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Chumbo vira ouro de verdade — ou quase de verdade
Pela primeira vez, colisões entre núcleos de chumbo, acelerados até velocidades altíssimas no maior colisor de partículas do mundo, geraram campos eletromagnéticos in tensos o suficiente para eliminar prótons e transformar chumbo em ouro. Isso não significa que teremos uma fábrica de ouro, já que as quantidades produzidas são mínimas e o ouro produzido nem mesmo pode ser coletado, porque se desfaz em frações de segundo.
Durante quatro anos de colisões, foram criados 86 bilhões de núcleos de ouro nos quatro experimentos principais. Em termos de massa, isso corresponde a apenas 29 picogramas (2,9 × 10–11g). Mas não é isso o que importa, porque este é um feito de grande significado para a história da ciência.
(www.inovacaotecnologica.com.br. Adaptado.)
O número total de prótons que foram eliminados dos núcleos de chumbo durante quatro anos de colisões foi de
Na década de 1940, os Estados Unidos da América tinham especial interesse pela borracha brasileira. Ciente disso, o governo brasileiro firma um acordo com os estadunidenses: eles investem no Brasil e o governo brasileiro se encarrega de arregimentar nova mão de obra nos seringais, a fim de extrair o látex, matéria-prima na fabricação da borracha.
(https://imazon.org.br. Adaptado.)
Ao se referir a uma negociação entre o Brasil e os Estados Unidos, relativa à extração do látex, o excerto evidencia que


O ponto de partida da filosofia autêntica encontra-se no espanto, na admiração ou na angústia. Uma fissura manifesta-se na existência; é preciso cimentar a brecha da dúvida. O pensamento vem e põe ordem na desordem. Chamam--se filosofia os primeiros princípios que traduzem a justificação que a pessoa se dá sobre seu lugar no mundo. O que a reflexão procura é sempre um estado de paz, princípio de uma orientação ontológica em fé da qual o homem se encontra à vontade na sua paisagem. Neste sentido, a função da filosofia não é diferente da do mito. O mito é a primeira forma desta adaptação espiritual da comunidade humana ao seu contorno. O pensador, uma vez rompida a consciência coletiva, retoma-o por sua conta, com os meios acrescidos da reflexão.
(Georges Gusdorf. Mito e metafísica, 1979. Adaptado.)
Com base no excerto, a relação entre mito e filosofia pode ser compreendida como a



Examine a tira de Bill Watterson.

(www.facebook.com)
In the comic strip, Calvin, the boy,

(www.farmprogress.com, 25.03.2025. Adaptado.)
1acreage: an area of land measured in acres.
2bushel: a measure internationally used for grains; for soybean, it is equivalent to 27,216 kg.
According to the information presented in the chart,
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
Dr. Mariangela Hungria will receive the $500,000 award for her work to utilize biological processes to sustainably improve crop1 nutrition, yields2 and productivity. The scientist whose discoveries helped Brazil become a global agricultural powerhouse has been named the 2025 World Food Prize Laureate.
Dr. Mariangela Hungria, a microbiologist from São Paulo, has developed dozens of biological seed and soil treatments that help crops source nutrients through soil bacteria, significantly increasing yields of major crops while also reducing the need for synthetic fertilizer. Her products are estimated to have been used across more than 40 million hectares in Brazil, saving farmers up to US$40 billion a year in costs while avoiding more than 180 million metric tons of CO2 equivalent emissions per year.
Dr. Hungria’s work has helped improve yields of wheat, corn, rice, common beans, and other major crops, including soybean, which is now Brazil’s top agricultural export. Over her 40-year career with the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), national soybean production increased from 15 million tons in 1979 to an anticipated 173 million tons in the next harvest3 in 2025.
Dr. Hungria, who overcame prejudices against women and young mothers in academia to be named one of the 100 most powerful women in agriculture in Brazil by Forbes magazine in 2021, said she was inspired by Dr. Norman Borlaug, the father of the Green Revolution and founder of the World Food Prize. “I like to say that he made the Green Revolution possible, and we had this great opportunity to start a ‘micro green revolution’ — a green revolution, but with microorganisms,” she added. “I can’t quite believe I am now receiving the World Food Prize. Many people questioned me and my abilities throughout my career but I believed in what I was doing and persevered. The role of women in agriculture, from farming to science, deserves more recognition. I hope my achievement inspires others to pursue their passions in science.”
(www.worldfoodprize.org, 13.05.2025. Adaptado.)
1crop: cultivated plant that is grown as food, especially grain, fruit or vegetable.
2yields: the full amounts of an agricultural product.
3harvest: the crops that are cut and collected.
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
Dr. Mariangela Hungria will receive the $500,000 award for her work to utilize biological processes to sustainably improve crop1 nutrition, yields2 and productivity. The scientist whose discoveries helped Brazil become a global agricultural powerhouse has been named the 2025 World Food Prize Laureate.
Dr. Mariangela Hungria, a microbiologist from São Paulo, has developed dozens of biological seed and soil treatments that help crops source nutrients through soil bacteria, significantly increasing yields of major crops while also reducing the need for synthetic fertilizer. Her products are estimated to have been used across more than 40 million hectares in Brazil, saving farmers up to US$40 billion a year in costs while avoiding more than 180 million metric tons of CO2 equivalent emissions per year.
Dr. Hungria’s work has helped improve yields of wheat, corn, rice, common beans, and other major crops, including soybean, which is now Brazil’s top agricultural export. Over her 40-year career with the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), national soybean production increased from 15 million tons in 1979 to an anticipated 173 million tons in the next harvest3 in 2025.
Dr. Hungria, who overcame prejudices against women and young mothers in academia to be named one of the 100 most powerful women in agriculture in Brazil by Forbes magazine in 2021, said she was inspired by Dr. Norman Borlaug, the father of the Green Revolution and founder of the World Food Prize. “I like to say that he made the Green Revolution possible, and we had this great opportunity to start a ‘micro green revolution’ — a green revolution, but with microorganisms,” she added. “I can’t quite believe I am now receiving the World Food Prize. Many people questioned me and my abilities throughout my career but I believed in what I was doing and persevered. The role of women in agriculture, from farming to science, deserves more recognition. I hope my achievement inspires others to pursue their passions in science.”
(www.worldfoodprize.org, 13.05.2025. Adaptado.)
1crop: cultivated plant that is grown as food, especially grain, fruit or vegetable.
2yields: the full amounts of an agricultural product.
3harvest: the crops that are cut and collected.