for later. Headphones only solve half of the problem, however, as people still have to hear your side of the conversation. If you’re in a crowded area, like an office or store, be aware of other people’s personal space and your own volume.

    Video calls in public are also a sensitive issue. There are strangers around you who did not consent to being on camera, and they might also see something they’re not supposed to on your screen. Frame your shots accordingly.

    Phone calls aren’t dead! While hopping on the phone may be less common or involve more planning than it used to, it’s still a wonderful way to communicate. Talking to a person in real time can strengthen relationships, improve mental health and lessen loneliness.

Adapted from: https://www.washingtonpost.com/2023/09/25/

The author argues that among all forms of phone communication, the one that can be a frequent cause of embarrassment to the individuals involved is

    Phone calls have been around for 147 years, the iPhone 16 years and FaceTime video voice mails about a week. Not surprisingly, how we make calls has changed drastically alongside advances in technology. Now people can have conversations in public on their smartwatches, see voice mails transcribed in real time and dial internationally midday without stressing about the cost.

    The phone norms also change quickly, causing some people to feel left behind or confused. The unwritten rules of chatting on the phone differ wildly between generations, leading to misunderstandings and frustration on all sides.

    We spoke to an etiquette expert and people of all ages about their own phone pet peeves to come up with the following guidance to help everyone navigate phone calls in 2023. These will vary depending on your relationship, your age and the context of the call. The closer you are to someone, the less the rules apply. Go ahead, FaceTime your mom with no warning while brushing your teeth.

    Tips to help you be a better phone caller:

    Voice mails are an artifact of the days before text messages. If you have information that needs to be communicated in an accurate, timely manner, you’re far better off putting it into writing as a text or email.

    The exceptions for the no-voice-mail rule are calling people who would love to hear your voice no matter what you’re saying, or sharing some kind of audio experience. Think besties and immediate family members singing happy birthday, a dispatch from friends at a Taylor Swift concert or a simple “I love you.”

    If you have a long juicy story you want to tell, consider sending it in a voice memo instead. It’s the best medium for a monologue.

    Calling someone without warning can feel stressful to the recipient. Instead, text them ahead of time to ask if they’re free to talk now, if they can you call when they’re free, or if they can pick a time they’d like to chat. If it’s someone you call regularly, find out what their ideal times are, like after work or only on Sunday afternoons.

    Wording and context are key for these pre-call texts. A simple “call me” text can feel urgent and make someone think there’s an emergency. Clarify if it’s urgent or just to catch-up. If it’s about a specific topic, mention it in the text what it is you’d like to talk about so they can be prepared.

    These steps are especially necessary for video calls. Catching someone on video at an unexpected time can be embarrassing for all involved. You should almost never start a FaceTime or other video call without warning.

    You don’t need to answer the phone. The responsibility isn’t only on the person dialing. Just because someone is calling you out of the blue does not mean you have to pick up. If you’re in a restaurant, using the bathroom or in a meeting, mute the call and get back to them at a convenient time. “We all have control of our phones and can decide if it’s the right time to answer it,” said Lizzie Post, etiquette expert and co-president at the Emily Post Institute.

    To be even more polite, send them a text. Smartphones will let you send an automated text response when you can’t answer.

    Many things don’t need to be a phone call at all. When you’re trying to decide on the best method of communication, consider what it is you want to say. Anything requiring nuance like opinions or emotional matters are best done over the phone, including arguments, catching up or connecting on a personal level. Factual updates, coordinating plans or anything that is more cut and dried often work best in writing. If something is complicated and will drag on too long as a text chain, go ahead and ask if they can talk.

    “Nobody has a good fight via text message,” says Post. “I get that sometimes it feels better to fight via text because you’re not actually confronting the person, but you get through it a lot faster on the phone.” If someone doesn’t answer your call, do not hang up and immediately call them again.

    If they have not responded to your text about the call they missed, do not send them an email about it. If it is an emergency, clearly state that right away in a text message.

    Voice mails are dead. Long live the video voice mail. Apple recently introduced a new feature in its iOS 17 update that lets you leave a video message when someone doesn’t answer your FaceTime call. It’s silly and fun and should be used that way, but keep in mind not everyone will find them delightful.

