Prova de 2010: Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais (UEMG) — questões com gabarito

The Impact of the Gulf Oil Spill on the U.S.

www.freewebs.com/mathewstolte/oilspills.html. 21/06/2010

      Although the oil has been pouring into the Gulf of Mexico for months, the consequences of this larger than ever environmental disaster have yet to be fully examined and determined. Scientists and researchers have started to put together some of the puzzle pieces, and the impact of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill are likely to be big.

      North Americans will have fewer choices on the store shelves. The Gulf of Mexico is a huge shipping lane through which products of all shapes and sizes come into North America. From toys to clothes to cars to building materials, you may find that the selection at your local store begins to shrink as shipping lanes slow down as a result of the oil spill.

      Whether you’re taking a vacation or hoping to walk along the shore, you may be disappointed. Many beaches in the U.S.A. are now closing as clean-up efforts on removing oil slick from the sands. But the impact may be felt for quite some time as oil continues to wash up on shore.

      Many wildlife animals will be impacted by the oil spill. Oiled birds, otter, bald eagles, pelicans, turtles, fish, and dolphins are already washing up on shore, making the beach sights less than palatable for someone looking to see some pristine nature.

      Over time, molluscs like clams incorporate calcium into their shells throughout their lifetimes. But the heavy metals like nickel and vanadium from the petroleum industry and the resulting oil spill may be incorporated into the shells of these creatures. As other wildlife consumes these clams, they incorporate the toxins into their bodies, and on it goes as the heavy metals bio-accumulate in the food chain. This could have serious, long-term consequences for human health. 

      Environmentalists have been working on restoring the populations of oysters by reseeding certain reefs to boost their numbers. The Gulf of Mexico has been home-working on some of these projects, but with the massive oil spilling into that environment, the oysters could soon become tainted with chemicals, making them unsafe to eat.

      The Gulf of Mexico is also a nursery for species like shrimp that grow up in the estuaries. The oil that is taking over this natural environment will choke out the plants that make the estuaries so nutritious to shrimp. 

      According to the National Weather Service, a hurricane like Hurricane Katrina could have a devastating impact on New Orleans. Researchers expect 15 named storms to develop into 8 hurricanes, and with a well-placed hurricane, the oil could be pushed onto New Orleans shores, further impacting the already devastated region.

Adapted from http://www.thenewecologist.com (21/06/2010)

The Impact of the Gulf Oil Spill on the U.S.

www.freewebs.com/mathewstolte/oilspills.html. 21/06/2010

      Although the oil has been pouring into the Gulf of Mexico for months, the consequences of this larger than ever environmental disaster have yet to be fully examined and determined. Scientists and researchers have started to put together some of the puzzle pieces, and the impact of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill are likely to be big.

      North Americans will have fewer choices on the store shelves. The Gulf of Mexico is a huge shipping lane through which products of all shapes and sizes come into North America. From toys to clothes to cars to building materials, you may find that the selection at your local store begins to shrink as shipping lanes slow down as a result of the oil spill.

      Whether you’re taking a vacation or hoping to walk along the shore, you may be disappointed. Many beaches in the U.S.A. are now closing as clean-up efforts on removing oil slick from the sands. But the impact may be felt for quite some time as oil continues to wash up on shore.

      Many wildlife animals will be impacted by the oil spill. Oiled birds, otter, bald eagles, pelicans, turtles, fish, and dolphins are already washing up on shore, making the beach sights less than palatable for someone looking to see some pristine nature.

      Over time, molluscs like clams incorporate calcium into their shells throughout their lifetimes. But the heavy metals like nickel and vanadium from the petroleum industry and the resulting oil spill may be incorporated into the shells of these creatures. As other wildlife consumes these clams, they incorporate the toxins into their bodies, and on it goes as the heavy metals bio-accumulate in the food chain. This could have serious, long-term consequences for human health. 

      Environmentalists have been working on restoring the populations of oysters by reseeding certain reefs to boost their numbers. The Gulf of Mexico has been home-working on some of these projects, but with the massive oil spilling into that environment, the oysters could soon become tainted with chemicals, making them unsafe to eat.

