Questões do ENEM: Linguagens

TEXT 2

Dilbert Classics by Scott Adams. Avaiable at: http://www.gocomics.com/dilbert-classics (accessed on March 27th, 2017)

Answer the question, according to Text 2.

TEXT 1

Fruit Juice, in Moderation, Not Tied to Obesity in Children

…………………….experts believe that drinking fruit juice may lead to obesity in children, but a new review has found that juice in moderation does not cause excess weight gain in children under 18.

Researchers pooled data……………… eight prospective observational studies of the association between regular 100 percent fruit juice consumption and weight gain. The analysis, published in Pediatrics, includes 34,470 boys and girls under 18.

The studies used something called the B.M.I. z score, …………………….statistically adjusts body mass index according to age. Changes in these scores of 0.25 to 0.50 are generally considered to put the child at risk for obesity.

After controlling for total energy intake, birth weight, ethnicity and other factors, a 6- to 8-ounce daily serving of 100 percent fruit juice was associated with a 0.087 unit average increase in B.M.I. z score in children 1 to 6 — equivalent to about 0.3 pounds. In those 7 to 18, there was no link ……………….. all between drinking fruit juice and weight gain.

The lead author, Dr. Brandon J. Auerbach, an acting instructor in medicine at the University of Washington, said that based ……………………. the current evidence, “consuming one daily serving of fruit juice is not associated with weight gain in children. So fruit juice in moderation, not more than a serving a day, is safe.”

By NICHOLAS BAKALAR. Avaiable at: www.nytimes.com/section/health. (accessed on March 27th, 2017)

Answer the question, according to Text 1

TEXT 1

Fruit Juice, in Moderation, Not Tied to Obesity in Children

…………………….experts believe that drinking fruit juice may lead to obesity in children, but a new review has found that juice in moderation does not cause excess weight gain in children under 18.

Researchers pooled data……………… eight prospective observational studies of the association between regular 100 percent fruit juice consumption and weight gain. The analysis, published in Pediatrics, includes 34,470 boys and girls under 18.

The studies used something called the B.M.I. z score, …………………….statistically adjusts body mass index according to age. Changes in these scores of 0.25 to 0.50 are generally considered to put the child at risk for obesity.

After controlling for total energy intake, birth weight, ethnicity and other factors, a 6- to 8-ounce daily serving of 100 percent fruit juice was associated with a 0.087 unit average increase in B.M.I. z score in children 1 to 6 — equivalent to about 0.3 pounds. In those 7 to 18, there was no link ……………….. all between drinking fruit juice and weight gain.

The lead author, Dr. Brandon J. Auerbach, an acting instructor in medicine at the University of Washington, said that based ……………………. the current evidence, “consuming one daily serving of fruit juice is not associated with weight gain in children. So fruit juice in moderation, not more than a serving a day, is safe.”

By NICHOLAS BAKALAR. Avaiable at: www.nytimes.com/section/health. (accessed on March 27th, 2017)

Answer the question, according to Text 1

Texto 2

THE NEXT ERA OF DRONES WILL BE DEFINED BY ‘SWARMS’

[ …]

Drones are becoming smaller, cheaper to make, can zoom around on their own, and gather in groups of hundreds, even thousands, to fly like a flock of birds. They’re called swarms – get enough of them together, and they could save your life, or they could be a deadly collaborative force on the battlefield.

[ …]

Plus there is no leader (1) or commander in a swarm; the swarm is a self-organising system in which allows drones to fly together without colliding. And only one operator (2) is needed to control the whole swarm.

Swarms are tough. One missile can bring down an aircraft, but a swarm can lose dozens of members and keep going. Air defences with a limited (3) supply (4) of missiles can be overwhelmed by enough opponents.

But drones will soon be swarming in many other situations too, from rock concerts to barnyards. In fact, you probably already have seen swarms of drones in everyday life. Chinese company eHang claimed the record for the biggest swarm, in a spectacular New Year show in which 1,000 drones formed a map of China and the Chinese character for 'blessings' (5). 