    It’s generally considered bad form to use speakerphone in public. Whether it’s a regular call, video call or smartwatch call, use headphones or save it for later. Headphones only solve half of the problem, however, as people still have to hear your side of the conversation. If you’re in a crowded area, like an office or store, be aware of other people’s personal space and your own volume.

    Video calls in public are also a sensitive issue. There are strangers around you who did not consent to being on camera, and they might also see something they’re not supposed to on your screen. Frame your shots accordingly.

    Phone calls aren’t dead! While hopping on the phone may be less common or involve more planning than it used to, it’s still a wonderful way to communicate. Talking to a person in real time can strengthen relationships, improve mental health and lessen loneliness.

Adapted from: https://www.washingtonpost.com/2023/09/25/

As to the rapid changes in the implicit rules/norms of phone communication, some people may feel bewildered and misunderstood, and this frequently happens when there is a

    Phone calls have been around for 147 years, the iPhone 16 years and FaceTime video voice mails about a week. Not surprisingly, how we make calls has changed drastically alongside advances in technology. Now people can have conversations in public on their smartwatches, see voice mails transcribed in real time and dial internationally midday without stressing about the cost.

    The phone norms also change quickly, causing some people to feel left behind or confused. The unwritten rules of chatting on the phone differ wildly between generations, leading to misunderstandings and frustration on all sides.

    We spoke to an etiquette expert and people of all ages about their own phone pet peeves to come up with the following guidance to help everyone navigate phone calls in 2023. These will vary depending on your relationship, your age and the context of the call. The closer you are to someone, the less the rules apply. Go ahead, FaceTime your mom with no warning while brushing your teeth.

    Tips to help you be a better phone caller:

    Voice mails are an artifact of the days before text messages. If you have information that needs to be communicated in an accurate, timely manner, you’re far better off putting it into writing as a text or email.

    The exceptions for the no-voice-mail rule are calling people who would love to hear your voice no matter what you’re saying, or sharing some kind of audio experience. Think besties and immediate family members singing happy birthday, a dispatch from friends at a Taylor Swift concert or a simple “I love you.”

    If you have a long juicy story you want to tell, consider sending it in a voice memo instead. It’s the best medium for a monologue.

    Calling someone without warning can feel stressful to the recipient. Instead, text them ahead of time to ask if they’re free to talk now, if they can you call when they’re free, or if they can pick a time they’d like to chat. If it’s someone you call regularly, find out what their ideal times are, like after work or only on Sunday afternoons.

    Wording and context are key for these pre-call texts. A simple “call me” text can feel urgent and make someone think there’s an emergency. Clarify if it’s urgent or just to catch-up. If it’s about a specific topic, mention it in the text what it is you’d like to talk about so they can be prepared.

    These steps are especially necessary for video calls. Catching someone on video at an unexpected time can be embarrassing for all involved. You should almost never start a FaceTime or other video call without warning.

    You don’t need to answer the phone. The responsibility isn’t only on the person dialing. Just because someone is calling you out of the blue does not mean you have to pick up. If you’re in a restaurant, using the bathroom or in a meeting, mute the call and get back to them at a convenient time. “We all have control of our phones and can decide if it’s the right time to answer it,” said Lizzie Post, etiquette expert and co-president at the Emily Post Institute.

    To be even more polite, send them a text. Smartphones will let you send an automated text response when you can’t answer.

    Many things don’t need to be a phone call at all. When you’re trying to decide on the best method of communication, consider what it is you want to say. Anything requiring nuance like opinions or emotional matters are best done over the phone, including arguments, catching up or connecting on a personal level. Factual updates, coordinating plans or anything that is more cut and dried often work best in writing. If something is complicated and will drag on too long as a text chain, go ahead and ask if they can talk.

    “Nobody has a good fight via text message,” says Post. “I get that sometimes it feels better to fight via text because you’re not actually confronting the person, but you get through it a lot faster on the phone.” If someone doesn’t answer your call, do not hang up and immediately call them again.

    If they have not responded to your text about the call they missed, do not send them an email about it. If it is an emergency, clearly state that right away in a text message.

