Química
Eletroquímica: Oxirredução, Potenciais Padrão de Redução, Pilha, Eletrólise e Leis de Faraday.UFTM · 2013MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritosA questão refere-se à pilha eletroquímica
ilustrada no esquema.
Prova de 2013: Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM) — questões com gabarito
112 questões da prova de 2013 de Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), em Química, Matemática, Português, Inglês. Cada uma tem página própria, com enunciado completo, alternativas e gabarito — e dá para responder na própria página.
Matérias nesta prova
Resultados
112 questões encontradas. Mostrando a página 1 de 6.
25BBC4C9-E9 A tensão elétrica padrão dessa pilha é, em volt, igual a
25B89788-E9 Química
Termoquímica: Energia Calorífica, Calor de reação, Entalpia, Equações e Lei de Hess.UFTM · 2013FácilEntre para guardar nos favoritosO poder calorífico do GLP (Gás Liquefeito de Petróleo), cuja combustão é praticamente completa, é cerca de 48 000 kJ/kg. Considere que a composição desse gás seja de 50% em massa de butano e 50% em massa de propano e que a entalpia de combustão completa do butano seja ΔH = – 3 000 kJ/mol. Com base nessas informações, pode-se estimar que a entalpia de combustão completa do propano, em kJ/mol, seja próxima de25B54483-E9 Química
Grandezas: massa, volume, mol, massa molar, constante de Avogadro e Estequiometria.UFTM · 2013FácilEntre para guardar nos favoritosAs cascas de ovos são constituídas principalmente por carbonato de cálcio. Quando postas em contato com soluções ácidas, como o vinagre, ocorre reação química que produz gás carbônico. Sabendo que o volume molar de gás nas CATP (Condições Ambiente de Temperatura e Pressão) é igual a 25 L/mol, calcula-se que, para cada grama de carbonato de cálcio que reage completamente, forma-se um volume, em L, de gás carbônico, medido nessas condições, igual a25B21773-E9 Química
Equilíbrio QuímicoUFTM · 2013MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritosO incêndio na boate Kiss, em Santa Maria (RS), ocorrido no início deste ano [2013], trouxe à tona uma série de questões sobre a segurança dos estabelecimentos e também sobre o atendimento a vítimas de grandes incêndios. Uma delas é por que foi preciso trazer dos Estados Unidos uma substância tão simples – uma vitamina B injetável – para atender os pacientes que, segundo exames, foram intoxicados com cianeto?
O gás cianídrico liberado na queima da espuma, utilizada para melhorar a acústica da casa noturna, intoxicou a maior parte das vítimas, segundo perícia.
“É descaso e ignorância”, resume o toxicologista Anthony Wong, diretor do Ceatox (Centro de Assistência Toxicológica do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo). Segundo ele, é inadmissível que o país não tenha a substância e que seu uso não seja difundido entre médicos e socorristas, como acontece em outras partes do mundo.
A hidroxocobalamina, que faz parte do complexo B, é usada em altas concentrações como antídoto para o cianeto. O gás, o mesmo que já foi usado no extermínio de judeus nos campos de concentração nazistas, é subproduto da queima de diversos componentes usados na indústria, como o plástico, o acrílico e a espuma de poliuretano. Segundo os peritos que investigam o incêndio em Santa Maria, essa última foi usada no isolamento acústico da boate.
Capaz de matar em poucos minutos, o cianeto bloqueia a cadeia respiratória das células, impedindo que o oxigênio chegue aos órgãos e tecidos. Quando usada logo após a exposição, a hidroxocobalamina salva vidas. “O efeito é tão rápido que parece até milagroso”, conta Wong. Mas isso não é algo que os médicos aprendem na escola: “São poucas as faculdades que oferecem curso de toxicologia e, nas que tem, a matéria é opcional”.
(noticias.uol.com.br. Adaptado.)
Informações adicionais:
• O gás cianídrico é o cianeto de hidrogênio (HCN) no estado gasoso.