Drone swarms may even have a place on the farm. They can spot plant disease and help manage water use, or spray pesticides and herbicides only in the exact spot needed, all working cooperatively to cover the area and fill in gaps.

So, what does the future hold for swarming (6) drones? Swarming drone technology is still very much in their infancy. But it’s evolving fast. In fact, they could one day live alongside us.

Fonte: adapted from: <http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20170425-were-entering-the-next-era-of-drones>.

Acesso em: 02 maio 2017.  

Texto 1

BRAZILIAN TEEN WITH CANCER CELEBRATES TURBAN ON SOCIAL MEDIA

By plus55 on Feb 13, 2017

Thauane Cordeiro never thought she’d face accusations of cultural appropriation after posting a selfie with a turban. Diagnosed with cancer, the treatments left this Brazilian teen bald. So she styles up her baldness with colorful turbans when she heads out of the house. However, after one picture of herself wearing a turban on Facebook, she faced unexpected backlash.

While most turban-wearers in Brazil are black, Cordeiro is white. But instead of letting her haters put her down, Cordeiro explained just why she wore a turban that day. And it wasn’t about stealing black culture.

Here’s a translation of her post: Turban love

I’ll explain what happened yesterday so you know why I’m so angry with this whole cultural appropriation thing. I was at the station with this pretty turban, feeling like a diva. And I started to notice that there were a lot of black women around, beautiful by the way, who were looking at me funny, like “look over there the little white girl appropriating our culture”. Anyway, one of them came over to tell me I shouldn’t use a turban because I’m white. I took off the turban and said “are you seeing this bald head, this is called cancer, so I use what I want! Bye.” I grabbed my turban and walked off leaving her in shock. #EverybodyWearsTurbans

The post went up last week and already has 104,000 likes and 30,000 shares.

Fonte: <http://plus55.com/brazil-culture/2017/02/brazilian-teen-cancer-turba>. Acesso em: 15 abr 2017. 

Texto 1

BRAZILIAN TEEN WITH CANCER CELEBRATES TURBAN ON SOCIAL MEDIA

By plus55 on Feb 13, 2017

Thauane Cordeiro never thought she’d face accusations of cultural appropriation after posting a selfie with a turban. Diagnosed with cancer, the treatments left this Brazilian teen bald. So she styles up her baldness with colorful turbans when she heads out of the house. However, after one picture of herself wearing a turban on Facebook, she faced unexpected backlash.

While most turban-wearers in Brazil are black, Cordeiro is white. But instead of letting her haters put her down, Cordeiro explained just why she wore a turban that day. And it wasn’t about stealing black culture.

Here’s a translation of her post: Turban love

I’ll explain what happened yesterday so you know why I’m so angry with this whole cultural appropriation thing. I was at the station with this pretty turban, feeling like a diva. And I started to notice that there were a lot of black women around, beautiful by the way, who were looking at me funny, like “look over there the little white girl appropriating our culture”. Anyway, one of them came over to tell me I shouldn’t use a turban because I’m white. I took off the turban and said “are you seeing this bald head, this is called cancer, so I use what I want! Bye.” I grabbed my turban and walked off leaving her in shock. #EverybodyWearsTurbans

The post went up last week and already has 104,000 likes and 30,000 shares.

Fonte: <http://plus55.com/brazil-culture/2017/02/brazilian-teen-cancer-turba>. Acesso em: 15 abr 2017. 

Choking to death

Sharks have been swimming in the oceans since before dinosaurs walked the earth. They’ve shaped the marine environment and everything in it. Without sharks the oceans could collapse, taking with them their ability to produce 50% of the oxygen we breathe and absorb 20% of the CO2 emissions we produce.

With every shark slaughtered we’re strengthening our stranglehold on the planet.

Too many fishing boats, too few fish The International Union for the Conservation of Nature recently reported that 85% of the world’s fish stocks are fully exploited or overexploited. It’s the big fish that will disappear first.

