Questões do ENEM: Linguagens e nível muito difícil

Resultados

363 questões encontradas. Mostrando a página 9 de 19.

• DF270D4F-B0

  Inglês

  Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehensionUFT · 2013Muito difícilEntre para guardar nos favoritos

  Read the text below to answer question.
  

  
  

  Whaling Today

  By Meghan E. Marrero and Stuart Thornton

  Tuesday, November 1, 2011

  
  

       In 1946, several countries joined to form the International Whaling Commission (IWC). The IWC’s purpose is to prevent overhunting of whales. Its original regulations, however, were loose, and quotas were high. Whale stocks continued to decline. The IWC eventually established whaling-free sanctuaries in the Indian Ocean (1979) and the ocean surrounding Antarctica (1994).

      The IWC called for a moratorium on commercial whaling in 1982. Both Japan and Norway voted against this policy. Today, Norway supports hunting minke whales for meat. Japan allows whaling for scientific purposes, although many experts question if more whales are taken than are necessary. Meat from whales killed for research is sold as food. 

       Many species of whale have benefitted from the IWC’s moratorium. Dave Weller, a research biologist at NOAA’s Southwest Fisheries Science Center in La Jolla, California, says the eastern Pacific gray whale population has recovered.

       “I think there is pretty good evidence that a moratorium on hunting has allowed certain populations to recover from depleted status when they were being whaled,” he says.

       According to Weller, the IWC’s moratorium on whale hunting is one of two major steps the organization is taking.

       “The other thing that the IWC has very successfully done is to collect information and provide analysis of data to help us understand the status of various populations that in some cases we knew very little about,” he says.

        Despite the general moratorium, limited whaling is permitted to indigenous cultures.

       “In the United States, the Inuit Eskimos in the north slope of Alaska, in Barrow, Alaska, still hunt for bowhead whales,” Weller says. “There is a request by the Makah Indian tribe, which is in northern Washington state, to resume gray whale hunting, which they had traditionally done. But that’s pending deliberations right now.”

  
  

  Source: http://education.nationalgeographic.com/education/news/ (Adapted)
  

  According to the text, judge the items below as true (T) or false (F).

  
  

  I. In 1946, a group of national governments formed the IWC in order to collaborate with the killing and hunting of whales for commercial purposes.

  II. The original regulations of IWC were not really helpful.

  III. The IWC does not make any exception for whaling.

  IV. The IWC requested a moratorium on commercial whaling in 1982.

  V. Japan and Norway completely agreed with the policy proposed by IWC.

  
  

  Mark the correct option.
  

  Escolha uma alternativa para a questão df270d4f-b0

  A

  T, T, F, F, F 

  B

  F, T, F, T, F  

  C

  F, F, F, T, T 

  D

  T, F, T, T, F

  E

  T, F, F, F, T 

  Responder
• 4E675B3A-AF

  Inglês

  Análise sintática | Syntax ParsingUECE · 2013Muito difícilEntre para guardar nos favoritos

  TEXT

     

     HARVARD BUSINESS REVIEW calls data science “the sexiest job in the 21st century,” and by most accounts this hot new field promises to revolutionize industries from business to government, health care to academia. 

     The field has been spawned by the enormous amounts of data that modern technologies create — be it the online behavior of Facebook users, tissue samples of cancer patients, purchasing habits of grocery shoppers or crime statistics of cities. Data scientists are the magicians of the Big Data era. They crunch the data, use mathematical models to analyze it and create narratives or visualizations to explain it, then suggest how to use the information to make decisions. 

       In the last few years, dozens of programs under a variety of names have sprung up in response to the excitement about Big Data, not to mention the six-figure salaries for some recent graduates. In the fall, Columbia will offer new master’s and certificate programs heavy on data. The University of San Francisco will soon graduate its charter class of students with a master’s in analytics.

        Rachel Schutt, a senior research scientist at Johnson Research Labs, taught “Introduction to Data Science” last semester at Columbia (its first course with “data science” in the title). She described the data scientist this way: “a hybrid computer scientist software engineer statistician.” And added: “The best tend to be really curious people, thinkers who ask good questions and are O.K. dealing with unstructured situations and trying to find structure in them.”

        Eurry Kim, a 30-year-old “wannabe data scientist,” is studying at Columbia for a master’s in quantitative methods in the social sciences and plans to use her degree for government service. She discovered the possibilities while working as a corporate tax analyst at the Internal Revenue Service. She might, for example, analyze tax return data to develop algorithms that flag fraudulent filings, or cull national security databases to spot suspicious activity.

       Some of her classmates are hoping to apply their skills to e-commerce, where data about users’ browsing history is gold.

       “This is a generation of kids that grew up with data science around them — Netflix telling them what movies they should watch, Amazon telling them what books they should read — so this is an academic interest with real-world applications,” said Chris Wiggins, a professor of applied mathematics at Columbia who is involved in its new Institute for Data Sciences and Engineering. “And,” he added, “they know it will make them employable.”

    Universities can hardly turn out data scientists fast enough. To meet demand from employers, the United States will need to increase the number of graduates with skills handling large amounts of data by as much as 60 percent, according to a report by McKinsey Global Institute. There will be almost half a million jobs in five years, and a shortage of up to 190,000 qualified data scientists, plus a need for 1.5 million executives and support staff who have an understanding of data.

        Because data science is so new, universities are scrambling to define it and develop curriculums. As an academic field, it cuts across disciplines, with courses in statistics, analytics, computer science and math, coupled with the specialty a student wants to analyze, from patterns in marine life to historical texts.

      With the sheer volume, variety and speed of data today, as well as developing technologies, programs are more than a repackaging of existing courses. “Data science is emerging as an academic discipline, defined not by a mere amalgamation of interdisciplinary fields but as a body of knowledge, a set of professional practices, a professional organization and a set of ethical responsibilities,” said Christopher Starr, chairman of the computer science department at the College of Charleston, one of a few institutions offering data science at the undergraduate level.

