Questões: Universidade Virtual de São Paulo — com gabarito

Em 13/02/2019, a senadora Simone Tebet foi eleita para presidir o principal colegiado do Senado, a Comissão de Constituição, Justiça e Cidadania (CCJ). Será a primeira vez que uma mulher comandará a CCJ. A CCJ tem um total de 27 membros, ou seja, um terço da composição do Senado, e é responsável por opinar sobre a legalidade e a constitucionalidade dos projetos e dar parecer sobre indicações de ministros do Supremo Tribunal Federal e do procurador-geral da República.

<https://tinyurl.com/y2hjsxlq>Acesso em:14.02.2019. Adaptado.

Considere todas as formas possíveis de formar a CCJ com os senadores que compunham o Senado em 13/02/2019.

Entre todas estas formas possíveis de formar a CCJ, assinale a alternativa que apresenta o cálculo em que se obtém o número de comissões nas quais um dos integrantes é a senadora Simone Tebet.

Miguel dará uma festa em sua casa e está cuidando da piscina, que tem formato de cilindro circular reto, com raio da base de 5 m e profundidade de 1,5 m. A piscina está completamente cheia, e Miguel se preocupa com as crianças que estarão presentes. Por isso, ele não quer que o nível da água ultrapasse 1,2 m de profundidade e, para retirar um pouco da água, acionou uma bomba com vazão de 30 litros por minuto.

Nestas condições, para que o nível da água chegue ao desejado por Miguel, a bomba deverá ficar funcionando por, no mínimo,

É o primeiro ano de funcionamento, no Brasil, do visto eletrônico para cidadãos australianos, americanos, canadenses e japoneses. O Canadá foi o país que apresentou o maior crescimento no número de visitantes, passando de 48 951, em 2017, para 71 160, em 2018.

<https://tinyurl.com/yyjvsvm5>Acesso em: 16.05.2019. Adaptado.

Um estudante, ao ler essa notícia, ficou pensando em quantos turistas entrarão no Brasil nos próximos anos. Ele supôs que uma função polinomial de primeiro grau estabelecia o número de turistas canadenses ano a ano e, de acordo com os dados do texto, fez os cálculos.

Sabendo que os cálculos feitos por esse estudante estavam corretos, o número que ele encontrou, para turistas canadenses que entrariam no Brasil em 2022, foi

Dados da Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) apontam que 16 milhões de brasileiros sofrem de diabetes. Ainda de acordo com esse estudo, a taxa de incidência da doença cresceu 61,8% nos últimos dez anos. O Rio de Janeiro aparece como a cidade com maior prevalência de diagnóstico médico da doença, com 10,4 casos a cada 100 mil habitantes.

<https://tinyurl.com/y5vav28z> Acesso em: 17.05.2019

De acordo com o texto, a taxa de cariocas diagnosticados com diabetes é mais próxima de

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HEALTH

PEOPLE WITH A SENSE OF PURPOSE LIVE LONGER,

STUDY SUGGESTS

BY KASHMIRA GANDER ON 5/24/19 AT 11:10 AM EDT

People who have a sense of purpose in life appear to live longer, according to the  latest research linking this outlook to a person’s quality of life and to better physical and mental health. 

The authors of the study published in the journal JAMA Network Open  looked at data collected from 6,985 adults who were signed up to the Health and Retirement Study on people ages 50 and above in the US. The team looked at a group who completed a questionnaire in 2006 about their purpose in life, and used it to come up with a score. On average, the participants were 68.6 years old. Next, the scientists looked at causes of death in the group between 2006 and 2010. Variables included their demographic, marital status, race  and education level. Lifestyle choices like smoking and drinking were also noted.

Purpose was defined by the authors as a selforganizing life aim that stimulates goals,  promotes healthy behaviors and gives meaning to life.

The data revealed that the stronger the participants felt they had a purpose in life, the lower their risk of dying. This result remained even when the scientists adjusted their calculations for factors that could affect their score, such as a participants’ sociodemographic status and their health.