• A fórmula estrutural da hidroxocobalamina é:
• A massa molar da hidroxocobalamina é aproximadamente igual a 1,3 × 10³g/mol.
O cianeto de hidrogênio em solução aquosa é um ácido muito fraco. O hidróxido de potássio é uma base muito forte. O produto iônico da água, Kw, a 25 ° C, é igual a 1 × 10–14. Logo, as soluções aquosas de cianeto de potássio, nessa temperatura, apresentam2593B4F1-E9 Matemática
Progressão Geométrica - PGUFTM · 2013FácilEntre para guardar nos favoritosSabe-se que x + 3, 4x + 2 e 6x + 3 são, nessa ordem, três termos consecutivos de uma Progressão Geométrica crescente e constituem as medidas dos lados de um triângulo escaleno. A medida do perímetro desse triângulo é, em u.c., igual a258726DF-E9 Matemática
Aritmética e ProblemasUFTM · 2013FácilEntre para guardar nos favoritosUma piscina circular com profundidade uniforme de 1 m foi construída em uma residência, tangenciando uma região quadrada ABCD, conforme mostrado nas figuras.
Sabendo que a medida do segmento AO é igual a 4 m, é correto afirmar que o volume da água contida nessa piscina, quando totalmente cheia, é, em m³ , igual a
2580BB06-E9 Matemática
Álgebra LinearUFTM · 2013MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritosLeia a notícia.
(Veja, 13.02.2013.)
Considerando as informações contidas na notícia, a distância aproximada da Terra à Lua, em metros, pode ser corretamente representada, em notação científica, por
257702E1-E9 Português
Interpretação de TextosUFTM · 2013MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritosClaudius tirou do bolso um papel amarelado e amarrotado: atirou-o na mesa. Johann leu:Não me odeies, mulher, se no passadoNódoa sombria desbotou-me a vida:No vício ardente requeimando os lábiosE de tudo descri com fronte erguida.A máscara de Don Juan queimou-me o rostoNa fria palidez do libertino:Desbotou-me esse olhar – e os lábios friosOusam de maldizer do meu destino.Sim! longas noites no fervor do jogoEsperdicei febril e macilento:E votei o porvir ao Deus do acasoE o amor profaneino esquecimento!Murchei no escárnio as coroas do poetaNa ironia da glória e dos amores:Aos vapores do vinho, à noite insanoDebrucei-me do jogo nos fervores!A flor da mocidade profanei-aEntre as águas lodosas do passadoNo crânio a febre, a palidez nas facesSó cria no sepulcro sossegado!(Álvares de Azevedo. Noite na Taverna, 2001.)
Os versos – Aos vapores do vinho, à noite insano / Debrucei-me do jogo nos fervores! – redigidos em ordem direta, assumem a seguinte estrutura:25709C46-E9 Português
Interpretação de TextosUFTM · 2013MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritosClaudius tirou do bolso um papel amarelado e amarrotado: atirou-o na mesa. Johann leu:Não me odeies, mulher, se no passadoNódoa sombria desbotou-me a vida:No vício ardente requeimando os lábiosE de tudo descri com fronte erguida.A máscara de Don Juan queimou-me o rostoNa fria palidez do libertino:Desbotou-me esse olhar – e os lábios friosOusam de maldizer do meu destino.Sim! longas noites no fervor do jogoEsperdicei febril e macilento:E votei o porvir ao Deus do acasoE o amor profaneino esquecimento!Murchei no escárnio as coroas do poetaNa ironia da glória e dos amores:Aos vapores do vinho, à noite insanoDebrucei-me do jogo nos fervores!A flor da mocidade profanei-aEntre as águas lodosas do passadoNo crânio a febre, a palidez nas facesSó cria no sepulcro sossegado!(Álvares de Azevedo. Noite na Taverna, 2001.)Os versos lidos pela personagem Johann tematizam
256D871B-E9 Português
Interpretação de TextosUFTM · 2013MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritosEnsinar direitoSem contar com uma proposta acabada sobre o tema, o Ministério da Educação (MEC) pôs em circulação nas últimas semanas algumas ideias para melhorar a qualidade das faculdades de direito no Brasil.O MEC divulgara, em fevereiro, que estudava alterar as regras para abertura de cursos jurídicos, limitando a expansão de vagas e direcionando novas instituições para regiões carentes de advogados – tal como pretende fazer com faculdades de medicina.(Folha de S.Paulo, 18.03.2013. Adaptado.)Em relação aos dois parágrafos transcritos, o título do texto contém informação
256A69E1-E9 Português
Interpretação de TextosUFTM · 2013DifícilEntre para guardar nos favoritosLeia o poema de Mário Quintana para responder à questão.