      The Gulf of Mexico is also a nursery for species like shrimp that grow up in the estuaries. The oil that is taking over this natural environment will choke out the plants that make the estuaries so nutritious to shrimp. 

      According to the National Weather Service, a hurricane like Hurricane Katrina could have a devastating impact on New Orleans. Researchers expect 15 named storms to develop into 8 hurricanes, and with a well-placed hurricane, the oil could be pushed onto New Orleans shores, further impacting the already devastated region.

Adapted from http://www.thenewecologist.com (21/06/2010)

The Impact of the Gulf Oil Spill on the U.S.

www.freewebs.com/mathewstolte/oilspills.html. 21/06/2010

      Although the oil has been pouring into the Gulf of Mexico for months, the consequences of this larger than ever environmental disaster have yet to be fully examined and determined. Scientists and researchers have started to put together some of the puzzle pieces, and the impact of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill are likely to be big.

      North Americans will have fewer choices on the store shelves. The Gulf of Mexico is a huge shipping lane through which products of all shapes and sizes come into North America. From toys to clothes to cars to building materials, you may find that the selection at your local store begins to shrink as shipping lanes slow down as a result of the oil spill.

      Whether you’re taking a vacation or hoping to walk along the shore, you may be disappointed. Many beaches in the U.S.A. are now closing as clean-up efforts on removing oil slick from the sands. But the impact may be felt for quite some time as oil continues to wash up on shore.

      Many wildlife animals will be impacted by the oil spill. Oiled birds, otter, bald eagles, pelicans, turtles, fish, and dolphins are already washing up on shore, making the beach sights less than palatable for someone looking to see some pristine nature.

      Over time, molluscs like clams incorporate calcium into their shells throughout their lifetimes. But the heavy metals like nickel and vanadium from the petroleum industry and the resulting oil spill may be incorporated into the shells of these creatures. As other wildlife consumes these clams, they incorporate the toxins into their bodies, and on it goes as the heavy metals bio-accumulate in the food chain. This could have serious, long-term consequences for human health. 

      Environmentalists have been working on restoring the populations of oysters by reseeding certain reefs to boost their numbers. The Gulf of Mexico has been home-working on some of these projects, but with the massive oil spilling into that environment, the oysters could soon become tainted with chemicals, making them unsafe to eat.

      The Gulf of Mexico is also a nursery for species like shrimp that grow up in the estuaries. The oil that is taking over this natural environment will choke out the plants that make the estuaries so nutritious to shrimp. 

      According to the National Weather Service, a hurricane like Hurricane Katrina could have a devastating impact on New Orleans. Researchers expect 15 named storms to develop into 8 hurricanes, and with a well-placed hurricane, the oil could be pushed onto New Orleans shores, further impacting the already devastated region.

Adapted from http://www.thenewecologist.com (21/06/2010)

The Impact of the Gulf Oil Spill on the U.S.

www.freewebs.com/mathewstolte/oilspills.html. 21/06/2010

      Although the oil has been pouring into the Gulf of Mexico for months, the consequences of this larger than ever environmental disaster have yet to be fully examined and determined. Scientists and researchers have started to put together some of the puzzle pieces, and the impact of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill are likely to be big.

      North Americans will have fewer choices on the store shelves. The Gulf of Mexico is a huge shipping lane through which products of all shapes and sizes come into North America. From toys to clothes to cars to building materials, you may find that the selection at your local store begins to shrink as shipping lanes slow down as a result of the oil spill.

      Whether you’re taking a vacation or hoping to walk along the shore, you may be disappointed. Many beaches in the U.S.A. are now closing as clean-up efforts on removing oil slick from the sands. But the impact may be felt for quite some time as oil continues to wash up on shore.

      Many wildlife animals will be impacted by the oil spill. Oiled birds, otter, bald eagles, pelicans, turtles, fish, and dolphins are already washing up on shore, making the beach sights less than palatable for someone looking to see some pristine nature.