       Most master’s degree programs in data science require basic programming skills. They start with what Ms. Schutt describes as the “boring” part — scraping and cleaning raw data and “getting it into a nice table where you can actually analyze it.” Many use data sets provided by businesses or government, and pass back their results. Some host competitions to see which student can come up with the best solution to a company’s problem.

       Studying a Web user’s data has privacy implications. Using data to decide someone’s eligibility for a line of credit or health insurance, or even recommending who they friend on Facebook, can affect their lives. “We’re building these models that have impact on human life,” Ms. Schutt said. “How can we do that carefully?” Ethics classes address these questions.

         Finally, students have to learn to communicate their findings, visually and orally, and they need business know-how, perhaps to develop new products.

  
  

  From: www.nytimes.com
  

  In the following question, some sentences from the text may have been modified to fit certain grammatical structures.

  
  

  The sentences “Ethics classes address these questions.” and “The United States will need a great number of graduates with skills handling large amounts of data.” contain, respectively, a/an
  

  Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 4e675b3a-af

  A

  restrictive clause and a noun clause.

  B

  direct object and a direct object.

  C

  adverbial clause and a direct object.

  D

  indirect objet and an indirect object.

  Responder
• 1AB5550E-AF

  Inglês

  Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehensionUECE · 2013Muito difícilEntre para guardar nos favoritos

  TEXT

  
  

        Hundreds of studies have assessed leadership styles, mainly by having employees report on how their managers typically behave. Researchers have also collected information on how effective managers are. After large numbers of such studies became available, reviewers aggregated them quantitatively to discover what kinds of leadership are effective.

        One conclusion that has emerged based on the research of the past 30 years is that a hybrid style known as transformational leadership is highly effective in most contemporary organizational contexts.

        A transformational leader acts as an inspirational role model, motivates others to go beyond the confines of their job descriptions, encourages creativity and innovation, fosters good human relationships, and develops the skills of followers. This type of leadership is effective because it fosters strong interpersonal bonds based on a leader’s charisma and consideration of others. These bonds enable leaders to promote high-quality performance by encouraging workers rather than threatening them, thus motivating them to exceed basic expectations.

        By bringing out the best in others, transformational leaders enhance the performance of groups and organizations.

        Transformational leadership is androgynous because it incorporates culturally masculine and feminine behaviors. This androgynous mixing of the masculine and feminine means that skill in this contemporary way of leading does not necessarily come naturally. It may require some effort and thought.

        Men often have to work on their social skills and women on being assertive enough to inspire others. It is nonetheless clear that both women and men can adapt to the demands of leadership in the transformational mode.

        One of the surprises of research on transformational leadership is that female managers are somewhat more transformational than male managers. In particular, they exceed men in their attention to human relationships. Also, in delivering incentives, women lean toward a more positive, reward-based approach and men toward a more negative and less effective, threat-based approach. In these respects, women appear to be better leaders than men, despite the double standard that can close women out of these roles.

        Why are women leaders more transformational when they are less likely to become leaders in the first place? One reason is that the double standard that slows women’s rise would work against mediocre women while allowing mediocre men to rise. As a consequence, the women who attain leadership roles really are better than the men on average.

        It is also true women generally avoid more domineering, “command and control” behavior because of the backlash they receive if they lead in this way. Men can often get away with autocratic behavior that is roundly disliked in women. Ironically, this backlash against domineering women may foster good leadership because the androgynous middle ground is more likely to bring success. Leaders gain less from ordering others about than from forming teams of smart, motivated collaborators who together figure out how to solve problems and get work done.

  From: http://www.nytimes.com/ 2013/03/20  

  As to the effectiveness of managers, researchers have found, after many years of study, that

  Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 1ab5550e-af

  A

  an inspirational style can encourage creativity among mediocre men.

  B

  masculine behavior leans toward a reward-based approach.

  C

  the androgynous pattern seems to be preferred by men.

  D

  the so-called transformational style is very positive in many contexts.

  Responder
• 1AAD3F7D-AF

  Inglês

  Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehensionUECE · 2013Muito difícilEntre para guardar nos favoritos

  TEXT

  
  

        Hundreds of studies have assessed leadership styles, mainly by having employees report on how their managers typically behave. Researchers have also collected information on how effective managers are. After large numbers of such studies became available, reviewers aggregated them quantitatively to discover what kinds of leadership are effective.

        One conclusion that has emerged based on the research of the past 30 years is that a hybrid style known as transformational leadership is highly effective in most contemporary organizational contexts.

        A transformational leader acts as an inspirational role model, motivates others to go beyond the confines of their job descriptions, encourages creativity and innovation, fosters good human relationships, and develops the skills of followers. This type of leadership is effective because it fosters strong interpersonal bonds based on a leader’s charisma and consideration of others. These bonds enable leaders to promote high-quality performance by encouraging workers rather than threatening them, thus motivating them to exceed basic expectations.

        By bringing out the best in others, transformational leaders enhance the performance of groups and organizations.

        Transformational leadership is androgynous because it incorporates culturally masculine and feminine behaviors. This androgynous mixing of the masculine and feminine means that skill in this contemporary way of leading does not necessarily come naturally. It may require some effort and thought.

        Men often have to work on their social skills and women on being assertive enough to inspire others. It is nonetheless clear that both women and men can adapt to the demands of leadership in the transformational mode.

        One of the surprises of research on transformational leadership is that female managers are somewhat more transformational than male managers. In particular, they exceed men in their attention to human relationships. Also, in delivering incentives, women lean toward a more positive, reward-based approach and men toward a more negative and less effective, threat-based approach. In these respects, women appear to be better leaders than men, despite the double standard that can close women out of these roles.