Quem ama inventa
Quem ama inventa as coisas a que ama...
Talvez chegaste quando eu te sonhava.
Então de súbito acendeu-se a chama!
Era a brasa dormida que acordava...
E era um revoo sobre a ruinaria,
No ar atônito bimbalhavam sinos,
Tangidos por uns anjos peregrinos
Cujo dom é fazer ressurreições...
Um ritmo divino? Oh! Simplesmente
O palpitar de nossos corações
Batendo juntos e festivamente,
Ou sozinhos, num ritmo tristonho...
Ó! meu pobre, meu grande amor distante,
Nem sabes tu o bem que faz à gente
Haver sonhado... e ter vivido o sonho!
(Quintana de bolso, 2006.)
Ocorre objeto direto preposicionado quando, principalmente nos verbos que exprimem sentimentos ou manifestações de sentimento, se deseja encarecer a pessoa ou ser personificado a quem a ação verbal se dirige ou favorece.(Evanildo Bechara. Moderna gramática portuguesa, 2005. Adaptado.)A definição de Bechara é exemplificada com o seguinte verso do poema:
25673BBB-E9 Português
Interpretação de TextosUFTM · 2013FácilEntre para guardar nos favoritosLeia o poema de Mário Quintana para responder à questão.
Quem ama inventa
Quem ama inventa as coisas a que ama...
Talvez chegaste quando eu te sonhava.
Então de súbito acendeu-se a chama!
Era a brasa dormida que acordava...
E era um revoo sobre a ruinaria,
No ar atônito bimbalhavam sinos,
Tangidos por uns anjos peregrinos
Cujo dom é fazer ressurreições...
Um ritmo divino? Oh! Simplesmente
O palpitar de nossos corações
Batendo juntos e festivamente,
Ou sozinhos, num ritmo tristonho...
Ó! meu pobre, meu grande amor distante,
Nem sabes tu o bem que faz à gente
Haver sonhado... e ter vivido o sonho!
(Quintana de bolso, 2006.)
No contexto, as expressões a brasa e um revoo podem ser interpretadas, respectivamente, como2560D98C-E9 Português
Interpretação de TextosUFTM · 2013MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritosEm nossos dias, o neo-indianismo dos modernos de 1922 (precedido por meio século de etnografia sistemática) iria acentuar aspectos autênticos da vida do índio, encarando-o, não como gentil-homem embrionário, mas como primitivo, cujo interesse residia precisamente no que trouxesse de diferente, contraditório em relação à nossa cultura europeia. O indianismo dos românticos, porém, preocupou-se sobremaneira em equipará-lo qualitativamente ao conquistador, realçando ou inventando aspectos do seu comportamento que pudessem fazê-lo ombrear com este – no cavalheirismo, na generosidade, na poesia.A altivez, o culto da vindita, a destreza bélica, a generosidade, encontravam alguma ressonância nos costumes aborígines, como os descreveram cronistas nem sempre capazes de observar fora dos padrões europeus e, sobretudo, como os quiseram deliberadamente ver escritores animados do desejo patriótico de chancelar a independência política do país com o brilho de uma grandeza heroica especificamente brasileira.(Antonio Candido. Formação da literatura brasileira, 2000. Adaptado.)