      Over time, molluscs like clams incorporate calcium into their shells throughout their lifetimes. But the heavy metals like nickel and vanadium from the petroleum industry and the resulting oil spill may be incorporated into the shells of these creatures. As other wildlife consumes these clams, they incorporate the toxins into their bodies, and on it goes as the heavy metals bio-accumulate in the food chain. This could have serious, long-term consequences for human health. 

      Environmentalists have been working on restoring the populations of oysters by reseeding certain reefs to boost their numbers. The Gulf of Mexico has been home-working on some of these projects, but with the massive oil spilling into that environment, the oysters could soon become tainted with chemicals, making them unsafe to eat.

      The Gulf of Mexico is also a nursery for species like shrimp that grow up in the estuaries. The oil that is taking over this natural environment will choke out the plants that make the estuaries so nutritious to shrimp. 

      According to the National Weather Service, a hurricane like Hurricane Katrina could have a devastating impact on New Orleans. Researchers expect 15 named storms to develop into 8 hurricanes, and with a well-placed hurricane, the oil could be pushed onto New Orleans shores, further impacting the already devastated region.

Adapted from http://www.thenewecologist.com (21/06/2010)

The Impact of the Gulf Oil Spill on the U.S.

www.freewebs.com/mathewstolte/oilspills.html. 21/06/2010

      Although the oil has been pouring into the Gulf of Mexico for months, the consequences of this larger than ever environmental disaster have yet to be fully examined and determined. Scientists and researchers have started to put together some of the puzzle pieces, and the impact of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill are likely to be big.

      North Americans will have fewer choices on the store shelves. The Gulf of Mexico is a huge shipping lane through which products of all shapes and sizes come into North America. From toys to clothes to cars to building materials, you may find that the selection at your local store begins to shrink as shipping lanes slow down as a result of the oil spill.

      Whether you’re taking a vacation or hoping to walk along the shore, you may be disappointed. Many beaches in the U.S.A. are now closing as clean-up efforts on removing oil slick from the sands. But the impact may be felt for quite some time as oil continues to wash up on shore.

      Many wildlife animals will be impacted by the oil spill. Oiled birds, otter, bald eagles, pelicans, turtles, fish, and dolphins are already washing up on shore, making the beach sights less than palatable for someone looking to see some pristine nature.

      Over time, molluscs like clams incorporate calcium into their shells throughout their lifetimes. But the heavy metals like nickel and vanadium from the petroleum industry and the resulting oil spill may be incorporated into the shells of these creatures. As other wildlife consumes these clams, they incorporate the toxins into their bodies, and on it goes as the heavy metals bio-accumulate in the food chain. This could have serious, long-term consequences for human health. 

      Environmentalists have been working on restoring the populations of oysters by reseeding certain reefs to boost their numbers. The Gulf of Mexico has been home-working on some of these projects, but with the massive oil spilling into that environment, the oysters could soon become tainted with chemicals, making them unsafe to eat.

      The Gulf of Mexico is also a nursery for species like shrimp that grow up in the estuaries. The oil that is taking over this natural environment will choke out the plants that make the estuaries so nutritious to shrimp. 

      According to the National Weather Service, a hurricane like Hurricane Katrina could have a devastating impact on New Orleans. Researchers expect 15 named storms to develop into 8 hurricanes, and with a well-placed hurricane, the oil could be pushed onto New Orleans shores, further impacting the already devastated region.

Adapted from http://www.thenewecologist.com (21/06/2010)

The Impact of the Gulf Oil Spill on the U.S.

www.freewebs.com/mathewstolte/oilspills.html. 21/06/2010

      Although the oil has been pouring into the Gulf of Mexico for months, the consequences of this larger than ever environmental disaster have yet to be fully examined and determined. Scientists and researchers have started to put together some of the puzzle pieces, and the impact of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill are likely to be big.

      North Americans will have fewer choices on the store shelves. The Gulf of Mexico is a huge shipping lane through which products of all shapes and sizes come into North America. From toys to clothes to cars to building materials, you may find that the selection at your local store begins to shrink as shipping lanes slow down as a result of the oil spill.