    Voice mails are dead. Long live the video voice mail. Apple recently introduced a new feature in its iOS 17 update that lets you leave a video message when someone doesn’t answer your FaceTime call. It’s silly and fun and should be used that way, but keep in mind not everyone will find them delightful.

    It’s generally considered bad form to use speakerphone in public. Whether it’s a regular call, video call or smartwatch call, use headphones or save it for later. Headphones only solve half of the problem, however, as people still have to hear your side of the conversation. If you’re in a crowded area, like an office or store, be aware of other people’s personal space and your own volume.

    Video calls in public are also a sensitive issue. There are strangers around you who did not consent to being on camera, and they might also see something they’re not supposed to on your screen. Frame your shots accordingly.

    Phone calls aren’t dead! While hopping on the phone may be less common or involve more planning than it used to, it’s still a wonderful way to communicate. Talking to a person in real time can strengthen relationships, improve mental health and lessen loneliness.

Adapted from: https://www.washingtonpost.com/2023/09/25/

Besides talking to an expert on etiquette, the author mentions that other groups of individuals provided information for the writing of the guiding tips presented in the text, who were

    Phone calls have been around for 147 years, the iPhone 16 years and FaceTime video voice mails about a week. Not surprisingly, how we make calls has changed drastically alongside advances in technology. Now people can have conversations in public on their smartwatches, see voice mails transcribed in real time and dial internationally midday without stressing about the cost.

    The phone norms also change quickly, causing some people to feel left behind or confused. The unwritten rules of chatting on the phone differ wildly between generations, leading to misunderstandings and frustration on all sides.

    We spoke to an etiquette expert and people of all ages about their own phone pet peeves to come up with the following guidance to help everyone navigate phone calls in 2023. These will vary depending on your relationship, your age and the context of the call. The closer you are to someone, the less the rules apply. Go ahead, FaceTime your mom with no warning while brushing your teeth.

    Tips to help you be a better phone caller:

    Voice mails are an artifact of the days before text messages. If you have information that needs to be communicated in an accurate, timely manner, you’re far better off putting it into writing as a text or email.

    The exceptions for the no-voice-mail rule are calling people who would love to hear your voice no matter what you’re saying, or sharing some kind of audio experience. Think besties and immediate family members singing happy birthday, a dispatch from friends at a Taylor Swift concert or a simple “I love you.”

    If you have a long juicy story you want to tell, consider sending it in a voice memo instead. It’s the best medium for a monologue.

    Calling someone without warning can feel stressful to the recipient. Instead, text them ahead of time to ask if they’re free to talk now, if they can you call when they’re free, or if they can pick a time they’d like to chat. If it’s someone you call regularly, find out what their ideal times are, like after work or only on Sunday afternoons.

    Wording and context are key for these pre-call texts. A simple “call me” text can feel urgent and make someone think there’s an emergency. Clarify if it’s urgent or just to catch-up. If it’s about a specific topic, mention it in the text what it is you’d like to talk about so they can be prepared.

    These steps are especially necessary for video calls. Catching someone on video at an unexpected time can be embarrassing for all involved. You should almost never start a FaceTime or other video call without warning.

    You don’t need to answer the phone. The responsibility isn’t only on the person dialing. Just because someone is calling you out of the blue does not mean you have to pick up. If you’re in a restaurant, using the bathroom or in a meeting, mute the call and get back to them at a convenient time. “We all have control of our phones and can decide if it’s the right time to answer it,” said Lizzie Post, etiquette expert and co-president at the Emily Post Institute.

    To be even more polite, send them a text. Smartphones will let you send an automated text response when you can’t answer.

    Many things don’t need to be a phone call at all. When you’re trying to decide on the best method of communication, consider what it is you want to say. Anything requiring nuance like opinions or emotional matters are best done over the phone, including arguments, catching up or connecting on a personal level. Factual updates, coordinating plans or anything that is more cut and dried often work best in writing. If something is complicated and will drag on too long as a text chain, go ahead and ask if they can talk.

    “Nobody has a good fight via text message,” says Post. “I get that sometimes it feels better to fight via text because you’re not actually confronting the person, but you get through it a lot faster on the phone.” If someone doesn’t answer your call, do not hang up and immediately call them again.

    If they have not responded to your text about the call they missed, do not send them an email about it. If it is an emergency, clearly state that right away in a text message.