De acordo com a argumentação de Antonio Candido e ainda mobilizando outros conhecimentos sobre a literatura brasileira, é correto afirmar que o indianismo romântico funcionou como expressão255D9A6F-E9 Português
Interpretação de TextosUFTM · 2013MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritosEm nossos dias, o neo-indianismo dos modernos de 1922 (precedido por meio século de etnografia sistemática) iria acentuar aspectos autênticos da vida do índio, encarando-o, não como gentil-homem embrionário, mas como primitivo, cujo interesse residia precisamente no que trouxesse de diferente, contraditório em relação à nossa cultura europeia. O indianismo dos românticos, porém, preocupou-se sobremaneira em equipará-lo qualitativamente ao conquistador, realçando ou inventando aspectos do seu comportamento que pudessem fazê-lo ombrear com este – no cavalheirismo, na generosidade, na poesia.A altivez, o culto da vindita, a destreza bélica, a generosidade, encontravam alguma ressonância nos costumes aborígines, como os descreveram cronistas nem sempre capazes de observar fora dos padrões europeus e, sobretudo, como os quiseram deliberadamente ver escritores animados do desejo patriótico de chancelar a independência política do país com o brilho de uma grandeza heroica especificamente brasileira.(Antonio Candido. Formação da literatura brasileira, 2000. Adaptado.)Em sua análise, o crítico Antonio Candido argumenta que
255A744D-E9 Português
Interpretação de TextosUFTM · 2013MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritos
(Gazeta do Povo, 06.11.2012.)
Na charge, para efeito de humor, faz-se um jogo de palavras
25571F44-E9 Inglês
Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehensionUFTM · 2013Muito fácilEntre para guardar nos favoritosUp Close With Sebastião Salgado, Brazil’s Legendary Photographer-ActivistBy Fernanda Ezabella (Folha de S.Paulo/Worldcrunch)
(Alto Xingu Indians in Central Brazil.Sebastião Salgado/Amazonas Images)Sebastião Salgado’s blue eyes have seen a bit of everything in this world – and this might not even be an exaggeration. For the past eight years in particular, the 69-year-old Brazilian photographer has travelled to more than 30 isolated regions of the world, collecting images of dozens of remote tribes, endangered animals and unusual landscapes.The Genesis project is a singular photographic journey that began in 2004 and ended in 2012, at a cost of one million Euros a year. The result will be shown in magazines, books, a documentary by Wim Wenders and a series of exhibitions around the world, each displaying some 250 black-and-white photos.The first exhibition will open in London on April 11, with former Brazilian President Lula – Salgado’s long-time friend – as special guest. “We want to create a little movement around these photos to provoke a debate on what we need to preserve,” he says. Salgado defends environmental causes through his organization, Instituto Terra. Even after travelling to so many exotic places, Salgado, now living in Paris, still takes vacations in Brazil. Here are excerpts from a conversation Salgado had with Folha, with new details about his travels, photographic techniques and new environmental projects.• Coldest tripI visited the Nenets, in the Yamal peninsula, in northern Siberia, Russia. They are a nomadic tribe who raise reindeer in extreme Arctic conditions. When I went there it was spring and weather ranged between -35ºC and -45ºC. I didn’t wash myself for 45 days. They don’t take baths because there is no water. The only way to get water is to break off a piece of ice and warm it in a pot.• Frozen equipmentI used a Canon, an EOS1 Mark III, a very powerful machine. The problem was the batteries. In the Siberian temperatures, they quickly lost power. On average, I take 2,500 shots per battery, but this time I could only take 300-400 photos before the battery stopped working. I would put it inside my clothes, my assistant would give me another one, I would take 300 more pictures and, when that battery ran out energy, I would take out the other one and it would work again.• Going digital for the first timeI started Genesis with film and changed to digital. The airport X-Ray scanners degrade the quality of film, and so I decided to change to digital and was quite surprised. Quality was better than the one I had with negatives in medium format. I turned off the screen on the back of the camera, and used my camera as I have always done. When I came back to Paris, I printed contact sheets and edited the photos using a magnifying glass, because I don’t know how to do it in the computer.• Stone AgesI met tribes that are still living in the Stone Ages, with working tools such as stone hammers. There were clans of about 10 people living in treetops. They had already seen white people before. They looked towards the direction I had come from and the chief asked me whether I was part of the white people clan that usually came from that direction. Because, for them, the world is all made of clans.• Brazilian arrowsI met the Zo’e tribe, in Brazil, who were first discovered 15 years ago and live in a state of total purity. You see the guy working with an arrow. He warms it, put some weight on it, a straight feather if he wants a quicker arrow, a rounder one to have it slower. It is the same science as for rockets. And he’s got the same problem as in Cape Canaveral, to recover his rockets. If his ballistic calculations are wrong, he loses his arrow. He takes only 10 arrows with him when he goes hunting, no more than that.• Activist or photographer?Photography is my life. When I am taking photos, I am in a deep trance. When I have my camera and am travelling with the Nenets, it’s my life, morning to night. I have taken incredible photos, but my life is also the environment and Instituto Terra.(www.worldcrunch.com. Adaptado.)