But scientists don’t know why there seems to be a link between purposefulness and the length of life. One explanation is that the attitude and overall wellbeing could prevent genes linked with inflammation from being expressed in the body. Meanwhile, lacking a purpose could dampen a person’s motivation to be healthy and active, the authors suggested.

Andrew Oswald, a professor of economics and behavioral science at the University of Warwick, in the U.K., who studies human happiness, told Newsweek: “It is as though the mind and body can draw on a pool of immune responses, and a healthy mind allows the body more immune response, in some way that we simply do not understand in 2019. Remarkably, a number of studies seem to show that happy people and people with a sense of purpose live longer.

<https://tinyurl.com/yykc8uu4> Acesso em: 27.05.2019. Adaptado.

No trecho do quinto parágrafo — Meanwhile, lacking a purpose could dampen a person’s motivation to be healthy and active – o termo em destaque corresponde em português a

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HEALTH

PEOPLE WITH A SENSE OF PURPOSE LIVE LONGER,

STUDY SUGGESTS

BY KASHMIRA GANDER ON 5/24/19 AT 11:10 AM EDT

People who have a sense of purpose in life appear to live longer, according to the  latest research linking this outlook to a person’s quality of life and to better physical and mental health. 

The authors of the study published in the journal JAMA Network Open  looked at data collected from 6,985 adults who were signed up to the Health and Retirement Study on people ages 50 and above in the US. The team looked at a group who completed a questionnaire in 2006 about their purpose in life, and used it to come up with a score. On average, the participants were 68.6 years old. Next, the scientists looked at causes of death in the group between 2006 and 2010. Variables included their demographic, marital status, race  and education level. Lifestyle choices like smoking and drinking were also noted.

Purpose was defined by the authors as a selforganizing life aim that stimulates goals,  promotes healthy behaviors and gives meaning to life.

The data revealed that the stronger the participants felt they had a purpose in life, the lower their risk of dying. This result remained even when the scientists adjusted their calculations for factors that could affect their score, such as a participants’ sociodemographic status and their health.

But scientists don’t know why there seems to be a link between purposefulness and the length of life. One explanation is that the attitude and overall wellbeing could prevent genes linked with inflammation from being expressed in the body. Meanwhile, lacking a purpose could dampen a person’s motivation to be healthy and active, the authors suggested.

Andrew Oswald, a professor of economics and behavioral science at the University of Warwick, in the U.K., who studies human happiness, told Newsweek: “It is as though the mind and body can draw on a pool of immune responses, and a healthy mind allows the body more immune response, in some way that we simply do not understand in 2019. Remarkably, a number of studies seem to show that happy people and people with a sense of purpose live longer.

<https://tinyurl.com/yykc8uu4> Acesso em: 27.05.2019. Adaptado.

Leia o texto para responder a questão.

HEALTH

PEOPLE WITH A SENSE OF PURPOSE LIVE LONGER,

STUDY SUGGESTS

BY KASHMIRA GANDER ON 5/24/19 AT 11:10 AM EDT

People who have a sense of purpose in life appear to live longer, according to the  latest research linking this outlook to a person’s quality of life and to better physical and mental health. 

The authors of the study published in the journal JAMA Network Open  looked at data collected from 6,985 adults who were signed up to the Health and Retirement Study on people ages 50 and above in the US. The team looked at a group who completed a questionnaire in 2006 about their purpose in life, and used it to come up with a score. On average, the participants were 68.6 years old. Next, the scientists looked at causes of death in the group between 2006 and 2010. Variables included their demographic, marital status, race  and education level. Lifestyle choices like smoking and drinking were also noted.

Purpose was defined by the authors as a selforganizing life aim that stimulates goals,  promotes healthy behaviors and gives meaning to life.

The data revealed that the stronger the participants felt they had a purpose in life, the lower their risk of dying. This result remained even when the scientists adjusted their calculations for factors that could affect their score, such as a participants’ sociodemographic status and their health.