That’s why we’re focussing on key species that are most vulnerable to overfishing yet widely available in shops and restaurants.

Join us and help protect our blue planet.

(Adaptado de: Bite-Back Shark & Marine Conservation (website) Why we do it. Disponível em: https://www.bite-back.com/whatwe-do/why-we-do-it/. Acesso em: 15 ago. 2017).

Leia os poemas a seguir.

(LEMINSKI, P. Toda Poesia. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2013. p. 235.)

Com base na leitura dos poemas, considere as afirmativas a seguir.

I. Os dois poemas concentram-se no presente, em detrimento de e com desprezo a tempos como passado e futuro.

II. A ideia de transformação do sujeito ao longo do tempo está presente em ambos os poemas.

III. A incerteza frequenta os dois poemas: a indefinição quanto ao futuro, no primeiro; e o questionamento da eternidade, no segundo.

IV. Os caminhos do primeiro poema e a descoberta, no segundo, situam-se no mesmo tempo: o presente.

Assinale a alternativa correta.

Leia o trecho a seguir.

Tornemos à câmara nupcial, onde se representa a primeira cena do drama original, de que apenas conhecemos o prólogo. Os dois atores ainda conservam a mesma posição em que os deixamos. Fernando Seixas obedecendo automaticamente Aurélia, sentara-se, e fitava a moça com um olhar estupefato. A moça arrastou a cadeira e colocou-se em face do marido, cujas faces crestava o seu hálito abrasado.

(ALENCAR, J. de. Senhora. Rio de Janeiro: Edições de Ouro, 1971. p. 149.)

De acordo com o trecho citado, pertencente ao nono capítulo da 2ª parte, assinale a alternativa correta.

What poem would Trump like to see on the Statue of Liberty?

Donald Trump recently proposed to cut legal immigration to the US by half over in the next decade and to establish a merit-based immigration program. Under the plan, applicants with certain credentials, such as English proficiency, doctorates, high salaries, Olympic medalists and Nobel prizes winners would be given preference.

Many people viewed the proposal as an attack on American values like equality and opportunity. Trump’s plan also led to a heated exchange in a press briefing when CNN’s Jim Acosta asked White House aide Stephen Miller if the Emma Lazarus poem The New Colossus that is at the base of the Statue of Liberty is still relevant. In response, we’d like you to write poems that riff on the final lines Lazarus’s work: 

Give me your tired, your poor,                          

Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free,

      The wretched refuse of your teeming shore.            

Send these, the homeless, tempest-tost to me,  

I lift my lamp beside the golden door!                 

We’d like to invite our readers to join the Guardian’s Lady Liberty poetry challenge What poem would Trump like to see at the base of the Statue of Liberty? How would Trump rewrite the message of American compassion? We’ll publish a selection of our favorite reader-submitted poems. The Guardian also asked 21 American poets to imagine in writing what type of poem would Trump like to see at the statue? For inspiration, read the submission from the poet John Yau below.

The New Colossus as Donald Trump           

 I don’t need more tired or poor                      

              Let the mucky masses camp on their own dirty shore

    Let them stay wretched, it is what they deserve

               Send me only those who know how to bow, scrape and

serve                                                               

Or else I will close the gate to my golden hotel

— John Yau                                                      

(Adaptado de: What poem would Trump like to see on the Statue of Liberty? The Guardian. (Online) 10 ago. 2017. Disponível em: https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2017/aug/10/trump-poem-statue-of-liberty#top Acesso em 10 ago. 2017.

Huddled masses? Losers! Trump v the Statue of Liberty. The Guardian. (Online) 10 ago. 2017. Disponível em: https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/ng-interactive/2017/aug/10/the-new-colossus-emma-lazarus-poems-donald-trump-immigration. Acesso em: 10 ago. 2017.)

What poem would Trump like to see on the Statue of Liberty?

Donald Trump recently proposed to cut legal immigration to the US by half over in the next decade and to establish a merit-based immigration program. Under the plan, applicants with certain credentials, such as English proficiency, doctorates, high salaries, Olympic medalists and Nobel prizes winners would be given preference.