In the last paragraph, one can infer that the most important thing for Sebastião Salgado is2553C80A-E9 Inglês
Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehensionUFTM · 2013FácilEntre para guardar nos favoritosUp Close With Sebastião Salgado, Brazil’s Legendary Photographer-ActivistBy Fernanda Ezabella (Folha de S.Paulo/Worldcrunch)(Alto Xingu Indians in Central Brazil.Sebastião Salgado/Amazonas Images)Sebastião Salgado’s blue eyes have seen a bit of everything in this world – and this might not even be an exaggeration. For the past eight years in particular, the 69-year-old Brazilian photographer has travelled to more than 30 isolated regions of the world, collecting images of dozens of remote tribes, endangered animals and unusual landscapes.The Genesis project is a singular photographic journey that began in 2004 and ended in 2012, at a cost of one million Euros a year. The result will be shown in magazines, books, a documentary by Wim Wenders and a series of exhibitions around the world, each displaying some 250 black-and-white photos.The first exhibition will open in London on April 11, with former Brazilian President Lula – Salgado’s long-time friend – as special guest. “We want to create a little movement around these photos to provoke a debate on what we need to preserve,” he says. Salgado defends environmental causes through his organization, Instituto Terra. Even after travelling to so many exotic places, Salgado, now living in Paris, still takes vacations in Brazil. Here are excerpts from a conversation Salgado had with Folha, with new details about his travels, photographic techniques and new environmental projects.• Coldest tripI visited the Nenets, in the Yamal peninsula, in northern Siberia, Russia. They are a nomadic tribe who raise reindeer in extreme Arctic conditions. When I went there it was spring and weather ranged between -35ºC and -45ºC. I didn’t wash myself for 45 days. They don’t take baths because there is no water. The only way to get water is to break off a piece of ice and warm it in a pot.• Frozen equipmentI used a Canon, an EOS1 Mark III, a very powerful machine. The problem was the batteries. In the Siberian temperatures, they quickly lost power. On average, I take 2,500 shots per battery, but this time I could only take 300-400 photos before the battery stopped working. I would put it inside my clothes, my assistant would give me another one, I would take 300 more pictures and, when that battery ran out energy, I would take out the other one and it would work again.• Going digital for the first timeI started Genesis with film and changed to digital. The airport X-Ray scanners degrade the quality of film, and so I decided to change to digital and was quite surprised. Quality was better than the one I had with negatives in medium format. I turned off the screen on the back of the camera, and used my camera as I have always done. When I came back to Paris, I printed contact sheets and edited the photos using a magnifying glass, because I don’t know how to do it in the computer.• Stone AgesI met tribes that are still living in the Stone Ages, with working tools such as stone hammers. There were clans of about 10 people living in treetops. They had already seen white people before. They looked towards the direction I had come from and the chief asked me whether I was part of the white people clan that usually came from that direction. Because, for them, the world is all made of clans.• Brazilian arrowsI met the Zo’e tribe, in Brazil, who were first discovered 15 years ago and live in a state of total purity. You see the guy working with an arrow. He warms it, put some weight on it, a straight feather if he wants a quicker arrow, a rounder one to have it slower. It is the same science as for rockets. And he’s got the same problem as in Cape Canaveral, to recover his rockets. If his ballistic calculations are wrong, he loses his arrow. He takes only 10 arrows with him when he goes hunting, no more than that.• Activist or photographer?Photography is my life. When I am taking photos, I am in a deep trance. When I have my camera and am travelling with the Nenets, it’s my life, morning to night. I have taken incredible photos, but my life is also the environment and Instituto Terra.(www.worldcrunch.com. Adaptado.)