    Voice mails are dead. Long live the video voice mail. Apple recently introduced a new feature in its iOS 17 update that lets you leave a video message when someone doesn’t answer your FaceTime call. It’s silly and fun and should be used that way, but keep in mind not everyone will find them delightful.

    It’s generally considered bad form to use speakerphone in public. Whether it’s a regular call, video call or smartwatch call, use headphones or save it for later. Headphones only solve half of the problem, however, as people still have to hear your side of the conversation. If you’re in a crowded area, like an office or store, be aware of other people’s personal space and your own volume.

    Video calls in public are also a sensitive issue. There are strangers around you who did not consent to being on camera, and they might also see something they’re not supposed to on your screen. Frame your shots accordingly.

    Phone calls aren’t dead! While hopping on the phone may be less common or involve more planning than it used to, it’s still a wonderful way to communicate. Talking to a person in real time can strengthen relationships, improve mental health and lessen loneliness.

Adapted from: https://www.washingtonpost.com/2023/09/25/

When calling a person who does not answer, the suggestion presented in the text is that the caller

    Phone calls have been around for 147 years, the iPhone 16 years and FaceTime video voice mails about a week. Not surprisingly, how we make calls has changed drastically alongside advances in technology. Now people can have conversations in public on their smartwatches, see voice mails transcribed in real time and dial internationally midday without stressing about the cost.

    The phone norms also change quickly, causing some people to feel left behind or confused. The unwritten rules of chatting on the phone differ wildly between generations, leading to misunderstandings and frustration on all sides.

    We spoke to an etiquette expert and people of all ages about their own phone pet peeves to come up with the following guidance to help everyone navigate phone calls in 2023. These will vary depending on your relationship, your age and the context of the call. The closer you are to someone, the less the rules apply. Go ahead, FaceTime your mom with no warning while brushing your teeth.

    Tips to help you be a better phone caller:

    Voice mails are an artifact of the days before text messages. If you have information that needs to be communicated in an accurate, timely manner, you’re far better off putting it into writing as a text or email.

    The exceptions for the no-voice-mail rule are calling people who would love to hear your voice no matter what you’re saying, or sharing some kind of audio experience. Think besties and immediate family members singing happy birthday, a dispatch from friends at a Taylor Swift concert or a simple “I love you.”

    If you have a long juicy story you want to tell, consider sending it in a voice memo instead. It’s the best medium for a monologue.

    Calling someone without warning can feel stressful to the recipient. Instead, text them ahead of time to ask if they’re free to talk now, if they can you call when they’re free, or if they can pick a time they’d like to chat. If it’s someone you call regularly, find out what their ideal times are, like after work or only on Sunday afternoons.

    Wording and context are key for these pre-call texts. A simple “call me” text can feel urgent and make someone think there’s an emergency. Clarify if it’s urgent or just to catch-up. If it’s about a specific topic, mention it in the text what it is you’d like to talk about so they can be prepared.

    These steps are especially necessary for video calls. Catching someone on video at an unexpected time can be embarrassing for all involved. You should almost never start a FaceTime or other video call without warning.

    You don’t need to answer the phone. The responsibility isn’t only on the person dialing. Just because someone is calling you out of the blue does not mean you have to pick up. If you’re in a restaurant, using the bathroom or in a meeting, mute the call and get back to them at a convenient time. “We all have control of our phones and can decide if it’s the right time to answer it,” said Lizzie Post, etiquette expert and co-president at the Emily Post Institute.

    To be even more polite, send them a text. Smartphones will let you send an automated text response when you can’t answer.

    Many things don’t need to be a phone call at all. When you’re trying to decide on the best method of communication, consider what it is you want to say. Anything requiring nuance like opinions or emotional matters are best done over the phone, including arguments, catching up or connecting on a personal level. Factual updates, coordinating plans or anything that is more cut and dried often work best in writing. If something is complicated and will drag on too long as a text chain, go ahead and ask if they can talk.

    “Nobody has a good fight via text message,” says Post. “I get that sometimes it feels better to fight via text because you’re not actually confronting the person, but you get through it a lot faster on the phone.” If someone doesn’t answer your call, do not hang up and immediately call them again.