Many people viewed the proposal as an attack on American values like equality and opportunity. Trump’s plan also led to a heated exchange in a press briefing when CNN’s Jim Acosta asked White House aide Stephen Miller if the Emma Lazarus poem The New Colossus that is at the base of the Statue of Liberty is still relevant. In response, we’d like you to write poems that riff on the final lines Lazarus’s work: 

Give me your tired, your poor,                          

Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free,

      The wretched refuse of your teeming shore.            

Send these, the homeless, tempest-tost to me,  

I lift my lamp beside the golden door!                 

We’d like to invite our readers to join the Guardian’s Lady Liberty poetry challenge What poem would Trump like to see at the base of the Statue of Liberty? How would Trump rewrite the message of American compassion? We’ll publish a selection of our favorite reader-submitted poems. The Guardian also asked 21 American poets to imagine in writing what type of poem would Trump like to see at the statue? For inspiration, read the submission from the poet John Yau below.

The New Colossus as Donald Trump           

 I don’t need more tired or poor                      

              Let the mucky masses camp on their own dirty shore

    Let them stay wretched, it is what they deserve

               Send me only those who know how to bow, scrape and

serve                                                               

Or else I will close the gate to my golden hotel

— John Yau                                                      

(Adaptado de: What poem would Trump like to see on the Statue of Liberty? The Guardian. (Online) 10 ago. 2017. Disponível em: https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2017/aug/10/trump-poem-statue-of-liberty#top Acesso em 10 ago. 2017.

Huddled masses? Losers! Trump v the Statue of Liberty. The Guardian. (Online) 10 ago. 2017. Disponível em: https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/ng-interactive/2017/aug/10/the-new-colossus-emma-lazarus-poems-donald-trump-immigration. Acesso em: 10 ago. 2017.)

A partir da leitura dos dois poemas presentes no texto, atribua V (verdadeiro) ou F (falso) às afirmativas a seguir.

( ) Em seu poema, John Yau usou o mesmo eu-lírico do poema de Lazarus como estratégia para acrescentar ênfase às atuais mudanças ideológicas.

( ) No poema de Yau, o uso de “or else”, no início do último verso, reflete o temor do eu-lírico frente à ameaça da chegada de imigrantes.

( ) No verso “Give me your tired, your poor” do poema da Lazarus, a escolha verbal enfatiza o desejo de acolher os imigrantes. A oposição a essa vontade é expressa pelos versos “Let the mucky masses. . . ” e “Let them stay wretched...”, no poema de Yau.

( ) No último verso do poema de Lázarus, “the golden door” refere-se literalmente à passagem pelo departamento de imigração americano.

( ) No poema de John Yau, o verso “Let the mucky masses camp on their own dirty shore” denota o desprezo que o eu-lírico tem pelos imigrantes e suas origens.

Assinale a alternativa que contém, de cima para baixo, a sequência correta.

No segundo parágrafo do trecho transcrito, Sérgio apresenta-se como “empoeirado e sujo como de rolar sobre os escarros”. A sujeira do protagonista é física, portanto, o adjetivo tem o sentido denotativo. Contudo, a sensação de sujeira pode ser estendida a outras circunstâncias relacionadas ao trecho e ao romance.

Neste sentido, considere as afirmativas a seguir.

I. O reconhecimento de tratamento diferente aos dois alunos denota, no narrador-personagem, a percepção de que a administração agiu de forma suja.

II. Os remorsos de Sérgio e as reprimendas de Aristarco, após o episódio com o diretor, levam o protagonista a sentir-se sujo.

III. O sentimento de sujeira experimentado pelo protagonista está vinculado ao fato de imputar a culpa no episódio ao colega Bento Alves.

IV. O desconforto do protagonista aproxima-se da sensação de sujeira após as relações homossexuais praticadas com os colegas e descritas com detalhes no romance.

Assinale a alternativa correta.