Segundo o texto, a tribo Zo’e25509CBA-E9 Inglês
Tradução | TranslationUFTM · 2013FácilEntre para guardar nos favoritosUp Close With Sebastião Salgado, Brazil’s Legendary Photographer-ActivistBy Fernanda Ezabella (Folha de S.Paulo/Worldcrunch)(Alto Xingu Indians in Central Brazil.Sebastião Salgado/Amazonas Images)Sebastião Salgado’s blue eyes have seen a bit of everything in this world – and this might not even be an exaggeration. For the past eight years in particular, the 69-year-old Brazilian photographer has travelled to more than 30 isolated regions of the world, collecting images of dozens of remote tribes, endangered animals and unusual landscapes.The Genesis project is a singular photographic journey that began in 2004 and ended in 2012, at a cost of one million Euros a year. The result will be shown in magazines, books, a documentary by Wim Wenders and a series of exhibitions around the world, each displaying some 250 black-and-white photos.The first exhibition will open in London on April 11, with former Brazilian President Lula – Salgado’s long-time friend – as special guest. “We want to create a little movement around these photos to provoke a debate on what we need to preserve,” he says. Salgado defends environmental causes through his organization, Instituto Terra. Even after travelling to so many exotic places, Salgado, now living in Paris, still takes vacations in Brazil. Here are excerpts from a conversation Salgado had with Folha, with new details about his travels, photographic techniques and new environmental projects.• Coldest tripI visited the Nenets, in the Yamal peninsula, in northern Siberia, Russia. They are a nomadic tribe who raise reindeer in extreme Arctic conditions. When I went there it was spring and weather ranged between -35ºC and -45ºC. I didn’t wash myself for 45 days. They don’t take baths because there is no water. The only way to get water is to break off a piece of ice and warm it in a pot.• Frozen equipmentI used a Canon, an EOS1 Mark III, a very powerful machine. The problem was the batteries. In the Siberian temperatures, they quickly lost power. On average, I take 2,500 shots per battery, but this time I could only take 300-400 photos before the battery stopped working. I would put it inside my clothes, my assistant would give me another one, I would take 300 more pictures and, when that battery ran out energy, I would take out the other one and it would work again.• Going digital for the first timeI started Genesis with film and changed to digital. The airport X-Ray scanners degrade the quality of film, and so I decided to change to digital and was quite surprised. Quality was better than the one I had with negatives in medium format. I turned off the screen on the back of the camera, and used my camera as I have always done. When I came back to Paris, I printed contact sheets and edited the photos using a magnifying glass, because I don’t know how to do it in the computer.• Stone AgesI met tribes that are still living in the Stone Ages, with working tools such as stone hammers. There were clans of about 10 people living in treetops. They had already seen white people before. They looked towards the direction I had come from and the chief asked me whether I was part of the white people clan that usually came from that direction. Because, for them, the world is all made of clans.• Brazilian arrowsI met the Zo’e tribe, in Brazil, who were first discovered 15 years ago and live in a state of total purity. You see the guy working with an arrow. He warms it, put some weight on it, a straight feather if he wants a quicker arrow, a rounder one to have it slower. It is the same science as for rockets. And he’s got the same problem as in Cape Canaveral, to recover his rockets. If his ballistic calculations are wrong, he loses his arrow. He takes only 10 arrows with him when he goes hunting, no more than that.• Activist or photographer?Photography is my life. When I am taking photos, I am in a deep trance. When I have my camera and am travelling with the Nenets, it’s my life, morning to night. I have taken incredible photos, but my life is also the environment and Instituto Terra.(www.worldcrunch.com. Adaptado.)