        Why are women leaders more transformational when they are less likely to become leaders in the first place? One reason is that the double standard that slows women’s rise would work against mediocre women while allowing mediocre men to rise. As a consequence, the women who attain leadership roles really are better than the men on average.

        It is also true women generally avoid more domineering, “command and control” behavior because of the backlash they receive if they lead in this way. Men can often get away with autocratic behavior that is roundly disliked in women. Ironically, this backlash against domineering women may foster good leadership because the androgynous middle ground is more likely to bring success. Leaders gain less from ordering others about than from forming teams of smart, motivated collaborators who together figure out how to solve problems and get work done.

  From: http://www.nytimes.com/ 2013/03/20  

  Further exploring the apparently paradoxical reasons why women leaders are more successful in transformational leadership than men, the text mentions the fact that

  Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 1aad3f7d-af

  A

  because of gender inequality, only women who are really good get leading positions.
  

  B

  women seem to have a better performance in job interviews.

  C

  men are usually more willing to get jobs done when led by women.

  D

  due to gender issues, leading women usually try to make men seem mediocre.

  Responder
• 1AA5652B-AF

  Inglês

  Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehensionUECE · 2013Muito difícilEntre para guardar nos favoritos

  TEXT

  
  

        Hundreds of studies have assessed leadership styles, mainly by having employees report on how their managers typically behave. Researchers have also collected information on how effective managers are. After large numbers of such studies became available, reviewers aggregated them quantitatively to discover what kinds of leadership are effective.

        One conclusion that has emerged based on the research of the past 30 years is that a hybrid style known as transformational leadership is highly effective in most contemporary organizational contexts.

        A transformational leader acts as an inspirational role model, motivates others to go beyond the confines of their job descriptions, encourages creativity and innovation, fosters good human relationships, and develops the skills of followers. This type of leadership is effective because it fosters strong interpersonal bonds based on a leader’s charisma and consideration of others. These bonds enable leaders to promote high-quality performance by encouraging workers rather than threatening them, thus motivating them to exceed basic expectations.

        By bringing out the best in others, transformational leaders enhance the performance of groups and organizations.

        Transformational leadership is androgynous because it incorporates culturally masculine and feminine behaviors. This androgynous mixing of the masculine and feminine means that skill in this contemporary way of leading does not necessarily come naturally. It may require some effort and thought.

        Men often have to work on their social skills and women on being assertive enough to inspire others. It is nonetheless clear that both women and men can adapt to the demands of leadership in the transformational mode.

        One of the surprises of research on transformational leadership is that female managers are somewhat more transformational than male managers. In particular, they exceed men in their attention to human relationships. Also, in delivering incentives, women lean toward a more positive, reward-based approach and men toward a more negative and less effective, threat-based approach. In these respects, women appear to be better leaders than men, despite the double standard that can close women out of these roles.

        Why are women leaders more transformational when they are less likely to become leaders in the first place? One reason is that the double standard that slows women’s rise would work against mediocre women while allowing mediocre men to rise. As a consequence, the women who attain leadership roles really are better than the men on average.

        It is also true women generally avoid more domineering, “command and control” behavior because of the backlash they receive if they lead in this way. Men can often get away with autocratic behavior that is roundly disliked in women. Ironically, this backlash against domineering women may foster good leadership because the androgynous middle ground is more likely to bring success. Leaders gain less from ordering others about than from forming teams of smart, motivated collaborators who together figure out how to solve problems and get work done.

  From: http://www.nytimes.com/ 2013/03/20  

  As to the leadership pattern that requires attitudes based on features of both male and female behaviors, one may infer that it

  Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 1aa5652b-af

  A

  is the easiest way, for it is what someone would normally do.

  B

  brings satisfaction to people under command, but not to the leader.

  C

  leads managers to avoid it because of prejudice.

  D

  makes leaders reflect and struggle to become skillful in this way of leading.

  Responder
• 3040F2F9-3B

  Inglês

  Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehensionPUC - RJ · 2013Muito difícilEntre para guardar nos favoritos

  
  

  In the last section of the article, lines 151-171, the author states that

  Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 3040f2f9-3b

  A

  Brazil’s diplomatic attitude is a huge menace to the international policies adopted by the powerful nations of the globe.

  B

  Brazil’s perspective on international issues at present is quite aligned with that undertaken by all of the traditional powerful nations of the northern hemisphere.

  C

  the Brazilian foreign affairs ministry is very good at negotiating and leading different nations into a consensual position, as long as this perspective is aligned with its own.

  D

  nations in the North which have held powerful positions internationally have employed very impressive and efficient approaches to reach global consensus on relevant issues.

  E

  Brazil will only be a beneficial player in international issues if nations from the North maintain their own stand in issues that involve economic and financial negotiations.

  Responder
• 4CAFDC33-2B

  Inglês

  Advérbios e conjunções | Adverbs and conjunctionsUniversidade do Contestado - Santa Catarina · 2012Muito difícilEntre para guardar nos favoritos

  Which of the following alternatives for the statement Although this switching system was invented in 1889... (fourth paragraph)is grammatically incorrect?

  Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 4cafdc33-2b

  A

  Though this switching system being invented in 1889...

  B

  Even though this switching system was invented in 1889...

  C

  In spite of this switching system being invented in 1889...

  D

  Despite this switching system being invented in 1889...

  Responder
• 4C9F336F-2B

  Literatura

  Escolas LiteráriasUniversidade do Contestado - Santa Catarina · 2012Muito difícilEntre para guardar nos favoritos

  Todas as alternativas se referem à obra Memórias Sentimentais de João Miramar, de Oswald de Andrade, exceto a:

  Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 4c9f336f-2b

  A

  O romance compõe-se de 163 episódios numerados. A montagem fragmentária do romance impossibilita uma leitura tradicional e linear da história. Uma série de inventivos traços de estilo e um agudo senso crítico da sociedade da época fazem desse texto uma grande obra de vanguarda. De fato, o estilo fragmentário e sintético do texto é revolucionário na nossa prosa, assim como seu caráter cinematográfico.