      Whether you’re taking a vacation or hoping to walk along the shore, you may be disappointed. Many beaches in the U.S.A. are now closing as clean-up efforts on removing oil slick from the sands. But the impact may be felt for quite some time as oil continues to wash up on shore.

      Many wildlife animals will be impacted by the oil spill. Oiled birds, otter, bald eagles, pelicans, turtles, fish, and dolphins are already washing up on shore, making the beach sights less than palatable for someone looking to see some pristine nature.

      Over time, molluscs like clams incorporate calcium into their shells throughout their lifetimes. But the heavy metals like nickel and vanadium from the petroleum industry and the resulting oil spill may be incorporated into the shells of these creatures. As other wildlife consumes these clams, they incorporate the toxins into their bodies, and on it goes as the heavy metals bio-accumulate in the food chain. This could have serious, long-term consequences for human health. 

      Environmentalists have been working on restoring the populations of oysters by reseeding certain reefs to boost their numbers. The Gulf of Mexico has been home-working on some of these projects, but with the massive oil spilling into that environment, the oysters could soon become tainted with chemicals, making them unsafe to eat.

      The Gulf of Mexico is also a nursery for species like shrimp that grow up in the estuaries. The oil that is taking over this natural environment will choke out the plants that make the estuaries so nutritious to shrimp. 

      According to the National Weather Service, a hurricane like Hurricane Katrina could have a devastating impact on New Orleans. Researchers expect 15 named storms to develop into 8 hurricanes, and with a well-placed hurricane, the oil could be pushed onto New Orleans shores, further impacting the already devastated region.

Adapted from http://www.thenewecologist.com (21/06/2010)

Observe, com atenção, as imagens, a seguir:

Com base nas informações contidas nas ilustrações, acima, acerca das últimas enchentes no Nordeste, pode-se afirmar CORRETAMENTE que

Irã anuncia a construção de mais reatores nucleares

       Mesmo sob sanções impostas pelo Conselho de Segurança da Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU), o Irã anunciou nesta quarta-feira (16) que irá construir mais uma série de reatores nucleares (...). Segundo as fontes iranianas os “poderosos reatores” serão utilizados em usinas destinadas à produção de medicamentos.

      O anúncio foi feito uma semana depois de o Conselho de Segurança da ONU impor uma série de sanções ao Irã. No entanto, o diretor-geral da organização de energia nuclear iraniana afirmou que o país “dispõe de mais de 50 anos de experiência em ciência e tecnologia nuclear” que deve ser aproveitada.

Fonte: Agência Brasil, 16/6/2010 – Texto adaptado 

Países desenvolvidos do G20 cortarão pela metade déficits até 2013.

      “Os países desenvolvidos do G20 se comprometeram, a cortar em pelo menos 50% seus déficits públicos até 2013, segundo a declaração final da cúpula deste grupo que reúne potências industrializadas e emergentes, celebrada em Toronto (Canadá).

      Líderes dos países do G20 alertaram que “falhar em implantar a consolidação onde for necessário minaria a confiança e obstruiria o crescimento”. “Refletindo este equilíbrio, as economias avançadas se comprometeram com planos orçamentários que diminuirão os déficits e estabilizarão ou reduzirão a dívida pública com base no PIB até 2016”, diz o texto do documento(...)”.

UOL Notícias – Folha de São Paulo – 27/06/2010

AUMENTA A COLETA SELETIVA

A entidade que reúne as empresas de limpeza pública do país divulgou na semana passada um relatório segundo o qual a maioria dos municípios brasileiros (55,9%) já conta com coleta seletiva de lixo(...).

Revista Época, Edição nº 625, de 7/5/2010.

FRIO - INVERNO COMEÇA HOJE SOB INFLUÊNCIA DO LA NIÑA

      “O inverno começa às 8h28min de hoje, com predomínio de tempo seco em boa parte do país como as regiões Sudeste e Centro Oeste, nos estados de Rondônia, Acre, sul do Pará e Amazonas e Tocantins.

      Segundo o Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia, a previsão é que durante a estação consolide-se a influência do fenômeno La Niña. Esse fenômeno, segundo o INMET, pode provocar temperaturas mais baixas em relação aos anos anteriores.