No trecho do sétimo parágrafo – the chief asked me whether I was part of the white people clan that usually came from that direction –, a palavra whether equivale, em português, a25492C16-E9 Inglês
Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehensionUFTM · 2013FácilEntre para guardar nos favoritosUp Close With Sebastião Salgado, Brazil’s Legendary Photographer-ActivistBy Fernanda Ezabella (Folha de S.Paulo/Worldcrunch)(Alto Xingu Indians in Central Brazil.Sebastião Salgado/Amazonas Images)Sebastião Salgado’s blue eyes have seen a bit of everything in this world – and this might not even be an exaggeration. For the past eight years in particular, the 69-year-old Brazilian photographer has travelled to more than 30 isolated regions of the world, collecting images of dozens of remote tribes, endangered animals and unusual landscapes.The Genesis project is a singular photographic journey that began in 2004 and ended in 2012, at a cost of one million Euros a year. The result will be shown in magazines, books, a documentary by Wim Wenders and a series of exhibitions around the world, each displaying some 250 black-and-white photos.The first exhibition will open in London on April 11, with former Brazilian President Lula – Salgado’s long-time friend – as special guest. “We want to create a little movement around these photos to provoke a debate on what we need to preserve,” he says. Salgado defends environmental causes through his organization, Instituto Terra. Even after travelling to so many exotic places, Salgado, now living in Paris, still takes vacations in Brazil. Here are excerpts from a conversation Salgado had with Folha, with new details about his travels, photographic techniques and new environmental projects.• Coldest tripI visited the Nenets, in the Yamal peninsula, in northern Siberia, Russia. They are a nomadic tribe who raise reindeer in extreme Arctic conditions. When I went there it was spring and weather ranged between -35ºC and -45ºC. I didn’t wash myself for 45 days. They don’t take baths because there is no water. The only way to get water is to break off a piece of ice and warm it in a pot.• Frozen equipmentI used a Canon, an EOS1 Mark III, a very powerful machine. The problem was the batteries. In the Siberian temperatures, they quickly lost power. On average, I take 2,500 shots per battery, but this time I could only take 300-400 photos before the battery stopped working. I would put it inside my clothes, my assistant would give me another one, I would take 300 more pictures and, when that battery ran out energy, I would take out the other one and it would work again.• Going digital for the first timeI started Genesis with film and changed to digital. The airport X-Ray scanners degrade the quality of film, and so I decided to change to digital and was quite surprised. Quality was better than the one I had with negatives in medium format. I turned off the screen on the back of the camera, and used my camera as I have always done. When I came back to Paris, I printed contact sheets and edited the photos using a magnifying glass, because I don’t know how to do it in the computer.• Stone AgesI met tribes that are still living in the Stone Ages, with working tools such as stone hammers. There were clans of about 10 people living in treetops. They had already seen white people before. They looked towards the direction I had come from and the chief asked me whether I was part of the white people clan that usually came from that direction. Because, for them, the world is all made of clans.• Brazilian arrowsI met the Zo’e tribe, in Brazil, who were first discovered 15 years ago and live in a state of total purity. You see the guy working with an arrow. He warms it, put some weight on it, a straight feather if he wants a quicker arrow, a rounder one to have it slower. It is the same science as for rockets. And he’s got the same problem as in Cape Canaveral, to recover his rockets. If his ballistic calculations are wrong, he loses his arrow. He takes only 10 arrows with him when he goes hunting, no more than that.• Activist or photographer?Photography is my life. When I am taking photos, I am in a deep trance. When I have my camera and am travelling with the Nenets, it’s my life, morning to night. I have taken incredible photos, but my life is also the environment and Instituto Terra.(www.worldcrunch.com. Adaptado.)