But scientists don’t know why there seems to be a link between purposefulness and the length of life. One explanation is that the attitude and overall wellbeing could prevent genes linked with inflammation from being expressed in the body. Meanwhile, lacking a purpose could dampen a person’s motivation to be healthy and active, the authors suggested.

Andrew Oswald, a professor of economics and behavioral science at the University of Warwick, in the U.K., who studies human happiness, told Newsweek: “It is as though the mind and body can draw on a pool of immune responses, and a healthy mind allows the body more immune response, in some way that we simply do not understand in 2019. Remarkably, a number of studies seem to show that happy people and people with a sense of purpose live longer.

<https://tinyurl.com/yykc8uu4> Acesso em: 27.05.2019. Adaptado.

Leia o texto para responder a questão.

HEALTH

PEOPLE WITH A SENSE OF PURPOSE LIVE LONGER,

STUDY SUGGESTS

BY KASHMIRA GANDER ON 5/24/19 AT 11:10 AM EDT

People who have a sense of purpose in life appear to live longer, according to the  latest research linking this outlook to a person’s quality of life and to better physical and mental health. 

The authors of the study published in the journal JAMA Network Open  looked at data collected from 6,985 adults who were signed up to the Health and Retirement Study on people ages 50 and above in the US. The team looked at a group who completed a questionnaire in 2006 about their purpose in life, and used it to come up with a score. On average, the participants were 68.6 years old. Next, the scientists looked at causes of death in the group between 2006 and 2010. Variables included their demographic, marital status, race  and education level. Lifestyle choices like smoking and drinking were also noted.

Purpose was defined by the authors as a selforganizing life aim that stimulates goals,  promotes healthy behaviors and gives meaning to life.

The data revealed that the stronger the participants felt they had a purpose in life, the lower their risk of dying. This result remained even when the scientists adjusted their calculations for factors that could affect their score, such as a participants’ sociodemographic status and their health.

But scientists don’t know why there seems to be a link between purposefulness and the length of life. One explanation is that the attitude and overall wellbeing could prevent genes linked with inflammation from being expressed in the body. Meanwhile, lacking a purpose could dampen a person’s motivation to be healthy and active, the authors suggested.

Andrew Oswald, a professor of economics and behavioral science at the University of Warwick, in the U.K., who studies human happiness, told Newsweek: “It is as though the mind and body can draw on a pool of immune responses, and a healthy mind allows the body more immune response, in some way that we simply do not understand in 2019. Remarkably, a number of studies seem to show that happy people and people with a sense of purpose live longer.

<https://tinyurl.com/yykc8uu4> Acesso em: 27.05.2019. Adaptado.

Leia o texto para responder a questão.

HEALTH

PEOPLE WITH A SENSE OF PURPOSE LIVE LONGER,

STUDY SUGGESTS

BY KASHMIRA GANDER ON 5/24/19 AT 11:10 AM EDT

People who have a sense of purpose in life appear to live longer, according to the  latest research linking this outlook to a person’s quality of life and to better physical and mental health. 

The authors of the study published in the journal JAMA Network Open  looked at data collected from 6,985 adults who were signed up to the Health and Retirement Study on people ages 50 and above in the US. The team looked at a group who completed a questionnaire in 2006 about their purpose in life, and used it to come up with a score. On average, the participants were 68.6 years old. Next, the scientists looked at causes of death in the group between 2006 and 2010. Variables included their demographic, marital status, race  and education level. Lifestyle choices like smoking and drinking were also noted.

Purpose was defined by the authors as a selforganizing life aim that stimulates goals,  promotes healthy behaviors and gives meaning to life.

The data revealed that the stronger the participants felt they had a purpose in life, the lower their risk of dying. This result remained even when the scientists adjusted their calculations for factors that could affect their score, such as a participants’ sociodemographic status and their health.

But scientists don’t know why there seems to be a link between purposefulness and the length of life. One explanation is that the attitude and overall wellbeing could prevent genes linked with inflammation from being expressed in the body. Meanwhile, lacking a purpose could dampen a person’s motivation to be healthy and active, the authors suggested.