(Jornal o Tempo – BH segunda feira 21/06/2010)

“O continente africano tem grande extensão latitudinal/longitudinal, cortado por três dos grandes paralelos terrestres: Equador, Trópico de Câncer e Trópico de Capricórnio, além do Meridiano de Greenwich. Em seu território há cinco diferentes fusos horários. Sua área estende-se de 37˚N até 34˚S e 51˚E até 18˚W. O continente é composto de 53 países reconhecidos internacionalmente, sendo que a África do Sul é um desses países, e tem como capital a cidade de Pretória e várias outras cidades importantes, como Port Elizabeth”.

(HTTP://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki em 25/06/2010)

Recentemente assistimos estarrecidos às imagens da destruição causada pelas chuvas e as enchentes no nordeste do Brasil, especialmente nos estados de Alagoas e Pernambuco. Após esse tipo de catástrofe é comum a solidariedade humana ajudar as populações necessitadas com doações de roupas, medicamentos, água e comida. As autoridades tomam medidas emergenciais de socorro e se preocupam muito com a prevenção de várias doenças que podem aumentar a sua incidência.

Nas alternativas abaixo, assinale aquela em que a doença nomeada NÃO tem relação com o fenômeno descrito e suas consequências.

A formação de coágulos é um processo natural que impede a ocorrência de hemorragias, entretanto a coagulação no interior dos vasos obstrui a circulação sanguínea. O coágulo se forma devido à transformação de uma proteína denominada fibrinogênio em outra proteína em forma de uma rede de malhas finíssimas denominada fibrina, que estanca a hemorragia. Veja, no esquema abaixo, a sequência de reações simplificadas que levam à formação da fibrina e à consequente coagulação do sangue:

Dentre os diversos fatores que podem provocar crises hemorrágicas, SÓ NÃO se inclui

Analise o seguinte cladograma, que mostra uma classificação filogenética de um grupo de vertebrados.

( Purves, W. K, Sadava, D, Orians,G. H e Heller, H. C. Vida – A Ciência da Biologia. Porto Alegre: Ed. Artmed, 2007 p. 436 )

De acordo com esse cladograma (ou árvore evolutiva) e outros conhecimentos sobre as características dos grupos de vertebrados, só NÃO É CORRETO afirmar que

Analise, abaixo, o ciclo de um elemento químico:

Das substâncias a seguir, assinale a única que NÃO possui o elemento evidenciado pelo ciclo.

Considere a imagem, a seguir:

Só NÃO é uma função da estrutura mostrada, acima

A hipercolesterolemia familiar é uma doença genética associada à deficiência do metabolismo lipídico, nomeadamente o transporte e metabolismo do colesterol. É uma doença com transmissão autossômica dominante. Um indivíduo heterozigoto tem 50% de probabilidade de transmissão do alelo para seu descendente. Indivíduos homozigóticos para o alelo, geralmente, morrem em poucos anos de vida, devido à forma grave da doença, caracterizada por hipercolesterolemia precoce. A dieta alimentar, bem como outros hábitos vitais, pode controlar a doença.

Analise, a seguir, o heredograma para um caso de hipercolesterolemia familiar.

Legenda:

Morte por forma grave

Afetados

Desconhecido

Normais

Considerando as informações fornecidas no heredograma e outros conhecimentos sobre o assunto, afirma-se corretamente que a probabilidade do casal II-3 X II-4 ter uma criança com hipercolesterolemia grave será correspondente a

Um estudante gotejou água sobre diferentes tipos de papel e plástico. Ele observou diferenças na velocidade de absorção da água por esses materiais e também verificou que alguns deles não absorvem água.

A seguir apresentamos as estruturas da celulose, do polietileno e da água.

Considerando-se as informações do texto e das estruturas ilustradas, é CORRETO afirmar que

Para explorar convenientemente a cultura da soja, é indispensável incorporar calcário aos solos que estão com pH inferior a 5,5. A quantidade de calcário a ser aplicada no terreno é determinada através da análise do solo.

Considerando-se essas informações, é INCORRETO afirmar que