No trecho do quinto parágrafo – I would put it inside my clothes, my assistant would give me another one –, a palavra one referese, no texto, a254451F0-E9 Inglês
Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehensionUFTM · 2013MédioEntre para guardar nos favoritosUp Close With Sebastião Salgado, Brazil’s Legendary Photographer-ActivistBy Fernanda Ezabella (Folha de S.Paulo/Worldcrunch)(Alto Xingu Indians in Central Brazil.Sebastião Salgado/Amazonas Images)Sebastião Salgado’s blue eyes have seen a bit of everything in this world – and this might not even be an exaggeration. For the past eight years in particular, the 69-year-old Brazilian photographer has travelled to more than 30 isolated regions of the world, collecting images of dozens of remote tribes, endangered animals and unusual landscapes.The Genesis project is a singular photographic journey that began in 2004 and ended in 2012, at a cost of one million Euros a year. The result will be shown in magazines, books, a documentary by Wim Wenders and a series of exhibitions around the world, each displaying some 250 black-and-white photos.The first exhibition will open in London on April 11, with former Brazilian President Lula – Salgado’s long-time friend – as special guest. “We want to create a little movement around these photos to provoke a debate on what we need to preserve,” he says. Salgado defends environmental causes through his organization, Instituto Terra. Even after travelling to so many exotic places, Salgado, now living in Paris, still takes vacations in Brazil. Here are excerpts from a conversation Salgado had with Folha, with new details about his travels, photographic techniques and new environmental projects.• Coldest tripI visited the Nenets, in the Yamal peninsula, in northern Siberia, Russia. They are a nomadic tribe who raise reindeer in extreme Arctic conditions. When I went there it was spring and weather ranged between -35ºC and -45ºC. I didn’t wash myself for 45 days. They don’t take baths because there is no water. The only way to get water is to break off a piece of ice and warm it in a pot.• Frozen equipmentI used a Canon, an EOS1 Mark III, a very powerful machine. The problem was the batteries. In the Siberian temperatures, they quickly lost power. On average, I take 2,500 shots per battery, but this time I could only take 300-400 photos before the battery stopped working. I would put it inside my clothes, my assistant would give me another one, I would take 300 more pictures and, when that battery ran out energy, I would take out the other one and it would work again.• Going digital for the first timeI started Genesis with film and changed to digital. The airport X-Ray scanners degrade the quality of film, and so I decided to change to digital and was quite surprised. Quality was better than the one I had with negatives in medium format. I turned off the screen on the back of the camera, and used my camera as I have always done. When I came back to Paris, I printed contact sheets and edited the photos using a magnifying glass, because I don’t know how to do it in the computer.• Stone AgesI met tribes that are still living in the Stone Ages, with working tools such as stone hammers. There were clans of about 10 people living in treetops. They had already seen white people before. They looked towards the direction I had come from and the chief asked me whether I was part of the white people clan that usually came from that direction. Because, for them, the world is all made of clans.• Brazilian arrowsI met the Zo’e tribe, in Brazil, who were first discovered 15 years ago and live in a state of total purity. You see the guy working with an arrow. He warms it, put some weight on it, a straight feather if he wants a quicker arrow, a rounder one to have it slower. It is the same science as for rockets. And he’s got the same problem as in Cape Canaveral, to recover his rockets. If his ballistic calculations are wrong, he loses his arrow. He takes only 10 arrows with him when he goes hunting, no more than that.• Activist or photographer?Photography is my life. When I am taking photos, I am in a deep trance. When I have my camera and am travelling with the Nenets, it’s my life, morning to night. I have taken incredible photos, but my life is also the environment and Instituto Terra.(www.worldcrunch.com. Adaptado.)The Yamal peninsula