  B

  A história do protagonista inicia na infância do herói, sugerida pela linguagem propositadamente infantil dos primeiros capítulos. Ainda adolescente, e com grande inclinação para a boêmia, Miramar faz a sua primeira viagem à Europa, a bordo do navio Marta.

  C

  A primeira parte da obra começa com a morte de Miramar em pleno Domingo de Carnaval. Vestido de baiana, João Miramar cai enquanto dançava e seu funeral é muito concorrido. Enquanto o defunto é enterrado, voltam as lembranças de todos sobre o falecido: dos amigos de farra, das possíveis [prováveis] amantes, dos conhecidos e principalmente da esposa, Rocambola.

  D

  No final do romance, o herói fica viúvo, é abandonado pela amante e vai à falência, em virtude da má aplicação de fundos na indústria cinematográfica.

  Responder
• 4C963363-2B

  Literatura

  Escolas LiteráriasUniversidade do Contestado - Santa Catarina · 2012Muito difícilEntre para guardar nos favoritos

  Sobre a literatura brasileira e as obras relacionadas para esta prova, a alternativa correta é:

  Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 4c963363-2b

  A

  Uma das possíveis interpretações de O Beijo no Asfalto, uma obra dramática contemporânea, é a meditação sobre o problema da morte. Nelson Rodrigues mostra ao público que o ser humano só consegue se salvar na medida em que aceita a sua sombra, o seu lado perecível e corruptível. Só pela descida aos infernos é que se consegue chegar ao céu.

  B

  Considerada uma das obras-primas da literatura brasileira, Memórias Sentimentais de João Miramar, publicada em 1902, ano de sua primeira edição, cinco anos após a proclamação da República, cujo desfecho Oswald de Andrade testemunhou como repórter de O Estado de São Paulo, apresenta não só um completo relato da revolução, que foi a luta sangrenta contra os imperialistas chefiados por D. Pedro II, os quais ameaçavam a segurança da capital como da população paulista, mas apresenta ainda um admirável estudo da terra e do homem sertanejo, da sua resistência e capacidade de absorver a mão de obra escrava.

  C

  A obra Amar, verbo intransitivo, de Mário de Andrade, é narrada na primeira pessoa, e o enredo é construído a partir do ponto de vista das personagens. Eventualmente o autor se coloca dentro do livro, como protagonista, para fazer suas numerosas observações marginais, como é próprio dos romances modernos, escritos depois de 1960, no Brasil.

  D

  Em Capitães de Areia, de Jorge Amado,o retirante Pedro Bala deixa o sertão baiano em busca do litoral, na esperança de uma vida melhor. Entre as passagens, ele se apresenta ao leitor e diz a que vai, encontra dois homens (irmãos das almas) que carregam um defunto numa rede. Severino conversa com ambos e acontece uma denúncia contra os poderosos, mandantes de crimes e sua impunidade.

  Responder
• 21B4CC60-FD

  Português

  Coesão e coerênciaUniversidade do Contestado - Santa Catarina · 2012Muito difícilEntre para guardar nos favoritos

  Numere os períodos de modo a constituírem um texto coeso e coerente e, depois, indique a sequência numérica correta.

  
  ( ) Hoje, o desodorante apresenta diversas formas que podem ser escolhidas de acordo com a necessidade de cada um. Encontramos desodorantes aromatizados ou sem perfume, com ou sem álcool e os com ou sem agentes bactericidas.

  
  ( ) Desde a época do Império Romano que se tenta controlar o suor e o odor produzidos pelas axilas. Os homens desta época usavam pequenas almofadas aromatizadas debaixo das axilas para diminuir o odor provocado pelo suor.

  
  ( ) Em razão do alto preço, o produto somente se espalhou no Ocidente. Após a Segunda Guerra Mundial, os preços caíram e assim o desodorante se tornou acessível.

  
  ( ) Podem ainda ser antitranspirante, que fecha cerca de 50% das glândulas sudoríparas, ou antiperspirante que reduz a formação do mau cheiro e a transpiração.

  
  ( ) No início do século XX, os Estados Unidos fabricaram um produto à base de sulfato de potássio e sulfato de alumínio, que seria capaz de controlar o suor e diminuir o odor, e deram o nome de desodorante.

  
  Disponível em: http://www.brasilescola.com/curiosidades/a-origem-do-desodorante.htm. Acesso em: 12-05-2012.

  
  

  Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 21b4cc60-fd

  A

  2 - 5 - 4 - 1 - 3
  

  B

  4 - 1 - 3 - 5 - 2
  

  C

  3 - 2 - 1 - 4 - 5

  D

  5 - 3 - 2 - 1 - 4

  Responder
• 21A931D7-FD

  Português

  Interpretação de TextosUniversidade do Contestado - Santa Catarina · 2012Muito difícilEntre para guardar nos favoritos

  

  Considerando o que se afirma no texto 2, assinale a alternativa correta.

  Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 21a931d7-fd

  A

  Para produzir mil quilogramas de açúcar são gerados 250 quilogramas de bagaço e 200 quilogramas de folhas e pontas.

  B

  A produção de bioeletricidade é recomendável uma vez que é sem desperdícios e não emite gases de efeito estufa.

  C

  Cerca de 30% das usinas de etanol produzem hoje mais de 2% da energia elétrica consumida no Brasil.

  D

  A bioeletricidade não pode ser consumida pela população, apesar de as distribuidoras terem autorização para fornecer esse tipo de energia desde 2005.

  Responder
• 2197D905-FD

  Português

  Interpretação de TextosUniversidade do Contestado - Santa Catarina · 2012Muito difícilEntre para guardar nos favoritos

  

  Assinale a alternativa em que a expressão entre parênteses pode substituir o segmento destacado em negrito sem prejuízo do sentido dado no texto 1.

  Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 2197d905-fd

  A

  Essa situação é preocupante, uma vez que supõe a debilidade do multilateralismo para a tomada de decisões coletivas para problemas globais. (por isso)

  B

  Esses novos atores internacionais estão levando o debate sobre as características institucionais do sistema democrático a posições prioritárias nas agendas nacionais. (Alguns estados, corporações e bancos)

  C

  Ainda que os analistas e a opinião pública estejam focados na Europa e nos Estados Unidos, a conjuntura manifesta sinais de esgotamento global e, cada vez mais, demandas por alternativas para a humanidade e para o planeta surgem. (Mesmo que)

  D

  Existem movimentos direcionados para o desenvolvimento de processos autoconstituintes, para iniciativas populares de lei e para a reformulação dos sistemas democráticos tornando-os mais inclusivos e participativos. (alguns países)

  Responder
• 3CCC1DC7-ED

  Inglês

  Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehensionFaculdade Cásper Líbero · 2012Muito difícilEntre para guardar nos favoritos

  Leia o texto a seguir e responda à questão.

  
  

  
  

  A schematic summary would say as follows: At a founding time, romantic fiction saw the peculiarities of the Brazilian family life under the picturesque and the national identity signs, over which it laid some more or less feuilletonist fabling. The combination, in line with the needs of the young country, was very successful. Although irreverent, the emphasis on mirroring and its somewhat regressive accomplice character formed a positive sign on our particular traits. One generation later, Machado used in a different manner the same thematic, ideological, and aesthetic complexity, this time without the covering mists of local color and patriotic self-congratulation. The large Brazilian family was now observed from the point of view of the enlightened dependent, who was part of it and transformed it into a problem. This is a special system of relationships, with its own structure, resources and problems, which needed to be analyzed. Its difference was a sign of primitiveness, because the tacit measure of the dependent was the Rights of Man, which were effective, in principle, in other regions. The narrator’s fondness shifted to the heroine’s struggles against injustice, which was also portrayed in a feuilletonist fashion. As for the opposing side, it was inevitable that the conflict arrangement, as it developed from book to book, made more visible the negative traits of the landowner. These traits absorbed and reflected precisely, as a fault, the absurd lack of balance between the classes. Using the consequences of this very lack of balance, which gave no signs of internal regeneration, Machado invented the formula that would characterize his mature works and make him a great writer. He did not surrender to the easy delights of romantic picturesqueness. Likewise, he now renounced the unanimous fondness towards the moderate narrator and his good causes.

  The new artistic device dealt indirectly with dependents’ frustrations and directly with their abandonment by landowners – the peripheral society incapable of integration resonated. The scope of the formal arrangement, which challenged the secular spirit’s superstitions, especially the trust in progress and in benevolence, is uncomfortable to this day. The insinuating personification of an elite narrator enviably civilized and deeply involved in oppressive relationships, which he arranges and judges himself, is a chess move that disarranges the narrative board, making the game more real. The process challenges readers in every line: it teaches them to think by themselves; to discuss not only the issues, but also their presentation; to consider the narrators and authorities – always the interested party – from a distance, even if they are eloquent; to doubt the civilizing and national commitment of the privileged, particularly in young countries, where this intention plays a major role; to feel an aversion to the imaginary consolations of romanticism, manipulated by the narrative authority to its own benefit. The process teaches, above all, that the combination of the cosmopolitan and the excluded spheres may be stable, without a feasible solution. This demonstration is a juicy one because it illustrates and examines the nation’s “delicious” mechanisms – to use the Machadian term – of the non-bourgeois reproduction of the bourgeois order. However, the demonstration is also universal to some extent, because globally, unlike what it seems, this reproduction is the rule, not the exception.

  The heroines of the first novels are not very interesting because their precarious social status is distorted by the romantic cliché. Their vicissitudes, however, stress the antagonistic class traits, whose figure has literary originality. In the novels of the second phase, once the angle is inverted, it is the poor who appear in the subjective mirror of owners, where the prisms are either that of bourgeois individualism or of paternalistic domination, according to the selfish convenience impudence. The dependent becomes extraordinarily relevant in that light. They are portraits of the powerless that get no recognition for the value of work, no rights protected, and no compensation by divine providence. It is the social vacuum generated by modern slavery to freedom without possessions, another issue that, mutatis mutandis, lives on.

  In the same line of advanced resonance of the primitiveness, notice how the extra bourgeois aspect of local issues works, and also the narrative relationship itself: at times it is only a shift in the rule; at times it is a movement in its own right, which escapes the dominating definitions and discovers unknown land. To give an idea, compare the part of authority in the definition and dissolution of characters, themselves or others; the relationships between personal separation and the experience of time, between command and insanity – often by the ones in charge; the extra scientific dimensions of science, with its authoritarian and sadistic roles; the overall difference that generates a point of view, etc. In this manner, Machadian fiction and the advanced literature of his time converged – both tried to release other realities under the bourgeois reality. As a mere indication, it is worth mentioning a few similarities, rather at random, in the innovative field, such as Dostoievski, Baudelaire, Henry James, Tchekov, Proust, Kafka, and Borges. Machado’s classical derivations are countless and have led critics to find his merit there, which hinders the understanding of the up-todateness and advanced character of his experimentation. 

  Choose the alternative that best answers the question: Does the Machadian prose reflect any kind of social criticism?

  Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 3ccc1dc7-ed

  A

  No, it does not. Machado’s prose is just a reflection of the common romantic cliché.

  B

  Yes, it does. Machado is specially concerned with the effects of the lack of culture in the upper classes.

  C

  No, it does not. Machado is not cliché, but he is not concerned with providing a critical reflection on Brazilian society

  D

  Yes, it does. Machado is specially concerned with the non-bourgeois reproduction of the bourgeois order and the results of the movement from slavery to freedom without possessions.