    If they have not responded to your text about the call they missed, do not send them an email about it. If it is an emergency, clearly state that right away in a text message.

    Voice mails are dead. Long live the video voice mail. Apple recently introduced a new feature in its iOS 17 update that lets you leave a video message when someone doesn’t answer your FaceTime call. It’s silly and fun and should be used that way, but keep in mind not everyone will find them delightful.

    It’s generally considered bad form to use speakerphone in public. Whether it’s a regular call, video call or smartwatch call, use headphones or save it for later. Headphones only solve half of the problem, however, as people still have to hear your side of the conversation. If you’re in a crowded area, like an office or store, be aware of other people’s personal space and your own volume.

    Video calls in public are also a sensitive issue. There are strangers around you who did not consent to being on camera, and they might also see something they’re not supposed to on your screen. Frame your shots accordingly.

    Phone calls aren’t dead! While hopping on the phone may be less common or involve more planning than it used to, it’s still a wonderful way to communicate. Talking to a person in real time can strengthen relationships, improve mental health and lessen loneliness.

Adapted from: https://www.washingtonpost.com/2023/09/25/

When considering the use of speakerphone amongst other people, the author of the text makes the point against it and argues that headphones, instead, could be used, but that would be only a partial solution because 

    Phone calls have been around for 147 years, the iPhone 16 years and FaceTime video voice mails about a week. Not surprisingly, how we make calls has changed drastically alongside advances in technology. Now people can have conversations in public on their smartwatches, see voice mails transcribed in real time and dial internationally midday without stressing about the cost.

    The phone norms also change quickly, causing some people to feel left behind or confused. The unwritten rules of chatting on the phone differ wildly between generations, leading to misunderstandings and frustration on all sides.

    We spoke to an etiquette expert and people of all ages about their own phone pet peeves to come up with the following guidance to help everyone navigate phone calls in 2023. These will vary depending on your relationship, your age and the context of the call. The closer you are to someone, the less the rules apply. Go ahead, FaceTime your mom with no warning while brushing your teeth.

    Tips to help you be a better phone caller:

    Voice mails are an artifact of the days before text messages. If you have information that needs to be communicated in an accurate, timely manner, you’re far better off putting it into writing as a text or email.

    The exceptions for the no-voice-mail rule are calling people who would love to hear your voice no matter what you’re saying, or sharing some kind of audio experience. Think besties and immediate family members singing happy birthday, a dispatch from friends at a Taylor Swift concert or a simple “I love you.”

    If you have a long juicy story you want to tell, consider sending it in a voice memo instead. It’s the best medium for a monologue.

    Calling someone without warning can feel stressful to the recipient. Instead, text them ahead of time to ask if they’re free to talk now, if they can you call when they’re free, or if they can pick a time they’d like to chat. If it’s someone you call regularly, find out what their ideal times are, like after work or only on Sunday afternoons.

    Wording and context are key for these pre-call texts. A simple “call me” text can feel urgent and make someone think there’s an emergency. Clarify if it’s urgent or just to catch-up. If it’s about a specific topic, mention it in the text what it is you’d like to talk about so they can be prepared.

    These steps are especially necessary for video calls. Catching someone on video at an unexpected time can be embarrassing for all involved. You should almost never start a FaceTime or other video call without warning.

    You don’t need to answer the phone. The responsibility isn’t only on the person dialing. Just because someone is calling you out of the blue does not mean you have to pick up. If you’re in a restaurant, using the bathroom or in a meeting, mute the call and get back to them at a convenient time. “We all have control of our phones and can decide if it’s the right time to answer it,” said Lizzie Post, etiquette expert and co-president at the Emily Post Institute.

    To be even more polite, send them a text. Smartphones will let you send an automated text response when you can’t answer.

    Many things don’t need to be a phone call at all. When you’re trying to decide on the best method of communication, consider what it is you want to say. Anything requiring nuance like opinions or emotional matters are best done over the phone, including arguments, catching up or connecting on a personal level. Factual updates, coordinating plans or anything that is more cut and dried often work best in writing. If something is complicated and will drag on too long as a text chain, go ahead and ask if they can talk.