Andrew Oswald, a professor of economics and behavioral science at the University of Warwick, in the U.K., who studies human happiness, told Newsweek: “It is as though the mind and body can draw on a pool of immune responses, and a healthy mind allows the body more immune response, in some way that we simply do not understand in 2019. Remarkably, a number of studies seem to show that happy people and people with a sense of purpose live longer.

<https://tinyurl.com/yykc8uu4> Acesso em: 27.05.2019. Adaptado.

Em uma aula de Cinética Química, um professor propõe aos alunos analisarem as reações de decomposição da água oxigenada, que ocorrem em dois tubos de ensaio, sendo que um deles contém uma substância que atua como catalisador.

Os alunos esboçaram gráficos do volume de oxigênio liberado em função do tempo, de acordo com a reação apresentada, para cada experimento, conforme representado na imagem.

H2O2 → H2O + ½ O2

Conclui-se corretamente que a curva tracejada corresponde ao experimento

Uma das consequências da Lei de Proust é o cálculo estequiométrico, pois, em uma mesma transformação química, as substâncias reagem entre si, sempre na mesma proporção. Um estudante elaborou um quadro, fazendo previsões das massas envolvidas na reação de formação da amônia, supondo rendimento de 100 %, conforme a equação:

N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3

Substâncias nitrogênio hidrogênio amônia

As reações de esterificação são usadas para obtenção de ésteres flavorizantes, como o etanoato de etila (acetato de etila), largamente empregado em essências artificiais de frutas como realçador de aromas, como sabor artificial na confeitaria em sorvetes e bolos, como solvente para tintas e perfumes, como removedor de esmaltes em unhas e como solvente em geral nos laboratórios químicos. Sua obtenção ocorre por meio da reação entre o ácido etanoico e o etanol, conforme a equação:

Assim, para obtenção do flavorizante butanoato de propila, devemos reagir

Algumas substâncias tóxicas, como metais pesados e pesticidas, apresentam Índice de Toxidez (IT), que limita as concentrações dessas substâncias nos animais e nos seres humanos.

Observe a tabela que apresenta padrões adotados para o Índice de Toxidez (mg/L) da água, segundo resolução número 20 do CONAMA (Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente).

Metais Pesados Padrões Classes 1 e 2 Padrões Classes 3 e 4

Considerando os Padrões Classes 1 e 2, o componente de maior toxidade deve apresentar IT menor, que corresponde ao

As emoções que sentimos, como a alegria e a tristeza, por exemplo, são frutos de uma combinação causada por dois importantes neurotransmissores no nosso cérebro. Existem muitas situações que podem fazer com que eles entrem em ação; contudo, é possível estimulá-los de forma intencional e, para isso, é necessário conhecê-los. Esses neurotransmissores, representados na imagem, são a serotonina e a dopamina, sendo conhecidos, respectivamente, como hormônios da felicidade e do bem-estar.

As funções orgânicas presentes nos neurotransmissores representados, são

No contexto da conquista e da colonização da América, as colônias se configuraram em “extensões” territoriais de suas metrópoles.

Chamada de Pacto Colonial, ou Exclusivo Metropolitano, a relação entre as metrópoles europeias e suas colônias americanas determinava que

Entrada (AC): 120V - 0,5A

Saída (DC): 5V - 2A

(Fonte: O Estado de São Paulo.)

Tabela: Espectro eletromagnético.

Raio X                  0,01 nm - 10 nm

Ultravioleta            10 nm - 400 nm

Luz visível           400 nm - 750 nm

Infravermelho         750 nm - 1 mm

Assinale a alternativa que apresenta corretamente, a frequência em Hz da radiação que tem comprimento de onda nesta escala e o tipo de radiação a que corresponde. Adote para a velocidade da luz o valor de 3✕108m/s.

Massa de Júpiter = 320 Massa da Terra

1 Massa do Sol = 330 000 Massa da Terra

Distância (média) Sol - Terra = 150 x 106 km