  E

  No, it does not. Machado prose reflects the harmoniously structured Brazilian society.

  Responder
• 3CC72365-ED

  Inglês

  Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehensionFaculdade Cásper Líbero · 2012Muito difícilEntre para guardar nos favoritos

  Leia o texto a seguir e responda à questão.

  
  

  
  

  A schematic summary would say as follows: At a founding time, romantic fiction saw the peculiarities of the Brazilian family life under the picturesque and the national identity signs, over which it laid some more or less feuilletonist fabling. The combination, in line with the needs of the young country, was very successful. Although irreverent, the emphasis on mirroring and its somewhat regressive accomplice character formed a positive sign on our particular traits. One generation later, Machado used in a different manner the same thematic, ideological, and aesthetic complexity, this time without the covering mists of local color and patriotic self-congratulation. The large Brazilian family was now observed from the point of view of the enlightened dependent, who was part of it and transformed it into a problem. This is a special system of relationships, with its own structure, resources and problems, which needed to be analyzed. Its difference was a sign of primitiveness, because the tacit measure of the dependent was the Rights of Man, which were effective, in principle, in other regions. The narrator’s fondness shifted to the heroine’s struggles against injustice, which was also portrayed in a feuilletonist fashion. As for the opposing side, it was inevitable that the conflict arrangement, as it developed from book to book, made more visible the negative traits of the landowner. These traits absorbed and reflected precisely, as a fault, the absurd lack of balance between the classes. Using the consequences of this very lack of balance, which gave no signs of internal regeneration, Machado invented the formula that would characterize his mature works and make him a great writer. He did not surrender to the easy delights of romantic picturesqueness. Likewise, he now renounced the unanimous fondness towards the moderate narrator and his good causes.

  The new artistic device dealt indirectly with dependents’ frustrations and directly with their abandonment by landowners – the peripheral society incapable of integration resonated. The scope of the formal arrangement, which challenged the secular spirit’s superstitions, especially the trust in progress and in benevolence, is uncomfortable to this day. The insinuating personification of an elite narrator enviably civilized and deeply involved in oppressive relationships, which he arranges and judges himself, is a chess move that disarranges the narrative board, making the game more real. The process challenges readers in every line: it teaches them to think by themselves; to discuss not only the issues, but also their presentation; to consider the narrators and authorities – always the interested party – from a distance, even if they are eloquent; to doubt the civilizing and national commitment of the privileged, particularly in young countries, where this intention plays a major role; to feel an aversion to the imaginary consolations of romanticism, manipulated by the narrative authority to its own benefit. The process teaches, above all, that the combination of the cosmopolitan and the excluded spheres may be stable, without a feasible solution. This demonstration is a juicy one because it illustrates and examines the nation’s “delicious” mechanisms – to use the Machadian term – of the non-bourgeois reproduction of the bourgeois order. However, the demonstration is also universal to some extent, because globally, unlike what it seems, this reproduction is the rule, not the exception.

  The heroines of the first novels are not very interesting because their precarious social status is distorted by the romantic cliché. Their vicissitudes, however, stress the antagonistic class traits, whose figure has literary originality. In the novels of the second phase, once the angle is inverted, it is the poor who appear in the subjective mirror of owners, where the prisms are either that of bourgeois individualism or of paternalistic domination, according to the selfish convenience impudence. The dependent becomes extraordinarily relevant in that light. They are portraits of the powerless that get no recognition for the value of work, no rights protected, and no compensation by divine providence. It is the social vacuum generated by modern slavery to freedom without possessions, another issue that, mutatis mutandis, lives on.

  In the same line of advanced resonance of the primitiveness, notice how the extra bourgeois aspect of local issues works, and also the narrative relationship itself: at times it is only a shift in the rule; at times it is a movement in its own right, which escapes the dominating definitions and discovers unknown land. To give an idea, compare the part of authority in the definition and dissolution of characters, themselves or others; the relationships between personal separation and the experience of time, between command and insanity – often by the ones in charge; the extra scientific dimensions of science, with its authoritarian and sadistic roles; the overall difference that generates a point of view, etc. In this manner, Machadian fiction and the advanced literature of his time converged – both tried to release other realities under the bourgeois reality. As a mere indication, it is worth mentioning a few similarities, rather at random, in the innovative field, such as Dostoievski, Baudelaire, Henry James, Tchekov, Proust, Kafka, and Borges. Machado’s classical derivations are countless and have led critics to find his merit there, which hinders the understanding of the up-todateness and advanced character of his experimentation. 

  “These traits absorbed and reflected precisely, as a fault, the absurd lack of balance between the classes.” This statement taken from the text might be interpreted as:

  Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 3cc72365-ed

  A

  The novels by Machado de Assis evaluate the good relationship between classes as a fault.

  B

  The relationship between classes will result in lack of balance.

  C

  The relationship between classes is portrayed as good and not faulty.

  D

  In Machado’s novels, the incredible lack of equilibrium between classes is considered negative.

  E

  In Machado’s novels, the balance of classes is something obvious

  Responder
• 3CC23B5B-ED

  Inglês

  Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehensionFaculdade Cásper Líbero · 2012Muito difícilEntre para guardar nos favoritos

  Leia o texto a seguir e responda à questão.

