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The Red Cross
The International Red Cross movement started in 1863
and was inspired by Swiss businessman Henry Dunant. The
suffering of thousands of men on both sides of the Battle of
Solferino in 1859 upset Dunant. Many were left to die due to
lack of care. He proposed creating national relief societies,
made up of volunteers, trained in peacetime to provide neutral
and impartial help to relieve suffering in times of war.
In response to these ideas, a committee (which later
became the International Committee of the Red Cross) was
established in Geneva. Dunant also proposed that countries
adopt an international agreement, which would recognise the
status of medical services and of the injured on the battlefield.
This agreement was adopted in 1864.
The formation of the British Red Cross occurred during
the war between France and Prussia in July 1870, Colonel
Loyd-Lindsay wrote a letter to the newspaper The Times. He
called for a National Society to be formed in Britain just like in
other European nations. On 4 August 1870, a public meeting
was held in London and a resolution passed authorizing the
formation of The British National Society for Aid to the Sick
and Wounded in War. It gave aid and relief to both warring
armies during the Franco-Prussian War and in other wars and
campaigns during the 19th century. This was done under the
protection of the red cross emblem.
In 1905, the British National Society for Aid to the Sick
and Wounded in War was renamed as the British Red Cross.
The Red Cross needed many skilled volunteers for its wartime
role. The Voluntary Aid Scheme was introduced in 1909 and
ensured that Voluntary Aid Detachments were formed across
the United Kingdom. Their members would provide aid to the
territorial medical forces in times of war.
(www.redcross.org.uk. Adaptado.)
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