    “Nobody has a good fight via text message,” says Post. “I get that sometimes it feels better to fight via text because you’re not actually confronting the person, but you get through it a lot faster on the phone.” If someone doesn’t answer your call, do not hang up and immediately call them again.

    If they have not responded to your text about the call they missed, do not send them an email about it. If it is an emergency, clearly state that right away in a text message.

    Voice mails are dead. Long live the video voice mail. Apple recently introduced a new feature in its iOS 17 update that lets you leave a video message when someone doesn’t answer your FaceTime call. It’s silly and fun and should be used that way, but keep in mind not everyone will find them delightful.

    It’s generally considered bad form to use speakerphone in public. Whether it’s a regular call, video call or smartwatch call, use headphones or save it for later. Headphones only solve half of the problem, however, as people still have to hear your side of the conversation. If you’re in a crowded area, like an office or store, be aware of other people’s personal space and your own volume.

    Video calls in public are also a sensitive issue. There are strangers around you who did not consent to being on camera, and they might also see something they’re not supposed to on your screen. Frame your shots accordingly.

    Phone calls aren’t dead! While hopping on the phone may be less common or involve more planning than it used to, it’s still a wonderful way to communicate. Talking to a person in real time can strengthen relationships, improve mental health and lessen loneliness.

Adapted from: https://www.washingtonpost.com/2023/09/25/

According to the text, conversations on the telephone can, among other aspects,

Atente para o seguinte excerto: “[...] O golpe de estado, na grande maioria dos casos, é uma reação contra as soluções revolucionárias ou reformistas, em andamento ou projetadas. Por isso, envolve a restauração e o endurecimento de estruturas arcaicas. Isto é, o golpe de estado sempre inaugura um estilo de poder autoritário e implica na cristalização da estrutura de apropriação”.

(IANNI, Octavio. O colapso do populismo no Brasil. Rio de Janeiro: Civilização Brasileira, 1968.)

Com base nesse texto de Ianni, assinale a afirmação verdadeira.

Charles Wright Mills, sociólogo norte-americano que produziu sua obra entre os anos 1940 e 1950, buscava estudar, a partir dos conceitos de classe social e status, os processos, estratégias e mecanismos de dominação em uma sociedade. Mills em suas pesquisas demonstrava as lógicas sociais das estruturas de poder e como estas eram mantidas pelas elites norte-americanas para a manutenção da sociedade que lhes favorecia.

Considerando essa perspectiva de Mills, avalie as seguintes proposições sociológicas:

I. As elites são compostas por pessoas cujas posições de classe social lhes permitem influenciar e tomar decisões que afetam toda a sociedade.

II. As elites do poder não são solitárias e necessitam de conselheiros, políticos e formadores de opinião para capitanearem seus interesses e escolhas.

III. O status social das elites tem uma íntima relação com a posição na estrutura social e com o reconhecimento de que são uma classe superior na sociedade.

IV. Os estratos sociais dominantes conseguem se manter como elite do poder porque buscam uniões matrimoniais com todas as outras classes sociais.

É correto o que se afirma em

“Em Genebra, a porta-voz do Escritório de Direitos Humanos, Ravina Shamdasani, ainda destacou as ‘noites aterrorizantes e sem sono que as pessoas passam ao ar livre, enquanto os ataques aéreos continuam’. Segundo ela, o uso por Israel de armas explosivas com efeitos em áreas extensas densamente povoadas causou grandes danos à infraestrutura civil e perda de vidas civis e podem configurar uma violação do direito internacional humanitário. A representante da ONU ainda ressaltou que as pessoas são forçadas a se abrigar em condições cada vez mais precárias; superlotadas, com saneamento deficiente e água potável insegura, trazendo o espectro de um surto de doenças. [...] Ravina Shamdasani destacou que a punição coletiva é um crime de guerra. A punição coletiva de Israel contra toda a população de Gaza deve cessar imediatamente. O uso de linguagem desumanizante contra os palestinos também deve ser interrompido.”

(ONU News. Moradores de Gaza estão encurralados com bombardeios nas rotas de evacuação. Disponível em: https://news.un.org/pt/story/2023/10/1822532. Adaptado.)