  
  

  
  

  A schematic summary would say as follows: At a founding time, romantic fiction saw the peculiarities of the Brazilian family life under the picturesque and the national identity signs, over which it laid some more or less feuilletonist fabling. The combination, in line with the needs of the young country, was very successful. Although irreverent, the emphasis on mirroring and its somewhat regressive accomplice character formed a positive sign on our particular traits. One generation later, Machado used in a different manner the same thematic, ideological, and aesthetic complexity, this time without the covering mists of local color and patriotic self-congratulation. The large Brazilian family was now observed from the point of view of the enlightened dependent, who was part of it and transformed it into a problem. This is a special system of relationships, with its own structure, resources and problems, which needed to be analyzed. Its difference was a sign of primitiveness, because the tacit measure of the dependent was the Rights of Man, which were effective, in principle, in other regions. The narrator’s fondness shifted to the heroine’s struggles against injustice, which was also portrayed in a feuilletonist fashion. As for the opposing side, it was inevitable that the conflict arrangement, as it developed from book to book, made more visible the negative traits of the landowner. These traits absorbed and reflected precisely, as a fault, the absurd lack of balance between the classes. Using the consequences of this very lack of balance, which gave no signs of internal regeneration, Machado invented the formula that would characterize his mature works and make him a great writer. He did not surrender to the easy delights of romantic picturesqueness. Likewise, he now renounced the unanimous fondness towards the moderate narrator and his good causes.

  The new artistic device dealt indirectly with dependents’ frustrations and directly with their abandonment by landowners – the peripheral society incapable of integration resonated. The scope of the formal arrangement, which challenged the secular spirit’s superstitions, especially the trust in progress and in benevolence, is uncomfortable to this day. The insinuating personification of an elite narrator enviably civilized and deeply involved in oppressive relationships, which he arranges and judges himself, is a chess move that disarranges the narrative board, making the game more real. The process challenges readers in every line: it teaches them to think by themselves; to discuss not only the issues, but also their presentation; to consider the narrators and authorities – always the interested party – from a distance, even if they are eloquent; to doubt the civilizing and national commitment of the privileged, particularly in young countries, where this intention plays a major role; to feel an aversion to the imaginary consolations of romanticism, manipulated by the narrative authority to its own benefit. The process teaches, above all, that the combination of the cosmopolitan and the excluded spheres may be stable, without a feasible solution. This demonstration is a juicy one because it illustrates and examines the nation’s “delicious” mechanisms – to use the Machadian term – of the non-bourgeois reproduction of the bourgeois order. However, the demonstration is also universal to some extent, because globally, unlike what it seems, this reproduction is the rule, not the exception.

  The heroines of the first novels are not very interesting because their precarious social status is distorted by the romantic cliché. Their vicissitudes, however, stress the antagonistic class traits, whose figure has literary originality. In the novels of the second phase, once the angle is inverted, it is the poor who appear in the subjective mirror of owners, where the prisms are either that of bourgeois individualism or of paternalistic domination, according to the selfish convenience impudence. The dependent becomes extraordinarily relevant in that light. They are portraits of the powerless that get no recognition for the value of work, no rights protected, and no compensation by divine providence. It is the social vacuum generated by modern slavery to freedom without possessions, another issue that, mutatis mutandis, lives on.

  In the same line of advanced resonance of the primitiveness, notice how the extra bourgeois aspect of local issues works, and also the narrative relationship itself: at times it is only a shift in the rule; at times it is a movement in its own right, which escapes the dominating definitions and discovers unknown land. To give an idea, compare the part of authority in the definition and dissolution of characters, themselves or others; the relationships between personal separation and the experience of time, between command and insanity – often by the ones in charge; the extra scientific dimensions of science, with its authoritarian and sadistic roles; the overall difference that generates a point of view, etc. In this manner, Machadian fiction and the advanced literature of his time converged – both tried to release other realities under the bourgeois reality. As a mere indication, it is worth mentioning a few similarities, rather at random, in the innovative field, such as Dostoievski, Baudelaire, Henry James, Tchekov, Proust, Kafka, and Borges. Machado’s classical derivations are countless and have led critics to find his merit there, which hinders the understanding of the up-todateness and advanced character of his experimentation. 

  According to the text, Machado de Assis’ prose might be considered different because:

  Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 3cc23b5b-ed

  A

  It does not use Brazilian family as a theme in his novels.

  B

  It is deeply patriotic and makes the Brazilian family an example to be followed.

  C

  It goes deeper in the process of fabling Brazilian Family and makes no social criticism.

  D

  It uses the same thematic structure as earlier novels, but without the picturesque or the patriotic mist.

  E

  It portrays Brazilian family in the same fashion as earlier romantic fiction did.

  Responder
• 3C109962-ED

  Literatura

  Escolas LiteráriasFaculdade Cásper Líbero · 2012Muito difícilEntre para guardar nos favoritos

  Assinale a opção que apresenta corretamente a análise crítica do romance Til, de José de Alencar:

  Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 3c109962-ed

  A

  “Dentro do quadro global do regionalismo antemodernista é nele que se reconhece imediatamente um valor que transcende a categoria em que a história literária sói fixá-lo. É o artista enquanto homem que tem algo de si a transmitir, ainda quando pareça fazer apenas documentário de uma dada situação cultural.” (Alfredo Bosi).

  B

  “No sertão, a literatura provém dele mesmo, e a que aí encontrou o autor classificou de ‘literatura pura, bela, verdadeira, real’, quer dizer, sem as deformações do racional e o prejuízo do valor primeiro da palavra. No perfil que traçaria do sertanejo, ele vê um captador da poesia que emana em torno deste improvisador, cuja criação é logo absorvida pela memória coletiva que assim a retransmite.” (José Aderaldo Castello).

  C

  “O cunho de novidade que lhe registraram os contemporâneos provém do realismo e certa graça com que fixou os costumes sertanejos, da descrição e, alguma vez, quase explicação dos cenários da história, da leveza e naturalidade dos diálogos espontâneos e vivos que pontuam a narrativa, alguns deles suficientes à caracterização das personagens, do registro de brasileirismos peculiares à região ou de particularidades do falar local, e, finalmente, à maneira natural e simples com que movimentou personagens e fatos do romance.” (Afrânio Coutinho).

