Prova de 2015: Centro de Estudos Superiores de Maceió - Centro Universitário — questões com gabarito

As Feiras Medievais foram os núcleos iniciais de um movimento reconhecido historicamente como Renascimento Comercial e Urbano que se alastrou pela Europa, do século XII ao XV. Relacionados a esse movimento estão:

1) as Guildas e as Corporações de Ofício.

2) o surgimento dos feudos e a extinção do trabalho servil.

3) o trabalho fabril e novas formas de troca de mercadorias.

4) as migrações rurais e o surgimento de novas rotas comerciais .

5) a criação de novas ordens monásticas e instituições financeiras

Estão corretas apenas 

Read the text below and answer following four questions according to it.

How stress affects your health

Stress: We've all felt it. Sometimes stress can be a positive force, motivating you to perform well at your piano recital or job interview. But often — like when you're stuck in traffic — it's a negative force. If you experience stress over a prolonged period of time, it could become chronic — unless you take action.

Even short-lived, minor stress can have an impact. You might get a stomach-ache before you have to give a presentation, for example. More major acute stress, whether caused by a fight with your spouse or an event like an earthquake or terrorist attack, can have an even bigger impact.

Multiple studies have shown that these sudden emotional stresses — especially anger — can trigger heart attacks, arrhythmias and even sudden death.

When stress starts interfering with your ability to live a normal life for an extended period, it becomes even more dangerous. The longer the stress lasts, the worse it is for both your mind and body. You might feel fatigued, unable to concentrate or irritable for no good reason, for example. But chronic stress causes wear and tear on your body, too.

Stress can make existing problems worse. In one study, for example, about half the participants saw improvements in chronic headaches after learning how to stop the stressproducing habit of “catastrophizing,” or constantly thinking negative thoughts about their pain. Chronic stress may also cause disease, either because of changes in your body or the overeating, smoking and other bad habits people use to cope with stress. Other forms of chronic stress, such as depression and low levels of social support, have also been implicated in increased cardiovascular risk. And once you're sick, stress can also make it harder to recover. One analysis of past studies, for instance, suggests that cardiac patients with so-called “Type D” personalities — characterized by chronic distress — face higher risks of bad outcomes.

Adaptado de: <http://www.apa.org/helpcenter/stress.aspx>

Acessado em 01 de maio de 2015.

Read the text below and answer following four questions according to it.

How stress affects your health

Stress: We've all felt it. Sometimes stress can be a positive force, motivating you to perform well at your piano recital or job interview. But often — like when you're stuck in traffic — it's a negative force. If you experience stress over a prolonged period of time, it could become chronic — unless you take action.

Even short-lived, minor stress can have an impact. You might get a stomach-ache before you have to give a presentation, for example. More major acute stress, whether caused by a fight with your spouse or an event like an earthquake or terrorist attack, can have an even bigger impact.

Multiple studies have shown that these sudden emotional stresses — especially anger — can trigger heart attacks, arrhythmias and even sudden death.

When stress starts interfering with your ability to live a normal life for an extended period, it becomes even more dangerous. The longer the stress lasts, the worse it is for both your mind and body. You might feel fatigued, unable to concentrate or irritable for no good reason, for example. But chronic stress causes wear and tear on your body, too.

Stress can make existing problems worse. In one study, for example, about half the participants saw improvements in chronic headaches after learning how to stop the stressproducing habit of “catastrophizing,” or constantly thinking negative thoughts about their pain. Chronic stress may also cause disease, either because of changes in your body or the overeating, smoking and other bad habits people use to cope with stress. Other forms of chronic stress, such as depression and low levels of social support, have also been implicated in increased cardiovascular risk. And once you're sick, stress can also make it harder to recover. One analysis of past studies, for instance, suggests that cardiac patients with so-called “Type D” personalities — characterized by chronic distress — face higher risks of bad outcomes.

Adaptado de: <http://www.apa.org/helpcenter/stress.aspx>

Acessado em 01 de maio de 2015.

Read the text below and answer following four questions according to it.

How stress affects your health

Stress: We've all felt it. Sometimes stress can be a positive force, motivating you to perform well at your piano recital or job interview. But often — like when you're stuck in traffic — it's a negative force. If you experience stress over a prolonged period of time, it could become chronic — unless you take action.

Even short-lived, minor stress can have an impact. You might get a stomach-ache before you have to give a presentation, for example. More major acute stress, whether caused by a fight with your spouse or an event like an earthquake or terrorist attack, can have an even bigger impact.

Multiple studies have shown that these sudden emotional stresses — especially anger — can trigger heart attacks, arrhythmias and even sudden death.

When stress starts interfering with your ability to live a normal life for an extended period, it becomes even more dangerous. The longer the stress lasts, the worse it is for both your mind and body. You might feel fatigued, unable to concentrate or irritable for no good reason, for example. But chronic stress causes wear and tear on your body, too.

Stress can make existing problems worse. In one study, for example, about half the participants saw improvements in chronic headaches after learning how to stop the stressproducing habit of “catastrophizing,” or constantly thinking negative thoughts about their pain. Chronic stress may also cause disease, either because of changes in your body or the overeating, smoking and other bad habits people use to cope with stress. Other forms of chronic stress, such as depression and low levels of social support, have also been implicated in increased cardiovascular risk. And once you're sick, stress can also make it harder to recover. One analysis of past studies, for instance, suggests that cardiac patients with so-called “Type D” personalities — characterized by chronic distress — face higher risks of bad outcomes.

Adaptado de: <http://www.apa.org/helpcenter/stress.aspx>

Acessado em 01 de maio de 2015.

TEXTO 2

As histórias em quadrinhos constituem um gênero de texto que, como todos os outros, têm a sua função comunicativa. Analisando a historinha acima, podemos afirmar que:

1) há um propósito de fazer humor, que está contido no clímax do episódio, quando Mafalda descreve para a professora seu último infortúnio.

2) a sequência de episódios que antecedem o último problema funciona como um contexto prévio pelo qual se possa reconhecer o último como 'outro desastre'.

3) as expressões que indicam 'tempo' são, na historinha em análise, fundamentais para se estabelecer o fluxo dos episódios.

4) no diálogo, a aluna1 usa uma linguagem contundente, meio arrogante, até, que contraria as normas sociais adequadas a situações análogas.

Estão corretas:

TEXTO 1

TEXTO 1

TEXTO 1

TEXTO 1

 Como ideia secundária, o Texto 1 admite que:

1) as línguas são flexíveis; mudam por razões históricas e culturais.

2) as metas da comunicação, dentro de uma situação específica, é se mostrar eficaz naquilo que se vai falar ou escrever.

3) vale ter cuidado para que a constância no uso de certos termos não comprometa o rigor da linguagem científica.

4) falta nas ciências médicas um "padrão-ouro", que lhe confira precisão e rigor, como acontece em outros domínios da atividade social.

5) a linguagem, apesar da sua generalidade de função, tem características próprias na dependência da cada contexto de uso.

Estão corretas:

TEXTO 1

TEXTO 1