Na passagem acima, está pressuposta uma concepção filosófica moderna da universalização da condição humana. Quanto à guerra, essa concepção se expressa da seguinte forma:

Em sua Suma Teológica (Questão 57, Art. 2º, citação adaptada), Tomás de Aquino afirma:

“[...] o que é direito ou que é o justo implica uma obra adequada a outra por algum modo de igualdade. Ora, de dois modos pode uma coisa ser adequada a um homem:

- de um modo, pela natureza mesma da coisa; por exemplo, quando alguém dá tanto para receber tanto.

- de outro modo, uma coisa é adequada ou proporcionada a outra, em virtude de uma convenção ou de comum acordo; [...] por convenção pública, por exemplo, quando todo o povo consente que uma coisa seja tida como que adequada e proporcionada a outra; ou quando o príncipe, que governa o povo e o representa, assim o ordena”.

Esses dois modos de direito ou de justiça são, respectivamente, denominados

Em relação aos conceitos ecológicos, é correto afirmar que

Em relação aos tecidos animais, escreva V ou F conforme seja verdadeiro ou falso o que se afirma nos itens abaixo.

( ) As células ósseas são chamadas de condroblastos e condrócitos, cuja função é a sustentação.

( ) Quando o tecido conjuntivo é constituído por células que armazenam gordura, é denominado tecido adiposo.

( ) Os tecidos epiteliais são ricos em substância intercelular e exercem várias funções como preenchimento, sustentação, nutrição e defesa.

( ) O batimento do coração e os movimentos peristálticos do esôfago, do estômago e dos intestinos são possíveis pela ação do tecido muscular.

Está correta, de cima para baixo, a seguinte sequência:

Considerando a diversidade dos moluscos, é correto afirmar que

O princípio da exclusão competitiva de Gause estabelece que

Considerando as leis de Mendel e alguns conceitos básicos de genética, analise as seguintes proposições:

I. A lei da segregação dos fatores determina que uma característica se segrega durante a formação dos gametas, de modo que cada gameta contenha apenas um fator, por isso, os gametas são puros em relação a cada um dos fatores.

II. Dois indivíduos que tenham o mesmo genótipo podem apresentar diferenças fenotípicas.

III. Denominam-se homozigoto dominante quando os dois alelos são dominantes, homozigoto recessivo quando os dois alelos são recessivos e heterozigoto quando um alelo é dominante e o outro é recessivo.

IV. A cor da ervilha é um exemplo de dominância completa onde o alelo V determina a cor amarela e v a cor verde. Assim, a probabilidade de indivíduos heterozigotos originarem sementes amarelas é de 25%.

É correto o que se afirma em

Gaga germanotta F. W. Li & Windham é o nome científico de uma pteridófita que foi assim designada em homenagem à cantora Lady Gaga. Considerando as regras de nomenclatura botânica, escreva V ou F conforme seja verdadeiro ou falso o que se afirma a seguir.

( ) Gaga germanotta é o nome científico da espécie.

( ) Gaga é o epíteto que designa a família botânica.

( ) O epíteto germanotta designa a categoria taxonômica de gênero.

( ) F. W. Li & Windham são os autores que descreveram a espécie.

Está correta, de cima para baixo, a seguinte sequência:

No que diz respeito ao aparelho circulatório humano, assinale a afirmação verdadeira.

DADOS QUE PODEM SER USADOS NESTA PROVA

Considerando que o calor latente de fusão do gelo é 80 cal/g, é correto dizer que a variação de entropia que ocorre na fusão de 2 kg de gelo é, aproximadamente,

DADOS QUE PODEM SER USADOS NESTA PROVA

As folhas de cansanção (Jatropha urens), um tipo mais agressivo de urtiga, possuem pelos que, em contato com a pele, injetam ácido fórmico, histamina e acetilcolina, provocando irritação, ardência e dores localizadas. Para minimizar os danos causados e arrefecer as dores causadas pela urtiga na pele, o procedimento mais imediato e eficaz é

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Efetuou-se a configuração eletrônica, em seu estado fundamental, de determinado elemento químico, cujos dados foram: nível 1 = completo; nível 2 = completo; nível 3 = completo; nível 4 = 18 elétrons; nível 5 = 6 elétrons. Assim, é correto afirmar que esse elemento químico é o