  D

  “O romance desenvolve o princípio de que a vida dos homens é uma história concebida por Deus. A trama da escrita divina pressupõe contínua luta entre forças adversas, representadas pelos ímpetos da maldade e da ternura. Sendo uma alegoria metafísica, o romance possui dois aspectos distintos e complementares: por um lado, será uma estória de aventura e ódio, cuja origem se concentra num caso de violência sexual; por outro, será a fábula da conversão da filha do estupro em agente de forças positivas da natureza.” (Ivan Teixeira).

  E

  “Os seus livros começam por uma situação de equilíbrio e bonança, definida principalmente pela descrição eufórica da paisagem em que se vai desenrolar a ação; a partir daí, procura surpreender no personagem o nascimento da paixão, cujo percurso e estouro descreverá, mostrando que a euforia inicial é como a placidez aparente do sertão e do sertanejo.” (Antonio Candido).

  Responder
• 42B74259-EA

  Inglês

  Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehensionUniversidade Luterana do Brasil · 2012Muito difícilEntre para guardar nos favoritos

  

  According to the text:

  Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 42b74259-ea

  A

  Women do not have more severe withdrawal symptoms than men when quitting smoking.

  B

  Men experience more severe withdrawal symptoms than women when quitting smoking.

  C

  The more severe the withdrawal symptoms are, the more difficult it is to gain weight regardless of the sex.

  D

  Women relapse for different reasons than men.

  E

  Men relapse more often than women.

  Responder
• 42B42EB7-EA

  Inglês

  Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehensionUniversidade Luterana do Brasil · 2012Muito difícilEntre para guardar nos favoritos

  

  According to the text:
  

  Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 42b42eb7-ea

  A

  Men are as less successful as women when it comes to quitting smoking.

  B

  Women are as successful as men when quitting smoking.

  C

  Men are more successful at quitting smoking.

  D

  The older women are, the more difficult it is to quit smoking.

  E

  All of the above statements are incorrect.

  Responder
• 420D07EB-EA

  Literatura

  Escolas LiteráriasUniversidade Luterana do Brasil · 2012Muito difícilEntre para guardar nos favoritos

  Leia o fragmento abaixo e marque a resposta correta.

  
  

  
  

  - Está vendo aquele umbu, lá embaixo, à direita do coxilhão?

  Pois ali é a tapera do Mariano. Nunca vi pêssegos mais bonitos que os que amadurecem naquele abandono; ainda hoje os marmeleiros carregam, que é uma temeridade!

  Mais para baixo, como umas três quadras, há uns olhos-d'água, minando as pedras, e logo adiante uns coqueiros; depois pega um cordão de araçazeiros. Diziam os antigos que ali encostado havia um lagoão mui fundo onde até jacaré se criava.

  Eu, desde guri conheci o lagoão já tapado pelos capins, mas o lugar sempre respeitado como um tremedal perigoso: até contavam de um mascate que aí atolou-se e sumiu-se com duas mulas cargueiras e canastras e tudo...

  Mais de uma rês magra ajudei a tirar de lá; iam à grama verde e atolavam-se logo, até a papada.

  Só cruzam ali por cima as perdizes e algum cusco leviano.

  Com certeza que as raízes do pasto e dos aguapés foram trançando uma enrediça fechada, e o barro e as folhas mortas foram-se amontoando e, pouco a pouco, capeando, fazendo a tampa do sumidouro.

  E depois nunca deram desgoto na ponta do lagoão, porque, se dessem, a água corria e não se formaria o mundéu...

  Mas, onde quero chegar: vou mostrar-lhe, lá, bem no meio do manantial, uma cousa que vancê nunca pensou ver; é uma roseira, e sempre carregada de rosas...

  Gente vivente não apanha as flores porque quem plantou a roseira foi um defunto... e era até agouro um cristão enfeitar-se com uma rosa daquelas!...

  Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 420d07eb-ea

  A

  O fragmento acima pertence ao conto No Manantial, de Simões Lopes Neto; é narrado em terceira pessoa, com substrato folclórico e o emprego literário de fala dialetal que confronta o homem e a natureza.
  

  B

  O fragmento acima foi subtraído do conto Trezentas onças, de Simões Lopes Neto. Narra as reflexões do velho peão Blau Nunes sobre a vida no campo, infundindo uma qualidade simbólica ao mundo imaginário.

  C

  O trecho pertence à obra Vidas Secas, de Graciliano Ramos, que trata da vida agreste em que o homem traça um itinerário geográfico em busca de paragens típicas.

  D

  O excerto foi retirado da obra Tapera, de Alcides Maya, é testemunho histórico e revelação psicológica da vida campeira.

  E

  O trecho foi subtraído da obra Porteira Fechada, de Cyro Martins, e narra os momentos de reflexão de Guedes, homem maduro, que busca a sobrevivência a qualquer preço, mas luta com seus princípios éticos.

  Responder
• 62247EAE-E6

  Português

  Coesão e coerênciaIF-BA · 2012Muito difícilEntre para guardar nos favoritos

  

  
  

  “Neste passo, a Defensoria Pública do Estado da Bahia não poderia se furtar a participar do processo.” (l.45-46).

  
  

  
  

  A expressão “neste passo” retoma a informação contida em

  Escolha uma alternativa para a questão 62247eae-e6

  A

  “Elas existem, mas não gostam de existir da forma como se mostram: sujas, famintas e humilhadas”. (l.16-18).

  B

  “A condição de rua não é culpa do indivíduo e não decorre, como muitos pensam, unicamente, do abuso de drogas”. (l.18-20)

  C

  “Há consenso entre pesquisadores de que uma multiplicidade de fatores leva à situação de rua” (l.21- 22)

  D

  “Cabe também lembrar que não é condição inerente ao ser humano estar na rua desamparado”. (l.30-32)

  E

  “na criação da Política Nacional para a População em Situação de Rua através do Decreto-Lei nº 7.053/2009.” (l.41-43)

  Responder